动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 12: 5684 - 5691

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.12.022

禽营养与饲料 POULTRY NUTRITION AND FEED

大蒜精油对0~4周龄蛋雏鸡生长性能、肠道组织形态、免疫机能和血清生化指标的影响

  • 徐静 ,
  • 陈一凡 ,
  • 王德贺 ,
  • 刘雪露 ,
  • 张鹤 ,
  • 张子儒 ,
  • 刘萌 ,
  • 周荣艳 ,
  • 张世龙 ,
  • 许利军 ,
  • 朱亚昊 ,
  • 陈辉
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  • 1. 河北农业大学动物科技学院, 保定 071001;
    2. 保定市畜牧工作站, 保定 071001
徐静(1996-),女,河北承德人,硕士研究生,从事家禽养殖研究。E-mail:Liangbo19@foxmail.com

收稿日期: 2020-05-24

  网络出版日期: 2020-12-07

基金资助

国家蛋鸡产业技术体系（CARS-40-K20）；农业高质量发展关键共性技术攻关专项（20326609D）；山东省重大创新工程项目（2019JZZY020611）

收起

Effects of Garlic Essential Oil on Growth Performance, Intestinal Tissue Morphology, Immune Function and Serum Biochemical Indexes of 0 to 4-Week-Old Layer Chickens

  • XU Jing ,
  • CHEN Yifan ,
  • WANG Dehe ,
  • LIU Xuelu ,
  • ZHANG He ,
  • ZHANG Ziru ,
  • LIU Meng ,
  • ZHOU Rongyan ,
  • ZHANG Shilong ,
  • XU Lijun ,
  • ZHU Yahao ,
  • CHEN Hui
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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China;
    2. Baoding Livestock Husbandry Workstation, Baoding 071001, China

Received date: 2020-05-24

  Online published: 2020-12-07

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饮水中添加大蒜精油对蛋雏鸡生长性能、肠道组织形态、免疫器官指数和血清生化指标的影响。试验选用1日龄健康状况良好且体重相近的农大三号节粮蛋鸡200只，随机分为4组，每组5个重复，每个重复10只鸡。各组试验鸡饲喂相同的基础饲粮，饮水中大蒜精油浓度分别为0（对照组）、0.04、0.06和0.08 mL/L，试验期为28 d。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，添加不同浓度大蒜精油均可极显著降低料重比（P<0.01），添加0.06和0.08 mL/L大蒜精油可显著提高平均日增重（P<0.05），其中添加0.06 mL/L大蒜精油对料重比和平均日增重的作用效果最明显。2）与对照组相比，添加不同浓度大蒜精油均可极显著提高回肠绒毛高度（P<0.01），且添加0.06 mL/L大蒜精油还可极显著降低回肠隐窝深度（P<0.01），极显著提高十二指肠绒毛高度及回肠和十二指绒隐比（P<0.01）。3）与对照组相比，添加0.06和0.08 mL/L大蒜精油可极显著提高血清免疫球蛋白G含量（P<0.01），且添加0.06 mL/L大蒜精油还可显著提高脾脏指数（P<0.05）。4）与对照组相比，添加0.06和0.08 mL/L大蒜精油可极显著降低血清尿酸含量（P<0.01），并分别极显著（P<0.01）和显著（P<0.05）提高血清超氧化物歧化酶活性。综上所述，在饮水中添加大蒜精油可改善蛋雏鸡十二指肠和回肠的肠道组织形态，提高免疫机能和抗氧化性能，从而提高的生长性能，且添加浓度以0.06 mL/L为宜。

关键词： 大蒜精油; 蛋雏鸡; 生长性能; 肠道组织形态; 免疫机能; 血清生化指标

本文引用格式

徐静 , 陈一凡 , 王德贺 , 刘雪露 , 张鹤 , 张子儒 , 刘萌 , 周荣艳 , 张世龙 , 许利军 , 朱亚昊 , 陈辉 . 大蒜精油对0~4周龄蛋雏鸡生长性能、肠道组织形态、免疫机能和血清生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(12) : 5684 -5691 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.12.022

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of garlic essential oil offered by drinking water on growth performance, intestinal tissue morphology, immune function and serum biochemical indexes of layer chickens. A total of 200 one-day-old China Agricultural University No. 3 layer chickens with good health condition and similar body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups. Each group contained 5 replicates and every replicate had 10 chickens. Layer chickens in the 4 groups were provided with the same basal diet for 28 days, while drinking water were added with 0 (control group), 0.04, 0.06 and 0.08 mL/L garlic essential oil, respectively. The results showed as follows: 1) compared with the control group, adding different concentrations of garlic essential oil could extremely significantly reduce the feed to gain ratio (P<0.01), and adding 0.06 and 0.08 mL/L garlic essential oil could significantly increase the average daily gain (P<0.05), and adding 0.06 mL/L garlic essential oil had the most obvious effect on the feed to gain ratio and average daily gain. 2) Compared with the control group, adding different concentrations of garlic essential oil could extremely significantly increase the villus height of ileum (P<0.01), and adding 0.06 mL/L garlic essential oil could extremely significantly reduce the crypt depth of ileum (P<0.01), and also could extremely significantly increase the villus height of duodenum and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth of ileum and duodenum (P<0.01). 3) Compared with the control group, adding 0.06 and 0.08 mL/L garlic essential oil could extremely significantly increase the serum immunoglobulin G content (P<0.01), in addition, adding 0.06 mL/L garlic essential oil could significantly improve the spleen index (P<0.05). 4) Compared with the control group, adding 0.06 and 0.08 mL/L garlic essential oil could significantly reduce the serum uric acid content (P<0.01), and significantly increase the superoxide dismutase activity (P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively). In conclusion, adding garlic essential oil to the drinking water can improve intestinal tissue morphology of duodenum and ileum, and increase the immune function and antioxidant ability, and then enhance the growth performance of layer chickens. In addition, the suitable concentration of garlic essential oil is 0.06 mL/L.

Key words： garlic essential oil; layer chickens; growth performance; intestinal tissue morphology; immune function; serum biochemical indexes

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