动物营养学报 >

2021 , Vol. 33 >Issue 1: 227 - 235

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.01.024

猪营养与饲料 SWINE NUTRITION AND FEED

不同能量和蛋白质水平饲粮交替饲喂对妊娠母猪繁殖性能、血浆激素含量及抗氧化指标的影响

  • 张正敏 ,
  • 芦春莲 ,
  • 李尚 ,
  • 曹洪战 ,
  • 赵玉萍 ,
  • 李佳
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  • 河北农业大学动物科技学院, 保定 071001
张正敏(1994-),女,河北邯郸人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学。E-mail:zhengmin0821@foxmail.com

收稿日期: 2020-06-22

  网络出版日期: 2021-01-18

基金资助

河北省生猪产业技术体系营养与饲料岗位（HBCT2018110203）；河北省科技厅项目（16226612D）；河北省科技厅项目（15226301d）；石家庄市科技项目（151500242A）

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Effects of Alternate Feeding of Diets with Different Energy and Protein Levels on Reproductive Performance, Plasma Hormone Contents and Antioxidant Indexes of Pregnant Sows

  • ZHANG Zhengmin ,
  • LU Chunlian ,
  • LI Shang ,
  • CAO Hongzhan ,
  • ZHAO Yuping ,
  • LI Jia
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  • College of Animal Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China

Received date: 2020-06-22

  Online published: 2021-01-18

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摘要

本试验旨在探究不同能量和蛋白质水平饲粮交替饲喂对妊娠母猪繁殖性能、血浆激素含量及抗氧化指标的影响。试验分为2个阶段，配制6种试验饲粮，妊娠前期试验饲粮：低能量低蛋白质水平饲粮（12.54 MJ/kg、15.55%）、中能量中蛋白质水平饲粮（13.27 MJ/kg、16.47%）、高能量高蛋白质水平饲粮（13.44 MJ/kg、17.86%）；妊娠后期试验饲粮：低能量低蛋白质水平饲粮（12.73 MJ/kg、15.96%）、中能量中蛋白质水平饲粮（13.27 MJ/kg、16.47%）、高能量高蛋白质水平饲粮（13.84 MJ/kg、18.13%）。选取2胎、体重相近的加系大白母猪48头，随机分为对照组（早上饲喂中能量中蛋白质水平饲粮，下午饲喂中能量中蛋白质水平饲粮）、试验Ⅰ组（早上饲喂低能量低蛋白质水平饲粮，下午饲喂高能量高蛋白质水平饲粮）、试验Ⅱ组（早上饲喂高能量高蛋白质水平饲粮，下午饲喂低能量低蛋白质水平饲粮），每组16个重复，每个重复1头母猪。每天饲喂2次。妊娠前期中能量中蛋白质水平饲粮每次饲喂1.125 kg，低能量低蛋白质水平饲粮每次饲喂1.150 kg，高能量高蛋白质水平饲粮每次饲喂1.140 kg；妊娠后期中能量中蛋白质水平饲粮每次饲喂1.805 kg，低能量低蛋白质水平饲粮每次饲喂1.800 kg，高能量高蛋白质水平饲粮每次饲喂1.800 kg。试验期114 d。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，试验Ⅰ组妊娠36~90 d的平均日增重（ADG）显著增加（P<0.05）；试验Ⅰ组总产仔数高于对照组（P>0.05）；试验Ⅰ组活仔数高于对照组（P>0.05）。2）与对照组相比，试验Ⅰ组妊娠35 d的血浆过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性显著升高（P<0.05），试验Ⅰ组妊娠80 d的血浆CAT活性极显著升高（P<0.01），且试验Ⅰ组较试验Ⅱ组显著升高（P<0.05）；与对照组相比，试验Ⅱ组妊娠80 d的血浆丙二醛（MDA）含量极显著降低（P<0.01），试验Ⅰ组妊娠35 d的血浆MDA含量显著高于试验Ⅱ组（P<0.05）。3）与对照组相比，试验Ⅰ组妊娠80 d的血浆瘦素（LEP）含量显著升高（P<0.05）；试验组妊娠105 d的血浆胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ（IGF-Ⅰ）含量极显著低于对照组（P<0.01）。综上所述，与早、晚饲喂相同营养水平饲粮相比，早、晚交替饲喂不同能量和蛋白质水平饲粮可提高妊娠母猪的繁殖性能，影响血浆中激素含量和抗氧化指标。

