动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 7: 3303 - 3312

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.07.040

特种经济动物营养与饲料 SPECIAL ECONOMIC ANIMAL NUTRITION AND FEED

饲粮可消化纤维与淀粉比对长毛兔消化道发育、消化酶活性、十二指肠组织形态及盲肠菌群数量的影响

  • 赵飞 ,
  • 丛雪艳 ,
  • 杨桂芹 ,
  • 郭东新 ,
  • 田河 ,
  • 李建涛
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  • 沈阳农业大学畜牧兽医学院, 沈阳 110866
赵飞(1992-),男,河南陕县人,硕士研究生,从事动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:wiserfei@qq.com

收稿日期: 2020-01-29

  网络出版日期: 2020-07-15

基金资助

现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-43-B-4）

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Effects of Dietary Digestible Fiber to Starch Ratio on Digestive Tract Development, Digestive Enzyme Activities, Duodenal Histomorphology and Cecal Bacteria Community Counts of Angora Rabbits

  • ZHAO Fei ,
  • CONG Xueyan ,
  • YANG Guiqin ,
  • GUO Dongxin ,
  • TIAN He ,
  • LI Jiantao
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  • College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China

Received date: 2020-01-29

  Online published: 2020-07-15

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮可消化纤维（半纤维素+果胶）与淀粉比（dF/S）对长毛兔消化道发育、消化酶活性、十二指肠组织形态及盲肠菌群数量的影响。将120只83日龄、平均体重为（2.19±0.07）kg的雌性长毛兔随机分为5组（每组4个重复，每个重复6只），分别饲喂dF/S分别为0.59、0.66、0.71、1.05和1.44的等能等蛋白质全价配合颗粒饲料。预试期7 d，正试期40 d。饲养试验结束后，从每个重复选取1只兔屠宰、取样，测定相关指标。结果表明：1）饲粮dF/S对长毛兔消化道发育和十二指肠组织形态无显著影响（P>0.05）；2）饲粮dF/S为0.71组的胃蛋白酶活性显著高于饲粮dF/S为0.59、1.05和1.44组（P<0.05）。饲粮dF/S越大，十二指肠胰蛋白酶活性越高，且饲粮dF/S为1.05和1.44组的十二指肠胰蛋白酶活性显著高于饲粮dF/S为0.59和0.71组（P<0.05）。3）饲粮dF/S对盲肠总细菌和乳酸菌数量有显著影响（P<0.05）。盲肠大肠杆菌、产气荚膜梭菌和双歧杆菌数量各组之间差异不显著（P>0.05）。饲粮dF/S与盲肠大肠杆菌数量之间存在显著的线性关系（P<0.05），与总细菌、乳酸菌数量之间存在显著的二次曲线关系（P<0.05）。综上可知，在本试验条件下，适宜的饲粮dF/S有利于提高长毛兔胃蛋白酶活性，dF/S越高十二指肠胰蛋白酶活性越高，同时不影响消化道发育和十二指肠组织形态，也不会破坏盲肠菌群平衡。综合本试验结果并结合前期生长性能数据，推荐长毛兔饲粮适宜dF/S为0.71~1.05（可消化纤维水平为18.78%~22.98%，淀粉水平为26.44%~21.89%）。

关键词： 可消化纤维与淀粉比; 长毛兔; 消化酶活性; 十二指肠组织形态; 菌群数量

本文引用格式

赵飞 , 丛雪艳 , 杨桂芹 , 郭东新 , 田河 , 李建涛 . 饲粮可消化纤维与淀粉比对长毛兔消化道发育、消化酶活性、十二指肠组织形态及盲肠菌群数量的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(7) : 3303 -3312 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.07.040

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of digestible fiber (hemicellulose+pectin) to starch ratio (dF/S) on digestive tract development, digestive enzyme activities, duodenal histomorphology, and cecal bacteria community counts of Angora rabbits. A total of 120 Angora rabbits at the age of 83 days and with an average body weight of (2.19±0.07) kg were randomly divided into five groups with four replicates of six rabbits each, and rabbits in the five groups fed five isoenergetic and isoproteic diets with dF/S of 0.59, 0.66, 0.71, 1.05 and 1.44, respectively. The pretest lasted for 7 days and the test lasted for 40 days. At the end of the feeding trial, one rabbit was selected from each replicate and slaughtered for sampling, and the relative indicators were determined. The results showed as follows:1) there were no significant differences in digestive tract development and duodenal histomorphology of Angora rabbits caused by dietary dF/S (P>0.05). 2) The pepsin activity of Angora rabbits in the 0.71 dF/S group was significantly higher than that in the 0.59, 1.05 and 1.44 dF/S groups (P<0.05). The larger the dietary dF/S, the higher the duodenal trypsin activity, and the duodenal trypsin activity in the 1.05 and 1.44 dF/S groups was significantly higher than that in the 0.59 and 0.71 dF/S group (P<0.05). 3) Dietary dF/S had significant effects on the counts of cecal total bacteria and Lactobacillus (P<0.05), however, the dF/S had no significant effects on the counts of cecal Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens and Bifidobacterium (P>0.05). The cecal Lactobacillus count of Angora rabbits in the 1.44 dF/S group was the highest, and it was higher than that in the 1.05 dF/S group (P<0.05). There was a significant linear relationship between the dietary dF/S and the cecal Escherichia coli count (P<0.05), and there were significant quadratic relationships between the dietary dF/S and the cecal total bacteria, Lactobacillus counts (P<0.05). In summary, under the conditions of this experiment, appropriate dietary dF/S is beneficial to improve the pepsin activity, the higher dF/S results in a higher duodenal trypsin activity, and dietary dF/S neither affect the digestive tract development, duodenal histomorphology, nor destroy the stability of cecal bacteria community. Comprehensive considering these results, with combination of the production performance, we suggest that dietary dF/S for Angora rabbits ranging from 0.71 to 1.05 (digestible fiber level ranging from 18.78% to 22.98%, and starch level ranging from 26.44% to 21.89%) is optimal.

Key words： digestible fiber to starch ratio; Angora rabbit; digestive enzyme activities; duodenal histomorphology; bacteria community counts

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