非常规粗饲料在奶牛瘤胃中的降解特性

卢娜; 张彩霞; 韩吉雨; 王蔚; 李胜利

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.12.027

动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 12: 5733 - 5742

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.12.027

反刍与草食动物营养与饲料 RUMINANT AND HERBIVORE NUTRITION AND FEED

非常规粗饲料在奶牛瘤胃中的降解特性

卢娜 ,
张彩霞 ,
韩吉雨 ,
王蔚 ,
李胜利

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1. 中国农业大学动物科技学院, 动物营养学国家重点实验室, 北京市生鲜乳质量安全工程技术研究中心, 北京 100193;
2. 内蒙古伊利实业集团股份有限公司, 呼和浩特 011500

卢娜(1983-),女,河北石家庄人,博士研究生,研究方向为反刍动物营养。E-mail:luna.cau@qq.com

收稿日期: 2020-05-18

网络出版日期: 2020-12-07

基金资助

现代农业（奶牛）产业技术体系建设专项资金（CARS-36）；国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0501600）；宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目（2018BBF33006）

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Degradation Characteristics of Unconventional Roughages in Rumen of Dairy Cows

LU Na ,
ZHANG Caixia ,
HAN Jiyu ,
WANG Wei ,
LI Shengli

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1. College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, Beijing 100193, China;
2. Inner Mongolia Yili Dairy(Group) Co., Ltd., Hohhot 011500, China

Received date: 2020-05-18

Online published: 2020-12-07

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摘要

本试验旨在对5种非常规粗饲料（花生秧、青稞草、荞麦秸秆、蛋白桑青贮和小麦青贮）进行营养价值评定，并研究其在奶牛瘤胃中的降解特性。采用尼龙袋评定法评定5种规粗饲料的干物质（DM）、粗蛋白质（CP）、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）和酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）的72 h动态降解率和有效降解率。结果表明：1）蛋白桑青贮的CP含量最高，显著高于其他粗饲料（P<0.05）；荞麦秸秆的CP含量最低，显著低于其他粗饲料（P<0.05）。荞麦秸秆的NDF和ADF含量均显著高于其他粗饲料（P<0.05）。2）蛋白桑青贮各个时间点的DM降解率和DM有效降解率显著高于其他粗饲料（P<0.05）。3）蛋白桑青贮各个时间点的CP降解率和CP有效降解率显著高于其他粗饲料（P<0.05）；荞麦秸秆各个时间点的CP降解率最低，显著低于其他粗饲料（P<0.05）。4）5种粗饲料的NDF、ADF快速降解部分差异不显著（P>0.05），小麦青贮的NDF和ADF慢速降解部分和有效降解率均显著高于其他粗饲料（P<0.05）。综上所述，蛋白桑青贮的CP瘤胃降解率高，营养价值较高；荞麦秸秆的营养价值相对较差。

关键词： 非常规粗饲料; 瘤胃; 有效降解率

本文引用格式

卢娜 , 张彩霞 , 韩吉雨 , 王蔚 , 李胜利 . 非常规粗饲料在奶牛瘤胃中的降解特性[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(12) : 5733 -5742 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.12.027

Abstract

The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the nutritional value of 5 unconventional roughages (peanut seedlings, barnyard grass, buckwheat straw, protein mulberry silage and wheat silage), and to study the degradation characteristics in rumen of dairy cows. The nylon bag evaluation method was used to evaluate the 72-hour dynamic degradation rate and effective degradability of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF). The results showed as follows: 1) the CP content of protein mulberry silage was the highest, and significantly higher than that of other roughages (P<0.05); the CP content of buckwheat straw was the lowest, and significantly lower than that of other roughages (P<0.05). The NDF and ADF contents of buckwheat straw were significantly higher than those of other roughages (P<0.05). 2) The DM degradation rates at each time point and DM effective degradability of protein mulberry silage were significantly higher than those of other roughages (P<0.05). 3) The CP degradation rates at each time point and CP effective degradability of protein mulberry silage were significantly higher than those of other roughages (P<0.05); the CP degradation rates at each time point of buckwheat straw were the lowest, and significantly lower than that of other roughages (P<0.05). 4) The fraction of immediately degraded of NDF and ADF of 5 roughages had no significant difference (P>0.05), and the fraction of slowly degraded and effective degradability of NDF and ADF of wheat silage were significantly higher than those of other roughages (P<0.05). In summary, the CP protein degradation rate of protein mulberry silage is high, and the nutritional value is high; while the nutritional value of buckwheat straw is relatively poor.

Key words： unconventional roughages; rumen; effective degradability

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