关键词： 能量; 蛋白质; 交替饲喂; 母猪; 繁殖性能; 生化指标

本文引用格式

张正敏 , 芦春莲 , 李尚 , 曹洪战 , 赵玉萍 , 李佳 . 不同能量和蛋白质水平饲粮交替饲喂对妊娠母猪繁殖性能、血浆激素含量及抗氧化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(1) : 227 -235 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.01.024

Abstract

This study was conducted to analysis the effects of alternating feeding of diets with different energy and protein levels on the reproductive performance, plasma hormone contents and antioxidant indexes of pregnant sows. The experiment was divided into 2 stages, and 6 kinds of test diets were prepared. Diets of pre-gestation period: low energy and low protein level diet (12.54 MJ/kg, 15.55%), medium energy and medium protein level diet (13.27 MJ/kg, 6.47%), high energy and high protein level diet (13.44 MJ/kg, 7.86%); diets of late gestation period: low energy and low protein level diet (12.73 MJ/kg, 15.96%), medium energy and medium protein level diet (13.27 MJ/kg, 16.47%), high energy and high protein level diet (13.84 MJ/kg, 18.13%). Forth-eight Canadian white sows with similar weights and second fetuses were selected and divided into three groups: control group (feeding medium energy and medium protein level diet in the morning, feeding medium energy and medium protein level diet in the afternoon), test group Ⅰ (feeding low energy and protein level diet in the morning, feeding high energy and high protein level diet in the afternoon), test group Ⅱ (feeding high energy and protein level diet in the morning, feeding low energy and low protein level diet in the afternoon), and each group will consisted of 16 replications with 1 sow per replication. In the pre-gestation period, 1.125 kg of medium energy and medium protein level diet was fed, 1.150 kg of low energy and low protein level diet was fed, 1.140 kg of high energy and high protein level diet was fed each time; in the late gestation period, 1.805 kg of medium energy and medium protein level diet was fed, 1.800 kg for low energy and low protein level diet was fed, 1.800 kg of high energy and high protein level diet was fed each time. This experiment lasted for 114 days. The results showed as follows: 1) compared with the control group, the average daily gain (ADG) of test group Ⅰ increased significantly from 36 to 90 d of gestation (P<0.01). The total litter size of test group Ⅰ was higher than that of control group (P>0.05); the live birth number in test group Ⅰ was higher than that in control group (P>0.05). 2) Compared with the control group, the plasma catalase (CAT) activity in test group Ⅰ increased significantly at 35 d of gestation (P<0.05), and the plasma CAT activity in the test group Ⅰ had a extremely significance at 80 d of gestation (P<0.01), and test group Ⅰ was significantly higher than test that of group Ⅱ (P<0.05); compared with the control group, the plasma malonaldehyde (MDA) content in test group Ⅱ was significantly reduced at 80 d of gestation (P<0.01). At the 35 d of gestation, the plasma MDA content of test group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that of test group Ⅱ (P<0.05). 3) Compared with the control group, the plasma leptin (LEP) content was significantly increased at 80 d of gestation in test group Ⅰ (P<0.05); the plasma insulin like growth factor-Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ) content in test groups at 105 d of gestation was significantly lower than that of control group (P<0.01). In conclusion, compared with the same nutritional level in the morning and evening, the alternate feeding of diets with different energy and protein levels in the morning and evening can improve the reproductive performance of pregnant sows and affect the plasma hormone contents and antioxidant indexes.

Key words： energy; protein; alternate feeding; sow; reproductive performance; biochemical index

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