动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 7: 3255 - 3262

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.07.035

反刍与草食动物营养与饲料 RUMINANT AND HERBIVORE NUTRITION AND FEED

发酵酒糟对育肥牦牛生长性能、养分表观消化率及瘤胃发酵的影响

  • 曹广 ,
  • 王之盛 ,
  • 胡瑞 ,
  • 王雪莹 ,
  • 马健 ,
  • 周芯宇 ,
  • 祝伊枭 ,
  • 汪成 ,
  • 彭全辉 ,
  • 邹华围 ,
  • 薛白 ,
  • 王立志 ,
  • 罗晓林 ,
  • 官久强
展开
  • 1. 四川农业大学动物营养研究所, 四川省牛低碳养殖与安全生产高校重点实验室, 成都 611130;
    2. 四川省草原科学研究院, 成都 611731
曹广(1995-),男,四川雅安人,硕士研究生,研究方向为反刍动物营养与饲料科学。E-mail:2486335434@qq.com

收稿日期: 2020-02-19

  网络出版日期: 2020-07-15

基金资助

四川省科技支撑计划"牦牛、肉牛专用补饲料开发与示范"（2016NZ0008）；国家现代农业（肉牛/牦牛）产业技术体系（CARS-38）

收起

Effects of Fermented Distiller's Grains on Growth Performance, Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Rumen Fermentation of Finishing Yaks

  • CAO Guang ,
  • WANG Zhisheng ,
  • HU Rui ,
  • WANG Xueying ,
  • MA Jian ,
  • ZHOU Xinyu ,
  • ZHU Yixiao ,
  • WANG Cheng ,
  • PENG Quanhui ,
  • ZOU Huawei ,
  • XUE Bai ,
  • WANG Lizhi ,
  • LUO Xiaolin ,
  • GUAN Jiuqiang
Expand
  • 1. Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Culture and Safety Production in Cattle in Sichuan, Animal Nutrition Institute of Sichuan Agriculture University, Chengdu 611130, China;
    2. Sichuan Academy of Grassl and Sciences, Chengdu 611731, China

Received date: 2020-02-19

  Online published: 2020-07-15

Fold

摘要

本试验旨在研究等能等氮牦牛饲粮中使用不同比例发酵酒糟作为蛋白质饲料对舍饲育肥牦牛生长性能、养分表观消化率、血清生化指标及瘤胃发酵的影响。选用3周岁、体重[（188.2±13.9）kg）]相近、体况良好的麦洼牦牛公牛30头，随机分为3组，每组10头牛。3组牦牛所喂饲粮营养水平相近，饲粮中发酵酒糟比例分别为0（对照组）、2.5%（试验Ⅰ组）及5.0%（试验Ⅱ组）。预试期15 d，正试期60 d。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，饲粮中使用2.5%的发酵酒糟可显著提高牦牛的平均日增重（P<0.05），显著降低料重比（P<0.05），但是将饲粮中发酵酒糟比例由2.5%进一步提高到5.0%后则会使牦牛的平均日增重显著降低（P<0.05），料重比显著增加（P<0.05）。2）与对照组相比，饲粮中使用2.5%的发酵酒糟可显著提高饲粮中性洗涤纤维表观消化率（P<0.05），但是将饲粮中发酵酒糟比例由2.5%进一步提高到5.0%后则会使饲粮干物质和中性洗涤纤维表观消化率显著降低（P<0.05）。3）3组中以试验Ⅰ组牦牛瘤胃液乙酸含量最高，显著高于试验Ⅱ组（P<0.05），试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组瘤胃液丁酸含量显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。4）2个试验组血清总胆固醇含量均显著高于对照组（P<0.05），其余血清生化指标各组之间差异不显著（P>0.05）。综上所述，发酵酒糟可作为育肥牦牛饲粮的蛋白质源，其适宜使用比例为2.5%，可显著提高育肥牦牛的平均日增重和饲料效率。

关键词： 育肥牦牛; 发酵酒糟; 生长性能; 养分表观消化率; 瘤胃发酵; 血清生化指标

本文引用格式

曹广 , 王之盛 , 胡瑞 , 王雪莹 , 马健 , 周芯宇 , 祝伊枭 , 汪成 , 彭全辉 , 邹华围 , 薛白 , 王立志 , 罗晓林 , 官久强 . 发酵酒糟对育肥牦牛生长性能、养分表观消化率及瘤胃发酵的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(7) : 3255 -3262 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.07.035

