动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 9: 4393 - 4401

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.09.050

研究简报 SHORT COMMUNICATION

限制饮水对放牧绵羊生长性能、瘤胃发酵参数和血液指标的影响

  • 钟荣珍 ,
  • 向海 ,
  • 吴端钦 ,
  • 孙海霞 ,
  • 赵成振 ,
  • 房义
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  • 1. 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所, 吉林省草地畜牧重点实验室, 长春 130102;
    2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
    3. 中国农业科学院麻类研究所, 长沙 410205
钟荣珍(1981-),女,河北承德人,研究员,博士,研究方向为反刍动物营养与饲料科学。E-mail:zhongrongzhen@iga.ac.cn

收稿日期: 2020-03-04

  网络出版日期: 2020-09-17

基金资助

国家重点研发计划课题（2016YFC0500606，2018YFD0502102）

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Effects of Water Restriction on Growth Performance, Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Blood Indices of Grazing Sheep

  • ZHONG Rongzhen ,
  • XIANG Hai ,
  • WU Duanqin ,
  • SUN Haixia ,
  • ZHAO Chengzhen ,
  • FANG Yi
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  • 1. Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China;
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3. Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China

Received date: 2020-03-04

  Online published: 2020-09-17

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摘要

本试验旨在研究限制饮水对放牧绵羊生长性能、瘤胃发酵参数和血液指标的影响。采用单因素随机试验设计，选择36只健康的平均日龄为（120.0±6.8）d、平均体重为（19.70±3.72）kg的乌珠穆沁公羔羊，统一驱虫后随机分为2组，自由饮水组（对照组，放牧期间和归牧后均自由饮水）和限制饮水组（放牧期间限制饮水，归牧后自由饮水），每组3个重复，每个重复6只羊。适应期14 d，放牧期56 d，每日06：00出牧，18：00归牧。放牧时每个重复的羊赶入面积为100 m×100 m的天然羊草草地围栏中，6个重复的羊在6个围栏之间轮牧，每个围栏放牧4 d。放牧期内每14 d在出牧前称量试验羊体重、颈静脉采血，并在称重前和归牧后采集瘤胃液。结果显示：限制饮水显著降低了放牧羊放牧42和56 d时的体重（P<0.05）、血浆中总胆固醇含量（P=0.031）和碱性磷酸酶活性（P=0.024），显著提高了血浆中氯离子（Cl-）浓度（P=0.003），但是对各瘤胃发酵参数均没有显著影响（P>0.05）；同时，限制饮水和放牧天数的交互作用显著影响了试验羊血液pH（P<0.001）和血浆总蛋白（P=0.046）、球蛋白（P=0.035）、尿素氮含量（P<0.001）以及钠离子（Na+）（P=0.005）和钾离子（K+）浓度（P<0.001）。由此得出，本试验条件下，每日限制饮水12 h严重影响了放牧绵羊的生长性能和健康状况，说明提供充足饮水是提高放牧绵羊生长性能的有效措施。

关键词： 限制饮水; 放牧管理; 绵羊; 生长性能; 血液指标

本文引用格式

钟荣珍 , 向海 , 吴端钦 , 孙海霞 , 赵成振 , 房义 . 限制饮水对放牧绵羊生长性能、瘤胃发酵参数和血液指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(9) : 4393 -4401 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.09.050

Abstract

This experiment was to study the effects of water restriction on growth performance, rumen fermentation parameters and blood indices of grazing sheep. Thirty-six healthy Ujumquin male sheep with an average age of (120.0±6.8) days and an average initial body weight (BW) of (19.70±3.72) kg were randomly assigned to two groups, which were free water intake group (as control group, drinking water ad libitum during grazing and after grazing) and water restriction group (no drinking water was provided during grazing and allowed to drink ad libitum after grazing), with 3 replication per group and 6 sheep per replication in a one factor randomized experiment. Adaptation period was 14 days and grazing period was 56 days. All sheep grazed from 06:00 to 18:00 daily. Sheep in each replication were rational grazed in 6 paddocks with an area of 100 m×100 m. Sheep grazed 4 days in each paddock. All sheep were weighed and blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of each lamb before morning grazing and ruminal fluid samples of each sheep were collected before weighting and after grazing every 14 days. The results showed that water restriction significantly decreased BW of grazing sheep when grazing 42 and 56 days (P<0.05), plasma cholesterol content (P=0.031) and alkaline phosphatase activity (P=0.024), significantly increased plasma chloride ion (Cl-) concentration (P=0.003), but did not significantly affect rumen fermentation parameters (P>0.05). Meanwhile, the interaction effect of water restriction and grazing days affected blood pH (P<0.001) and plasma total protein (P=0.046), globulin (P=0.035), urea nitrogen contents (P<0.001), sodium ion (Na+) (P=0.005) and potassium ion (K+) concentrations (P<0.001). In conclusion, under the conditions of this experiment, daily 12 h water restriction significantly affects growth performance and healthy status of grazing sheep, suggesting that providing enough drinking water may be an effective strategy to improve growth performance of grazing sheep.

Key words： water restriction; grazing management; sheep; growth performance; blood indices

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