饲粮中添加甜菜碱对仔鹅生长性能及其调控因子的影响

杨雨; 阳金金; 万雨; 张航; 杨芷; 杨海明; 王志跃

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.09.023

动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 9: 4140 - 4147

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.09.023

禽营养与饲料 POULTRY NUTRITION AND FEED

饲粮中添加甜菜碱对仔鹅生长性能及其调控因子的影响

杨雨 ,
阳金金 ,
万雨 ,
张航 ,
杨芷 ,
杨海明 ,
王志跃

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1. 扬州大学动物科学与技术学院, 扬州 225009;
2. 扬州大学农业科技发展研究院, 扬州 225009

杨雨(1996-),男,江苏高邮人,硕士研究生,从事家禽生产研究。E-mail:786982345@qq.com

收稿日期: 2020-03-21

网络出版日期: 2020-09-17

基金资助

国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-42-I1）；江苏省自然科学基金青年基金项目（BK20190897）；江苏省农业重大新品种创制项目（PZCZ201738）；扬州市自然科学基金青年基金项目（YZ2019080）

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Effects of Dietary Betaine on Growth Performance and Its Regulating Factors of Geese

YANG Yu ,
YANG Jingjing ,
WAN Yu ,
ZHANG Hang ,
YANG Zhi ,
YANG Haiming ,
WANG Zhiyue

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1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
2. Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China

Received date: 2020-03-21

Online published: 2020-09-17

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平的甜菜碱对仔鹅生长性能、血清生长激素（GH）和胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ（IGF-Ⅰ）含量、屠宰性能和脏器指数的影响。选取体重相近、健康的1日龄江南白鹅公鹅360只，随机分成5组，每组6个重复，每个重复12只。对照组（A组）饲喂基础饲粮，试验组在基础饲粮基础中分别添加0.06%（B组）、0.12%（C组）、0.18%（D组）和0.24%（E组）甜菜碱，试验期63 d。结果表明：1）42日龄仔鹅体重随着甜菜碱添加水平的增加呈线性上升（P<0.05）；C、D、E组63日龄仔鹅体重显著低于A、B组（P<0.05）。43~63日龄仔鹅平均日采食量（ADFI）、平均日增重（ADG）随着甜菜碱添加水平的增加呈线性下降（P<0.05），而料重比（F/G）随着甜菜碱添加水平的增加呈线性上升（P<0.05）。2）42日龄仔鹅血清GH和IGF-Ⅰ含量随着甜菜碱添加水平的增加呈线性上升（P<0.05）。3）63日龄仔鹅的腹脂率和皮脂厚随着甜菜碱添加水平的增加呈线性下降（P<0.05）。4）63日龄仔鹅的肝脏指数随着甜菜碱添加水平的增加呈线性上升（P<0.05）。由此可见，不同生长阶段饲粮中添加甜菜碱对仔鹅有不同作用。1~42日龄饲粮中添加甜菜碱可显著提高仔鹅生长性能；43~63日龄饲粮中添加甜菜碱可显著促进脂肪代谢，改善胴体品质。建议1~42日龄仔鹅饲粮中甜菜碱适宜添加水平为0.18%，43~63日龄仔鹅饲粮中甜菜碱适宜添加水平为0.12%。

关键词： 甜菜碱; 仔鹅; 生长性能; 生长激素; 胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ; 屠宰性能; 脏器指数

本文引用格式

杨雨 , 阳金金 , 万雨 , 张航 , 杨芷 , 杨海明 , 王志跃 . 饲粮中添加甜菜碱对仔鹅生长性能及其调控因子的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(9) : 4140 -4147 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.09.023

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary betaine on growth performance, serum contents of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ), slaughter performance and organ indexes of geese. A total of 360 one-day-old healthy male Jiangnan geese with similar body weight were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 12 geese per replicate. Geese in the control group (group A) were fed a basal diet,and geese in experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 0.06% (group B), 0.12% (group C), 0.18% (group D) and 0.24% betaine (group E), respectively. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed as follows:1) the body weight increased linearly with the rise of betaine at 42 days of age (P<0.05); the body weight in groups C, D and E was significantly lower than that in groups A and B (P<0.05). The average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG) decreased linearly with the increase of betaine, however, the feed/gain (F/G) increased linearly with the rise of betaine at 43 to 63 days of age (P<0.05). 2) The serum contents of GH and IGF-Ⅰ increased linearly with the rise of betaine at 42 days of age (P<0.05). 3) The percentage of abdominal fat and thickness of the sebum of geese decreased linearly with the increase of betaine at 63 days of age (P<0.05). 4) The liver index of geese increased linearly with the rise of betaine at 63 days of age (P<0.05). It is concluded that the diets supplemented with betaine in different periods have different effects on geese. At 1 to 42 days of age, diets supplemented with betaine can significantly increase growth performance. At 43 to 63 days of age, diets supplemented with betaine can significantly promote fat metabolism, which in turn contributes to improving carcass quality. It is suggested that the optimal betaine level in geese should be 0.18% at 1 to 42 days of age, and 0.12% at 43 to 63 days of age.

Key words： betaine; geese; growth performance; GH; IGF-Ⅰ; slaughter performance; organ indexes

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