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different proportion of fermented distiller's grains in diets as a source of protein feed on growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility, serum biochemical indexes and rumen fermentation of finishing yaks under stall-feeding. Thirty 3-year-old finishing yaks with good body condition and similar body weight[(188.2±13.9) kg] were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n=10). Nutrient levels of the diets for 3 groups were close, and the proportion of fermented distiller's grains in the 3 diets were 0 (control group), 2.5% (trial group Ⅰ) and 5.0% (trial group Ⅱ), respectively. The pretrial period was 15 days and the trial lasted for 60 days. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group, the average daily gain of yaks fed the diet with 2.5% fermented distiller's grains was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the feed/gain was significantly decreased (P<0.05); when the proportion of fermented distiller's grains was further increased from 2.5% to 5.0%, the average daily gain was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the feed/gain was significantly increased (P<0.05). 2) When the proportion of fermented distiller's grains in the diet was 2.5%, the apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber was significantly increased compared with the control group (P<0.05), but when the proportion of fermented distiller's grains was further increased from 2.5% to 5.0%, the apparent digestibility of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 3) The content of acetate in rumen fluid was the highest in the trial group Ⅰ among 3 groups, and significantly higher than that in the trial group Ⅱ (P<0.05), and the content of butyrate in rumen fluid in the trial groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ was significantly decreased compared with the control group (P<0.05). 4) The contents of serum total cholesterol in the 2 trial groups was significantly increased compared with the control group (P<0.05), but there were no significant differences in other biochemical indexes among 3 groups (P>0.05). In conclusion, fermented distiller's grains can be used as protein raw material in the diet of finishing yaks and the appropriate proportion is 2.5%, which can significantly increase the average daily gain and feed efficiency of finishing yaks.

Key words： finishing yaks; fermented distiller's grains; growth performance; nutrient apparent digestibility; rumen fermentation; serum biochemical indexes

