动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 12: 5985 - 5993

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.12.053

研究简报 SHORT COMMUNICATION

3种添加剂对花鲈消化酶活力、前肠组织结构及营养物质表观消化率的影响

  • 陈晓瑛 ,
  • 伏枥龙 ,
  • 王国霞 ,
  • 黄燕华 ,
  • 孙育平 ,
  • 赵红霞 ,
  • 曹俊明
展开
  • 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所, 农业农村部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室, 广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室, 广州 510640
陈晓瑛(1987-),女,福建漳平人,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事水产动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:524852502@qq.com

收稿日期: 2020-05-27

  网络出版日期: 2020-12-07

基金资助

广东省促进经济发展专项资金海洋经济发展项目（GD0E[2019]A22）；科技创新战略专项资金（高水平农科院建设）（201614TD）

收起

Effects of 3 Additives on Digestive Enzyme Activities, Organizational Structure of Foregut and Nutrient Apparent Digestibility of Japanese Sea Bass (Lateolabrax japonicus)

  • CHEN Xiaoying ,
  • FU Lilong ,
  • WANG Guoxia ,
  • HUANG Yanhua ,
  • SUN Yuping ,
  • ZHAO Hongxia ,
  • CAO Junming
Expand
  • Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China

Received date: 2020-05-27

  Online published: 2020-12-07

Fold

摘要

本试验旨在研究饲料中添加复合核苷酸、植酸酶或复合芽孢杆菌对花鲈消化酶活力、前肠组织结构及营养物质表观消化率的影响。选取320尾初始体质量为（13.50±0.09）g的花鲈幼鱼，随机分成4组，每组4个重复，每个重复20尾。对照组（G0组）饲喂基础饲料，3个试验组分别饲喂在基础饲料中添加0.06%复合核苷酸（G1组）、0.04%植酸酶（G2组）、0.10%复合芽孢杆菌（G3组）的试验饲料。饲养周期为56 d。结果显示：各试验组前肠、肝脏和胃的蛋白酶活力与G0相比无显著差异（P>0.05）。G2组的肝脏淀粉酶活力显著高于G0组（P<0.05）；G1组的前肠脂肪酶活力显著低于G0组（P<0.05）；各组间前肠和胃淀粉酶、肝脏和胃脂肪酶活力差异不显著（P>0.05）。饲料中添加3种添加剂均能显著增加前肠肌层厚度和绒毛高度（P<0.05），增加固有层和上皮细胞间的紧密度，其中以植酸酶效果最为显著。与G0组相比，G1组的干物质表观消化率显著升高（P<0.05）；粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和总能表观消化率各组间差异不显著（P>0.05）。与G0组相比，G1和G3组粗灰分表观消化率显著升高（P<0.05），G2组粗灰分表观消化率则显著降低（P<0.05）。由此可见，饲料中添加植酸酶能显著提高花鲈肝脏淀粉酶活力和干物质表观消化率，显著降低粗灰分表观消化率；饲料中添加复合核苷酸能显著降低花鲈前肠脂肪酶活力，显著提高粗灰分表观表消化率；此外，饲料中添加复合核苷酸、植酸酶或复合芽孢杆菌均能改善花鲈前肠组织结构。

关键词： 花鲈; 核苷酸; 植酸酶; 芽孢杆菌; 消化酶; 营养物质表观消化率

本文引用格式

陈晓瑛 , 伏枥龙 , 王国霞 , 黄燕华 , 孙育平 , 赵红霞 , 曹俊明 . 3种添加剂对花鲈消化酶活力、前肠组织结构及营养物质表观消化率的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(12) : 5985 -5993 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.12.053

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of diet supplemented with nucleotides, phytase or complex bacillus on digestive enzyme activities, the organizational structure of foregut and nutrient apparent digestibility of Japanese sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus). A total of 320 juvenile Lateolabrax japonicus with an initial body weight of (13.50±0.09) g were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 20 fish per replicate. Fish in control group (group G0) were fed a basal diet, and those in 3 trial groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.06% nucleotides (group G1), 0.04% phytase (group G2) and 0.10% complex bacillus (group G3), respectively. The experiment lasted for 56 d. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the protease activity of foregut, liver and stomach in the 3 trial groups compared with group G0 (P>0.05). The activity of liver amylase in group G2 was significantly higher than that in group G0 (P<0.05). The activity of foregut lipase in group G1 was significantly lower than that in G0 group (P<0.05). But there were no significant differences in the activities of liver, stomach lipase and foregut and stomach amylase among all groups (P>0.05). Diet supplemented with 3 additives all could improve the thickness of muscular layer and villus height of foregut, and also could increase the tight between the inherent layer and epithelial cells, and the phytase had the most dramatic effect. Compared with group G0, the apparent digestibility of dry matter in group G1 was significantly increased (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the apparent digestibility of crude protein, crude fat and gross energy among all groups (P>0.05). The apparent digestibility of ash in groups G1 and G3 was significantly increased compared with group G0 (P<0.05), but that in group G2 was significantly decreased (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary phytase can significantly increase the amylase activity of liver and the apparent digestibility of dry matter of Lateolabrax japonicus; dietary nucleotides can significantly decrease the lipase activity of foregut and significantly increase the apparent digestibility of ash of Lateolabrax japonicus; in addition, dietary nucleotides, phytase or bacillus all can improve the organizational structure of foregut of Lateolabrax japonicus.

