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妊娠后期与泌乳期母猪肠道微生物多样性研究

  • 王仁杰 ,
  • 贺宇 ,
  • 张云常 ,
  • 雷燕 ,
  • 吕继蓉 ,
  • 王晓龙 ,
  • 武振龙
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  • 1. 中国农业大学动物科学技术学院, 北京 100193;
    2. 成都大帝汉克生物科技有限公司, 成都 611130;
    3. 河南银发牧业有限公司, 郑州 451100
王仁杰(1986-),男,四川成都人,博士研究生,动物营养与饲料科学专业。E-mail:rjwang86@126.com

收稿日期: 2020-06-23

  网络出版日期: 2021-01-18

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(31625025)

A Study on Intestinal Microbiota Diversity of Sows during Late Gestation and Lactation Periods

  • WANG Renjie ,
  • HE Yu ,
  • ZHANG Yunchang ,
  • LEI Yan ,
  • LYU Jirong ,
  • WANG Xiaolong ,
  • WU Zhenlong
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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
    2. Chengdu Dadhank Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Chengdu 611130, China;
    3. Henan Yinfa Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 451100, China

Received date: 2020-06-23

  Online published: 2021-01-18

摘要

本试验旨在研究妊娠后期和泌乳期母猪肠道微生物多样性。选取6头健康、背膘厚与分娩日期相近的第2胎次大白母猪,分别于妊娠期第93天(G93)和第100天(G100)以及泌乳期第14天(L14)和第21天(L21)取其直肠粪样,用Illumina HiSeq测序技术分析微生物多样性。结果显示:1)从6头母猪的24份样品中共获得875 732条有效序列、1 298个操作分类单元(OTU),分别有1 181个和429个OTU可以注释到门和属水平。2)在alpha多样性方面,与G93和G100时相比,L14和L21时的OTU数显著下降(P<0.05);L21时的Chao1、Observed species和Shannon指数显著低于G100时(P<0.05);与G93时相比,L21时的Simpson指数显著降低(P<0.05)。3)在beta多样性方面,G93和G100时的微生物组成相似,L14和L21时的微生物组成相似,但妊娠后期与泌乳期肠道微生物组成差异较大。4)4个时间点共有微生物OTU 809个,可分别注释到13个门和69个属。5)在门水平上,4个时间点的优势菌门均为厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门和螺旋菌门,这3个门的菌数占各时间点总菌数的93.20%以上;与G93时相比,L21时广古菌门的相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。6)在属水平上,4个时间点的优势菌属均是普雷沃氏菌属、乳酸菌属和密螺旋体属;乳酸菌属的相对丰度在L21时显著高于G93时(P<0.05);梭状芽胞杆菌属Ⅹ Ⅳa的相对丰度在L14和L21时显著低于G93时(P<0.05)。由此可见,与妊娠后期相比,泌乳期母猪肠道微生物多样性下降;妊娠后期与泌乳期母猪肠道的优势菌门均为厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门和螺旋菌门,其微生物组成相对稳定。

本文引用格式

王仁杰 , 贺宇 , 张云常 , 雷燕 , 吕继蓉 , 王晓龙 , 武振龙 . 妊娠后期与泌乳期母猪肠道微生物多样性研究[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(1) : 537 -545 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.01.054

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the diversity of the intestinal microbiota of sows during the late gestation and lactation periods. Six healthy Yorkshire sows (second parity) with similar backfat thickness and farrowing date were selected, and the fecal samples were collected from rectum on day 93 (G93) and day 100 (G100) of gestation, day 14 (L14) and day 21 (L21) of lactation, respectively. Microbiota diversity of fecal samples was analyzed by using Illumina HiSeq technology. The results showed as follows: 1) a total of 875 732 clean reads and 1 298 operational taxonomic units (OTU) were acquired by sequencing 24 fecal samples of 6 sows, and 1 181 and 429 OTU could be annotated at the phylum and genus levels, respectively. 2) In the aspect of alpha diversity, compared with the G93 and G100, the OTU number of L14 and L21 was significantly decreased (P<0.05); the Chao1, Observed species and Shannon indexes of L21 were significantly lower than those of G100 (P<0.05). Simpson index of L21 was lower than that of G93 (P<0.05). 3) In the aspect of beta diversity, the composition of microbiota was similar between G93 and G100, so was it between L14 and L21. However, there was a quite difference in microbiota composition between the late gestation period and the lactation period. 4) G93, G100, L14 and L21 shared 809 OTU, which could be annotated to 13 phyla and 69 genera, respectively. 5) At the phylum level, the top 3 dominant phyla were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Spirochaetes, accounted for more than 93.20% of the total bacteria in each time point. The relative abundance of Euryarchaeota in L21 was significantly lower than that in G93 (P<0.05). 6) At the genus level, the top 3 dominant genera were Prevotella, Lactobacillus and Treponema. The relative abundance of Lactobacillus in L21 was significantly higher than that in G93 (P<0.05). The relative abundance of ClostridiumⅩ Ⅳa in L14 and L21 were significantly lower than that in G93 (P<0.05). In conclusion, intestinal microbiota diversity of sows during lactation period is decreased comparing with that of the sows during the late gestation. The dominant phyla are Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Spirochaete, and the microbiota composition is relatively stable during the late gestation and lactation periods.

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