饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌对肉仔鸡生长性能、血清生化指标和胫骨指标的影响

张安荣; 刘娇; 陈志敏; 常文环; 邓雪娟; 蔡辉益; 刘国华; 郑爱娟

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.09.021

动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 9: 4123 - 4131

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.09.021

禽营养与饲料 POULTRY NUTRITION AND FEED

饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌对肉仔鸡生长性能、血清生化指标和胫骨指标的影响

张安荣 ,
刘娇 ,
陈志敏 ,
常文环 ,
邓雪娟 ,
蔡辉益 ,
刘国华 ,
郑爱娟

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1. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 农业农村部饲料生物技术重点开放实验室, 北京 100081;
2. 生物饲料开发国家工程研究中心, 北京 100081

张安荣(1996-),男,黑龙江佳木斯人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学。E-mail:15504578605@163.com

收稿日期: 2020-03-28

网络出版日期: 2020-09-17

基金资助

国家重点研发计划（2018YFD0500600）

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Effect of Dietary Bacillus subtilis on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indices and Tibia Index of Broilers

ZHANG Anrong ,
LIU Jiao ,
CHEN Zhimin ,
CHANG Wenhuan ,
DENG Xuejuan ,
CAI Huiyi ,
LIU Guohua ,
ZHENG Aijuan

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1. Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
2. National Engineering Research Center for Biological Feed Development, Beijing 100081, China

Received date: 2020-03-28

Online published: 2020-09-17

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摘要

本试验通过在基础饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌，研究其对肉仔鸡生长性能、血清生化指标和胫骨指标的影响。选择180只1日龄健康爱拔益加肉仔鸡，随机分为3个组，每组6个重复，每个重复10只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，抗生素组在基础饲粮中添加5 mg/kg黄霉素、75 mg/kg金霉素和20 mg/kg吉他霉素，枯草芽孢杆菌组在基础饲粮中添加1.5×10¹⁰ CFU/kg枯草芽孢杆菌。试验期42 d。结果显示：1）与对照组相比，饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌未显著影响1~21日龄和22~42日龄肉仔鸡末重、平均日增重（P>0.05），但显著降低了1~21日龄肉仔鸡平均日采食量（P<0.05），显著提高了22~42日龄肉仔鸡料重比（P<0.05）。2）与对照组相比，饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌极显著提高了21日龄肉仔鸡血清总胆固醇和甘油三酯含量（P<0.01），极显著提高了42日龄肉仔鸡血清碱性磷酸酶活性（P<0.01）。3）与对照组和抗生素组相比，饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌极显著提高了42日龄肉仔鸡血清总蛋白和白蛋白含量（P<0.01），显著提高了血清球蛋白含量（P<0.05），极显著降低了21日龄肉仔鸡血清氨和尿酸含量（P<0.01）。4）与对照组相比，饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌极显著提高了42日龄肉仔鸡胫骨中钙、磷含量（P<0.01）；与抗生素组相比，枯草芽孢杆菌组肉仔鸡胫骨强度显著提高（P<0.05）。由此可见，饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌显著降低了1~21日龄肉仔鸡平均日采食量，显著提高了22~42日龄肉仔鸡的料重比，但改善了肉鸡脂类代谢，提高饲粮中蛋白质的吸收，降低氮排放，促进胫骨钙、磷沉积。

关键词： 枯草芽孢杆菌; 肉鸡; 生长性能; 血清生化指标; 胫骨指标

本文引用格式

张安荣 , 刘娇 , 陈志敏 , 常文环 , 邓雪娟 , 蔡辉益 , 刘国华 , 郑爱娟 . 饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌对肉仔鸡生长性能、血清生化指标和胫骨指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(9) : 4123 -4131 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.09.021

Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, serum biochemical indices and tibia index of broiler chickens. A total of one hundred and eighty 1-day-old healthy Arbor Acres broiler chickens were randomly allotted to three groups with six replicates per group and 10 chickens per replicate. Broilers in the control group were fed a basal diet, those in the antibiotic group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 5 mg/kg flavomycin, 75 mg/kg aureomycin and 20 mg/kg kitasamycin, and those in the Bacillus subtilis group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 1.5×10¹⁰ CFU/kg Bacillus subtilis, respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group, dietary Bacillus subtilis did not significantly affect the final body weight and average daily weight gain of broilers from 1 to 21 days and 22 to 42 days of age (P>0.05), but significantly reduced the average daily feed intake of broilers from 1 to 21 days of age (P<0.05), and significantly increased the ratio of feed to gain of broilers from 22 to 42 days of age (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the control group, dietary Bacillus subtilis extremely significantly increased the serum contents of total cholesterol and triglyceride of broilers at 21 days of age (P<0.01), and extremely significantly increased the serum alkaline phosphatase activity of broilers at 42 days of age (P<0.01). 3) Compared with the control group and antibiotic group, dietary Bacillus subtilis extremely significantly increased the serum contents of total protein and albumin of broilers at 42 days of age (P<0.01), significantly increased serum globulin content (P<0.05), and extremely significantly reduced the serum contents of ammonia and uric acid of broilers at 21 days of age (P<0.01). 4) Compared with the control group, dietary Bacillus subtilis extremely significantly increased the contents of calcium and phosphorus in tibia of broilers at 42 days of age (P<0.01); compared with the antibiotic group, there was a significant increase on tibia strength of broilers in the Bacillus subtilis group (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary Bacillus subtilis can significantly reduce the average daily feed intake of broilers from 1 to 21 days of age, significantly increase the ratio of feed to gain of broilers from 22 to 42 days of age, but improve the lipid metabolism, increase the serum protein deposition, decrease the nitrogen emissions, also promote the deposition of calcium and phosphorus in the tibia of broilers.

Key words： Bacillus subtilis; broilers; growth performance; serum biochemical indices; tibia index

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