参考文献

[1] 刘志云,钟晓霞,姚焰础,等.白酒糟生物饲料及其在猪生产上的应用现状[J].动物营养学报,2019,32(1):15-20.
[2] 李倩,裴朝曦,王之盛,等.不同类型酒糟营养成分组成差异的比较研究[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(6):2369-2376.
[3] LUMPKINS B S,BATAL A B.The bioavailability of lysine and phosphorus in distillers dried grains with solubles[J].Poultry Science,2005,84(4):581-586.  
[4] 宋善丹,陈光吉,饶开晴,等.白酒糟固态发酵条件的筛选及营养价值评定[J].中国畜牧杂志,2015,51(15):66-70.
[5] 张旺宏,李华伟,祝倩,等.发酵白酒糟对育肥猪血浆生化参数和抗氧化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(12):5174-5181.
[6] CRANE A R,REDDEN R R,SWANSON K C,et al.Effects of dried distiller's grains and lasalocid inclusion on feedlot lamb growth,carcass traits,nutrient digestibility,ruminal fluid volatile fatty acid concentrations,and ruminal hydrogen sulfide concentration[J].Journal of Animal Science,2017,95(7):3198-3205.
[7] ZHAO X H,CHEN Z D,ZHOU S,et al.Effects of daidzein on performance,serum metabolites,nutrient digestibility,and fecal bacterial community in bull calves[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2017,225:87-96.
[8] AOAC.Official methods of analysis[S].17th ed.Arlington,VA:Association of Analytical Washington,2003.
[9] VAN SOEST P J.Use of detergents in the analysis of fibrous feeds.2.A rapid method for the determination of fiber and lignin[J].Journal-Association of Official Analytical Chemists,1963,49:546-551.
[10] BRODERICK G A,KANG J H.Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and total amino acids in ruminal fluid and in vitro media[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1980,63(1):64-75.  
[11] ERWIN E S,MARCO G J,EMERY E M.Volatile fatty acid analyses of blood and rumen fluid by gas chromatography[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1961,44(9):1768-1771.  
[12] MAKKAR H P S,SHARMA O P,DAWRA R K,et al.Simple determination of microbial protein in rumen liquor[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1982,65(11):2170-2173.  
[13] 贺鸣,李胜利.发酵酒糟对肉牛和奶牛生产性能的影响[J].中国饲料,2004(5):24-27.
[14] 赖松家,贾先波,陈仕毅.发酵白酒糟高肽蛋白饲料对肉牛生长和育肥性能的影响[C]//第十一届(2016)中国牛业发展大会论文集.宣汉:中国畜牧业协会,2016.
[15] 谢亮,吕宏伟,彭鹏,等.发酵白酒糟替代部分玉米DDGS对肉鸡生长性能和屠宰性能的影响[J].饲料工业,2019(21):25-29.
[16] 姬向波,姚国佳,刘健,等.啤酒糟、发酵啤酒糟替代豆粕对肉鹅生长性能、免疫器官指数及肠道菌群的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2015,42(10):2669-2675.
[17] 陈颖,刘君地,朴香淑,等.白酒糟发酵粉对生长猪消化能、代谢能和氨基酸标准回肠消化率的评定[J].饲料工业,2013,34(9):47-53.
[18] 张玉诚.白酒糟菌体蛋白饲料开发研究[D].硕士学位论文.雅安:四川农业大学,2016.
[19] 陈光吉.发酵酒糟、日粮NDF和能量水平对舍饲育肥牦牛生产性能、瘤胃发酵和胴体品质的影响[D].成都:西南民族大学,2016.
[20] 布登付,曾晓,李同新.日粮添加酒糟对后备奶牛生长性能和营养物质消化率的影响[J].中国饲料,2019(14):99-102.
[21] 王斌星,王伟冬,郭春华,等.发酵酒糟对舍饲育肥藏绵羊生产性能、养分表观消化率和经济效益的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2016(07):5-10.
[22] 林奕.白酒糟、玉米和豆粕之间组合效应及其对瘤胃发酵特性影响的研究[D].硕士学位论文.雅安:四川农业大学,2009.
[23] 杨璐玲,吕永艳,孙国强.啤酒糟对奶牛产奶性能及血液生化指标的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2014,50(13):51-56.
[24] 陈光吉,郭春华,娄超,等.微生物发酵饲料替代肉牛精料的饲喂效果及配方筛选的研究[J].饲料研究,2015(4):39-42.
[25] 毛宏祥,陆相龙,金宜全,等.反刍家畜瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸生成及模型研究进展[J].中国畜牧杂志,2019,55(8):35-40.
[26] 冯仰廉.反刍动物营养学[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[27] 王瑞龙.不同蛋白质日粮对山羊体内氨基酸和小肽代谢影响的研究[D].硕士学位论文.扬州:扬州大学,2006.
[28] 杜瑞平.绵羊瘤胃乙酸和丁酸的产生、吸收和利用规律及可代谢生脂物质(MLS)的测定[D].硕士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2006.
[29] RADUNZ A E,FLUHARTY F L,SUSIN I,et al.Winter-feeding systems for gestating sheep Ⅱ.Effects on feedlot performance,glucose tolerance,and carcass composition of lamb progeny[J].Journal of Animal Science,2011,89(2):478-488.  
[30] ARCHIBEQUE S L,FREETLY H C,FERRELL C L.Feeding distillers grains supplements to improve amino acid nutriture of lambs consuming moderate-quality forages[J].Journal of Animal Science,2008,86(3):691-701.  
[31] 颜志辉,王加启,王萌,等.日粮添加DDGS对奶牛血液生化指标的影响[J].华北农学报,2010,25(增刊):179-183.
[32] 石风华.非常规饲料替代玉米饲喂肉牛对瘤胃发酵、养分消化率、生产性能和胴体品质的影响[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业大学,2014.
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉

    联系我们

  • 地址：北京市海淀区圆明园西路2号
    　　　中国农业大学动科动医大楼153室
  • 邮编：100193
  • 电话：010－62817823
  • 网址：http://www.chinajan.com
  • E-mail：cjan@chinajan.com
京公网安备 11010802041926号    京ICP备17050989号-2