综述 REVIEW

植物天然产物抑制细菌脲酶活性的研究进展

  • 张震宇 ,
  • 赵圣国 ,
  • 郑楠 ,
  • 王加启
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  • 1. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 动物营养学国家重点实验室, 北京 100193;
    2. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 农业部奶及奶制品质量安全控制重点实验室, 北京 100193
张震宇(1996-),男,江西九江人,硕士研究生,从事反刍动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:zzy123779@126.com

收稿日期: 2020-08-09

  网络出版日期: 2021-03-18

基金资助

中国农业科学院农业科技创新工程重大产出科研选题(CAAS-ZDXT2019004);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-36);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAS12)

Research Progress in Plant Natural Products as Bacterial Urease Inhibitors

  • ZHANG Zhenyu ,
  • ZHAO Shengguo ,
  • ZHENG Nan ,
  • WANG Jiaqi
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  • 1. Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100193, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2020-08-09

  Online published: 2021-03-18

Supported by

 

摘要

反刍动物瘤胃中细菌脲酶活性强,导致氨的释放速率过快,影响微生物蛋白合成效率,进而影响反刍动物对微生物蛋白的利用。瘤胃中过量的氨经瘤胃壁吸收入血,造成反刍动物血液pH的改变,引起动物氨中毒。经瘤胃壁吸收的氨在肝脏中重新合成尿素,其中一部分尿素被动物排出,对环境造成污染。因此,开发脲酶抑制剂对于饲料利用、动物生产以及环境保护均具有重要意义。植物天然产物是低生物毒性、副作用小的脲酶抑制剂的理想来源之一。近年来,研究发现了一系列具有脲酶抑制作用的植物天然产物。通过构效关系解析,这些植物天然产物化合物极大地丰富了具有脲酶抑制活性的化学骨架结构。本文对具有脲酶抑制活性的植物天然产物化合物进行了分类综述,探讨了不同类别的脲酶抑制剂的构效关系与抑制模式,旨在为开发新型脲酶抑制剂提供参考。

本文引用格式

张震宇 , 赵圣国 , 郑楠 , 王加启 . 植物天然产物抑制细菌脲酶活性的研究进展[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(3) : 1306 -1317 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.03.014

Abstract

The overactive urease activity of ruminal microbiota leads to the excessive release rate of ammonia. This could reduce the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis, which in turn lower the utilization of microbial proteins by ruminants. Urease inhibitor bind to the active site of the urease and inhibit urease activity. Compared with physical coating methods and chemical synthesis methods, urease inhibitors have the advantage of simultaneously controlling the decomposition of exogenous and endogenous urea. Thus, it has great application potential. However, the current urease inhibitors have some problems such as strong biological toxicity and strong side effects, which limits the application of urease inhibitors. Plant extracts are one of the ideal sources of urease inhibitors with low biological toxicity and low side effects. In recent years, with the development of chemical purification technology, a series of plant extracts with urease inhibition bioactivity have been obtained. Through the structure-activity relationship analysis, these new compounds greatly enriched the urease inhibitory chemical skeleton structures. This article summarizes the plant extracts with urease inhibitory activity into categories and the structure-activity relationship and inhibition mode of different types of urease inhibitors, which aims to provide a reference for the development of novel urease inhibitors.

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