动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 9: 4277 - 4284

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.09.037

特种经济动物营养与饲料 SPECIAL ECONOMIC ANIMAL NUTRITION AND FEED

饲粮不同粗饲料原料对闽西南黑兔屠宰性能和肌肉品质的影响

  • 刘公言 ,
  • 孙海涛 ,
  • 刘策 ,
  • 白莉雅 ,
  • 杨丽萍 ,
  • 姜文学 ,
  • 王文志 ,
  • 高淑霞
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  • 山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 山东省畜禽疫病防治与繁育重点实验室, 济南 250100
刘公言(1989-),男,山东巨野人,助理研究员,博士,主要从事动物营养和家兔生产研究。E-mail:gongyanliu@foxmail.com

收稿日期: 2020-03-23

  网络出版日期: 2020-09-17

基金资助

2017年山东省农业良种工程（南种北繁）项目（2017LZN008）；山东省现代农业产业技术体系特种经济动物创新团队建设项目（SDAIT-21）；山东省农业重大应用技术创新"兔舍环境测控设备及大数据分析应用平台项目"（SF1805301301）

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Effects of Different Roughage Material Diets on Slaughter Performance and Muscle Quality of Minxinan Black Rabbits

  • LIU Gongyan ,
  • SUN Haitao ,
  • LIU Ce ,
  • BAI Liya ,
  • YANG Liping ,
  • JIANG Wenxue ,
  • WANG Wenzhi ,
  • GAO Shuxia
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  • Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China

Received date: 2020-03-23

  Online published: 2020-09-17

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮不同粗饲料原料对闽西南黑兔屠宰性能和肌肉品质的影响，以期筛选出适宜闽西南黑兔的粗饲料原料及饲粮配方，为闽西南黑兔异地饲养提供参考。试验选取120只体重相近、健康状况良好的35日龄闽西南黑兔，按性别和体重随机分为3组，每组5个重复，每个重复8只（公母各占1/2），分别饲喂以花生秧粉、苜蓿草粉和豆秸粉为主要纤维源配制的全价饲粮。预试期7 d，正试期105 d。试验结束当天每个重复选取1只公兔和1只母兔屠宰，即每组屠宰10只。结果显示：饲粮不同粗饲料原料对闽西南黑兔宰前活体重、半净膛屠宰率、全净膛屠宰率和腹脂相对重量有显著影响（P<0.05），其中花生秧粉组和苜蓿草粉组的半净膛屠宰率和全净膛屠宰率显著高于豆秸粉组（P<0.05），苜蓿草粉组的腹脂相对重量显著高于豆秸粉组和花生秧粉组（P<0.05）。饲粮不同粗饲料原料对闽西南黑兔心脏指数、肝脏指数和脾脏指数有显著影响（P<0.05），表现为花生秧粉组显著高于豆秸粉组（P<0.05）。饲粮不同粗饲料原料对闽西南黑兔肌肉中干物质、粗蛋白质和粗灰分含量的影响不显著（P>0.05），对粗脂肪含量的影响显著（P<0.05），其中苜蓿草粉组的粗脂肪含量比豆秸粉组提高了12.86%（P<0.05）。由此得出，饲粮不同粗饲料原料能够影响闽西南黑兔的屠宰性能和肌肉品质；对于地方品种资源闽西南黑兔，苜蓿草粉优于花生秧粉，花生秧粉优于豆秸粉，但在配制饲粮时营养水平不宜过高，因此以花生秧组饲粮配方最适。

关键词： 粗饲料类型; 闽西南黑兔; 屠宰性能; 肌肉品质

本文引用格式

刘公言 , 孙海涛 , 刘策 , 白莉雅 , 杨丽萍 , 姜文学 , 王文志 , 高淑霞 . 饲粮不同粗饲料原料对闽西南黑兔屠宰性能和肌肉品质的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(9) : 4277 -4284 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.09.037

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different roughage material diets on slaughter performance and muscle quality of Minxinan black rabbits, in order to select the suitable roughage materials and dietary formula for Minxinan black rabbits. It will provide reference for off-site breeding of Minxinan black rabbits. One hundred and twenty healthy 35-day-old Minxinan black rabbits with similar body weight were selected in this experiment, and randomly divided into 3 groups with 5 replicates in each group and each replicate contained 8 rabbits (half male and half female) according to body weight and gender. Rabbits in the 3 groups were fed complete diets using peanut seedling powder, alfalfa powder and beanstalk powder as the main fiber sources, respectively. The trial lasted for 7 days for adaptation, and 105 days for test. At the end of the experiment, one male rabbit and one female rabbit were slaughtered in each replicate, and 10 rabbits were slaughtered in each group. The results showed that different roughage material diets had significant effects on pre-slaughter live weight, half eviscerated ratio, all eviscerated ratio and abdominal fat relative weight (P<0.05). Among them, the half eviscerated ratio and all eviscerated ratio of peanut seedling powder group and alfalfa powder group were significantly higher than that of soybean straw powder group (P<0.05), while the abdominal fat relative weight of alfalfa powder group was significantly higher than that of soybean straw powder group and peanut seedling powder group (P<0.05). The heart index, liver index and spleen index of Minxinan black rabbits were significantly affected by different roughage material diets (P<0.05), and those of peanut seedling powder group were significantly higher than those of soybean straw powder group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the contents of dry matter, crude protein and ash in muscle of Minxinan black rabbits under different roughage material diets (P>0.05), but there was significant difference in the content of ether extract in muscle (P<0.05). The content of ether extract in muscle of alfalfa powder group was 12.86% higher than that of soybean straw powder group (P<0.05). Therefore, different roughage material diets can affect the slaughter performance and muscle quality of Minxinan black rabbits. For the local breed resource of Minxinan black rabbits, the nutritional value of alfalfa powder is better than peanut seedling powder, and peanut seedling powder is better than soybean straw powder. However, for Minxinan black rabbits, the nutritional level of the diet should not be too high, and the dietary formula of peanut seedling powder group is suitable.

Key words： roughage type; Minxinan black rabbits; slaughter performance; muscle quality

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