Key words： Lateolabrax japonicus; nucleotide; phytase; bacillus; digestive enzyme activities; nutrient apparent digestibility

参考文献

[1] 张颖.植物蛋白替代饲料鱼粉对花鲈营养代谢和肝脏健康的影响[D].硕士学位论文.哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2019.
[2] 杨航,张国奇,周陆,等.复合酶制剂对草鱼生长性能、营养物质利用及肠道组织形态的影响[J].动物营养学报,2019,31(11):5262-5273.
[3] 王国霞,孙育平,牛凤池,等.外源酶制剂对黄颡鱼稚鱼消化酶活性、消化率及粪便氮磷含量的影响[J].广东海洋大学学报,2017,37(6):19-25.
[4] 赵红霞,曹俊明,黄燕华,等.饲料中添加核苷酸对黄颡鱼生长性能、生理指标和抗氧化功能的影响[C]//第九届世界华人鱼虾营养学术研讨会论文摘要集.厦门:中国水产学会水产动物营养与饲料专业委员会,2013:412.
[5] 李军亮,杨奇慧,谭北平,等.低鱼粉饲料添加枯草芽孢杆菌对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼生长、消化酶活性、抗氧化酶活性及其mRNA表达的影响[J].水产学报,2019,43(4):1126-1137.
[6] 付晶晶,黄燕华,曹俊明,等.花鲈对6种饲料原料的表观消化率[J].饲料研究,2014(3):48-54.
[7] 王国霞,付晶晶,黄燕华,等.5种植物蛋白源替代鱼粉对花鲈生长性能和消化酶活性的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2014,53(4):866-870.
[8] LOWRY H O,ROSEBROUGH N J,FARR A L,et al.Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent[J].Journal of Biological Chemistry,1951,193(1):265-275.
[9] FURNÉ M,HIDALGO M C,LÓPEZ A,et al.Digestive enzyme activities in Adriatic sturgeon Acipenser naccarii and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss.A comparative study[J].Aquaculture,2005,1/2(250):391-398.
[10] HOSEINIFAR S H,DADAR M,RINGØ E.Modulation of nutrient digestibility and digestive enzyme activities in aquatic animals:the functional feed additives scenario[J].Aquaculture Research,2017,48(8):3987-4000.  
[11] ZHOU P P,WANG M Q,XIE F J,et al.Effects of dietary carbohydrate to lipid ratios on growth performance,digestive enzyme and hepatic carbohydrate metabolic enzyme activities of large yellow croaker (Larmichthys crocea)[J].Aquaculture,2016,452:45-51.
[12] 王锐,王春维,李星燕,等.外源核苷酸对异育银鲫幼鱼消化酶活性的影响[J].中国水产,2008(3):70-72.
[13] 邹青.促摄食物质对吉富罗非鱼摄食、生长的影响及机制研究[D].博士学位论文.广州:华南农业大学,2016.
[14] 姜光丽,周小秋.大豆分离蛋白对幼建鲤肝胰脏发育及消化道蛋白酶活力的影响[J].大连水产学院学报,2005(3):198-202.
[15] SHI Z,LI X Q,CHOWDHURY M A K,et al.Effects of protease supplementation in low fish meal pelleted and extruded diets on growth,nutrient retention and digestibility of gibel carp,Carassius auratus gibelio[J].Aquaculture,2016,460:37-44.
[16] 朱丽英.植酸酶对异育银鲫生长、内源酶及肌肉成分的影响[D].硕士学位论文.南京:南京农业大学,2006.
[17] 王国霞,孙育平,牛凤池,等.外源酶制剂对黄颡鱼稚鱼消化酶活性、消化率及粪便氮磷含量的影响[J].广东海洋大学学报,2017,37(6):19-25.
[18] 鲁媛媛.外源植酸酶和非淀粉多糖酶对大菱鲆幼鱼生长和代谢机能的影响[D].硕士学位论文.大连:大连海洋大学,2014.
[19] 孟祥科,孙阳,屈菲,等.植酸酶对红鳍东方鲀幼鱼生长、消化酶及消化率的影响[J].大连海洋大学学报,2013,28(4):323-328.
[20] 黎军胜,李建林,吴婷婷.外源酶和柠檬酸对奥尼罗非鱼内源消化酶活性的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2005,28(3):97-101.
[21] 张璐,艾庆辉,麦康森,等.植酸酶和非淀粉多糖酶对鲈鱼生长和消化酶活性的影响[J].水生生物学报,2009,33(1):82-88.
