动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 12: 5712 - 5723

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.12.025

反刍与草食动物营养与饲料 RUMINANT AND HERBIVORE NUTRITION AND FEED

饲粮中不同青贮笋壳替代比例对肉羊消化代谢的影响

  • 刘远 ,
  • 吴贤锋 ,
  • 黄勤楼 ,
  • 李文杨
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  • 1. 福建省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 福州 350013;
    2. 福建省农业科学院, 福州 350001
刘远(1985-),男,湖北仙桃人,副研究员,硕士,从事肉羊高效养殖技术研究。E-mail:seayuan521@163.com

收稿日期: 2020-07-05

  网络出版日期: 2020-12-07

基金资助

中央引导地方科技发展专项（2018L3004）；福建省发改委农业"五新"工程项目（fjfgw201806）；福建省省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项（2019R1026-10）；福建省农业科学院科技创新团队（STIT2017-2-1）；福建省农业科学院一般项目（AC2017-2）

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Effects of Different Substitution Ratios of Bamboo Shoot Shell Silage in Diets on Digestion and Metabolism of Mutton Sheep

  • LIU Yuan ,
  • WU Xianfeng ,
  • HUANG Qinlou ,
  • LI Wenyang
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  • 1. Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China;
    2. Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350001, China

Received date: 2020-07-05

  Online published: 2020-12-07

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摘要

为了提高青贮笋壳在肉羊中的利用效率，本研究测定分析了青贮笋壳的常规营养成分，并开展了其在湖羊、努比亚山羊和福清山羊3个肉羊品种上的体内消化代谢试验。试验采用两因素3×4随机区组设计，3个品种肉羊（湖羊、努比亚山羊和福清山羊）分别选取体况良好的7月龄左右生长期羯羊12只，体重分别为（22.18±1.13）kg、（30.32±1.17）kg和（17.09±0.91）kg；将每个品种的12只肉羊随机分为4个处理，分别饲喂基础饲粮（AC）以及以20%（A20）、40%（A40）或60%（A60）青贮笋壳替代基础饲粮的试验饲粮，每个处理3个重复，每个重复1只羊。全收粪、尿法测定饲粮中干物质（DM）、有机物（OM）、粗蛋白质（CP）、总能（GE）、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）和酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）的全肠道表观消化率，分析不同青贮笋壳替代比例对3个品种肉羊氮代谢和能量代谢的影响，并根据替代法原理计算不同青贮笋壳替代比例饲粮中青贮笋壳相应营养物质的全肠道表观消化率和有效能值。结果表明：1）青贮笋壳（DM基础）的GE、CP、粗脂肪（EE）、NDF、ADF、酸性洗涤木质素（ADL）、粗灰分（Ash）、钙（Ca）和磷（P）含量分别为16.99 MJ/kg、9.89%、11.00 g/kg、64.07%、36.01%、5.44%、6.10%、12.30 mg/kg和0.14%，在不同品种肉羊中的消化能（DE）和代谢能（ME）估测值分别为6.01~9.33 MJ/kg和4.93~7.65 MJ/kg。2）肉羊品种对饲粮中DM、OM、GE的全肠道表观消化率以及粪氮、沉积氮、氮沉积率和氮生物学价值具有极显著的影响（P<0.01），青贮笋壳替代比例对饲粮中DM、OM、CP、GE、NDF和ADF的全肠道表观消化率具有极显著的影响（P<0.01）；随着饲粮中青贮笋壳替代比例的增加，湖羊对饲粮中蛋白质成分的消化利用以及努比亚山羊和福清山羊对饲粮中以NDF为主的能量物质和蛋白质成分的消化利用降低；青贮笋壳替代比例不超过40%的条件下，努比亚山羊对饲粮中的CP利用效率最优，其次为湖羊。3）肉羊品种、青贮笋壳替代比例及其交互作用对青贮笋壳中DM、OM、CP、GE、NDF和ADF的全肠道表观消化率和估测的DE和ME均无显著影响（P>0.05）。综上所述，青贮笋壳具有CP含量较高、NDF含量适中、ADF和ADL含量低的特点，是肉羊营养价值较高的植物性非常规饲料资源；不同肉羊品种对青贮笋壳的利用率存在差异，在不同品种肉羊生产中利用时，需要优化饲粮配比，提高利用效率。

关键词： 青贮笋壳; 肉羊; 替代法; 表观消化率

本文引用格式

刘远 , 吴贤锋 , 黄勤楼 , 李文杨 . 饲粮中不同青贮笋壳替代比例对肉羊消化代谢的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(12) : 5712 -5723 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.12.025

Abstract

Common nutrient composition analysis and in vivo digestion tests were used to assess feeding values of bamboo shoot shell silage in Hu sheep, Nubia goats and Fuqing goats. A two factors 3×4 randomized block design was adopted. Three breeds of mutton sheep (Hu sheep, Nubia goats and Fuqing goats) were separately selected twelve healthy growing wethers at 7 months of age, and the body weight were (22.18±1.13) kg, (30.32±1.17) kg and (17.09±0.91) kg, respectively; 12 mutton sheep of each breed were randomly divided into 4 treatments, and fed a basal diet (AC) and experimental diets which replaced the basal diet by 20%(A20), 40%(A40) and 60%(A60) of bamboo shoot shell silage, respectively. Each treatment had 3 replicates and 1 goat per replicate. Total intestinal apparent digestibilities of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), gross energy (GE), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) of diets were measured by total collection of feces and urine. The effects of substitution ratios of bamboo shoot shell silage on nutrient apparent digestibility of three breeds of mutton sheep were analyzed, and total intestinal apparent digestibility and effective energy value of nutrients of bamboo shoot shell silage were calculated according to substitution method. The results showed as follows: 1) GE and the contents of CP, ether extract (EE), NDF, ADF, acid detergent lignin (ADL), crude ash (Ash), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) of bamboo shoot shell silage (DM basis) were 16.99 MJ/kg, 9.89%, 11.00 g/kg, 64.07%, 36.01%, 5.44%, 6.10%, 12.30 mg/kg and 0.14%, respectively. Estimated values of digestive energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) in different breeds of mutton sheep were 6.01 to 9.33 MJ/kg and 4.93 to 7.65 MJ/kg. 2) The total intestinal apparent digestibilities of DM, OM and GE, fecal nitrogen, deposited nitrogen, nitrogen deposition rate and nitrogen biological value of diets were significantly affected by mutton sheep breed (P<0.01). The total intestinal apparent digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, GE, NDF and ADF of diets were significantly affected by substitution ratios of bamboo shoot shell silage (P<0.01). With the increase of substitution ratios of bamboo shoot shell silage in the diets, the digestibility and utilization of protein of diets in Hu sheep and energy substance as NDF and digestion and utilization of protein of diets in other two goat breeds were decreased, respectively. When the substitution ratios of silage shoot shell silage in the diets were less than 40%, Nubia goat had the best CP utilization efficiency, followed by Hu sheep. 3) There was no significant difference in the total intestinal apparent digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, GE, NDF, ADF and estimated values of DE, ME of silage shoot shell silage by mutton sheep breed, substitution ratios of silage shoot shell silage and their interaction (P>0.05). In conclusion, bamboo shoot shell silage is a vegetalitas unconventional feed resource with high feeding value for mutton sheep, as its high CP content, moderate NDF content, low ADF and ADL contents. There are differences in the utilization ratio of bamboo shoot shell silage among different breeds of mutton sheep. When it is used in different breeds, it is necessary to optimize the ration ratio and improve the utilization efficiency.

Key words： bamboo shoot shell silage; mutton sheep; substitution method; apparent digestibility

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