[22] 李卫芬,沈涛,陈南南,等.饲料中添加枯草芽孢杆菌对草鱼消化酶活性和肠道菌群的影响[J].大连海洋大学学报,2012,27(3):221-225.
[23] 刘波,刘文斌,王恬.地衣芽孢杆菌对异育银鲫消化机能和生长的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2005,28(4):80-84.
[24] 鞠守勇,李金山.枯草芽孢杆菌对草鱼生长性能、肠道消化酶及抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].淡水渔业,2018,48(5):99-105.
[25] 张小谷,洪一江,汪洪.四种淡水鱼类前肠的组织学比较研究[J].南昌大学学报(理科版),1999(4):339-342.
[26] 苗新,曹娟娟,徐玮,等.核苷酸对大黄鱼生长性能、肠道形态和抗氧化能力的影响[J].水产学报,2014,38(8):1140-1148.
[27] 许丹丹,曹俊明,黄燕华,等.饲料中添加核苷酸对凡纳滨对虾幼虾生长、肠道形态及抗氧化酶活力的影响[J].中国水产科学,2011,18(5):1115-1124.
[28] RAMOS L V,PEDROSA V F,MORI A,et al.Ex-ogenous enzyme complex prevents intestinal soybean meal induced enteritis in Mugil liza (Valenciennes,1836) juvenile[J].Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências,2017,89(1):341-353.  
[29] 杨航,张国奇,周陆,等.复合酶制剂对草鱼生长性能、营养物质利用及肠道组织形态的影响[J].动物营养学报,2019,31(11):5262-5273.
[30] PIRARAT N,PINPIMAI K,ENDO M,et al.Modulation of intestinal morphology and immunity in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG[J].Research in veterinary Science.2011,91(3):92-97.
[31] 黄灵,李小梅,舒琥,等.两种微生态制剂对虎龙斑体成分、肠道消化酶及组织学结构的影响[J].饲料工业,2018,39(12):24-32.
[32] HOSSAIN S M,KOSHIO S,ISHIKAWA M,et al.Dietary effects of adenosine monophosphate to enhance growth,digestibility,innate immune responses and stress resistance of juvenile red sea bream,Pagrus major[J].Fish & Shellfish Immunology,2016,56:523-533.
[33] 陈冰,齐飞,黄燕华,等.豆粕和花生粕部分替代鱼粉添加四种添加剂对凡纳滨对虾饲料表观消化率的影响[J].饲料工业,2014,35(20):19-24.
[34] UAUY R.Dietary nucleotides and requirements in early life[M].New York:Raven Press,1989.
[35] HU L,CHE L,PENG X,et al.Dietary nucleotides supplementation improves the intestinal development and immune function of low birth weight piglets[J].Journal of Animal Science,2016,94(Suppl.5):843.
[36] 郑欣,徐树德,唐启峰,等.低磷低鱼粉饲料中添加植酸酶和蛋白酶对草鱼生长性能和消化生理的影响[J].动物营养学报,2020,32(4):1788-1799.
[37] ADEOYE A A,YOMLA R,JARAMILLO-TORRES A,et al.Combined effects of exogenous enzymes and probiotic on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) growth,intestinal morphology and microbiome[J].Aquaculture,2016,463:61-70.
[38] 许国焕,吴月嫦,付天玺,等.微生物制剂对奥尼罗非鱼生长及饲料表观消化率的影响[J].中国饲料,2008(21):26-28.
[39] 於叶兵,江世贵,林黑着,等.芽孢杆菌对斑节对虾饲料表观消化率的影响[J].中国水产科学,2007(6):919-925.
[40] 季奎文,吕学敏,刘东田.动物益生素凝结芽孢杆菌的开发与应用[J].兽药与饲料添加剂.2006(6):17-18.
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉

    联系我们

  • 地址：北京市海淀区圆明园西路2号
    　　　中国农业大学动科动医大楼153室
  • 邮编：100193
  • 电话：010－62817823
  • 网址：http://www.chinajan.com
  • E-mail：cjan@chinajan.com
京公网安备 11010802041926号    京ICP备17050989号-2