动物营养学报 >

2021 , Vol. 33 >Issue 3: 1408 - 1417

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.03.023

禽营养与饲料 POULTRY NUTRITION AND FEED

不同桉树精油添加水平对笼养白羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫机能和抗氧化机能的影响

  • 秦国栋 ,
  • 谭子超 ,
  • 周东 ,
  • 孙强 ,
  • 李金宝 ,
  • 王述柏
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  • 1. 青岛农业大学动物科技学院, 青岛 266000;
    2. 山东民和牧业股份有限公司, 蓬莱 265600;
    3. 青岛市即墨区畜牧发展服务中心, 青岛 266000;
    4. 山东龙昌动物保健品有限公司, 德州 253000
秦国栋(1996-),男,山东威海人,硕士研究生,动物科学专业。E-mail:1127218939@qq.com

收稿日期: 2020-08-24

  网络出版日期: 2021-03-18

基金资助

国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0501403-2.2）；山东省现代农业产业技术体系家禽产业创新团队建设项目（SDAIT-11-14）

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Effects of Different Supplemental Levels of Eucalyptus Essential Oil on Growth Performance, Immune Function and Antioxidant Function of Caged White Feathered Broilers

  • QIN Guodong ,
  • TAN Zichao ,
  • ZHOU Dong ,
  • SUN Qiang ,
  • LI Jinbao ,
  • WANG Shubai
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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266000, China;
    2. Shandong Minhe Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Penglai 265600, China;
    3. Animal Husbandry Development Service Center in Jimo District of Qingdao, Qingdao 266000, China;
    4. Shandong Longchang Animal Health Products Co., Ltd., Dezhou 253000, China

Received date: 2020-08-24

  Online published: 2021-03-18

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摘要

本试验旨在探究饲粮中添加不同水平桉树精油对笼养白羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫机能和抗氧化机能的影响。选择300只1日龄爱拔益加肉鸡公雏，随机分为6组，每组5个重复，每个重复10只鸡。Ⅰ组为对照组，饲喂基础饲粮；Ⅱ~Ⅵ组分别在基础饲粮中添加50、75、100、125和150 mg/kg桉树精油，试验期42 d。结果表明：1）1~21日龄，Ⅱ~Ⅴ组肉鸡21日龄时平均体重显著或极显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05或P<0.01），Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组肉鸡平均日增重极显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.01），Ⅱ~Ⅵ组料重比显著或极显著低于Ⅰ组（P<0.05或P<0.01），Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组料重比极显著低于Ⅵ组（P<0.01）；1~42日龄，Ⅳ组肉鸡42日龄时平均体重显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05），Ⅳ组肉鸡平均日增重显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05），Ⅳ组料重比显著低于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）。2）各组之间肉鸡脾脏指数、法氏囊指数和血清新城疫抗体效价无显著差异（P>0.05）。3）21日龄时，Ⅴ组肉鸡血清总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）活性显著或极显著高于Ⅰ~Ⅲ组（P<0.05或P<0.01），Ⅵ组肉鸡血清T-SOD活性显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）；Ⅱ~Ⅵ组肉鸡血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性显著或极显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05或P<0.01）；Ⅳ~Ⅵ组肉鸡血清丙二醛（MDA）含量极显著低于Ⅰ组（P<0.01），Ⅴ组肉鸡血清MDA含量显著或极显著低于Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组和Ⅵ组（P<0.05）。42日龄时，Ⅴ组肉鸡血清T-SOD活性最高，显著或极显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组（P<0.05或P<0.01），Ⅳ组和Ⅵ组显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）；Ⅳ组肉鸡血清GSH-Px活性显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）；Ⅳ组和Ⅴ组肉鸡血清MDA含量显著或极显著低于Ⅰ~Ⅲ组（P<0.05或P<0.01），Ⅲ组和Ⅵ组显著或极显著低于Ⅰ组（P<0.05或P<0.01）。4）回归分析显示，饲粮中添加95.25~105.00 mg/kg桉树精油，肉鸡生长前期（1~21日龄）生长性能最佳；饲粮中添加105.83~115.00 mg/kg桉树精油，肉鸡生长全期（1~42日龄）生长性能最佳；肉鸡抗氧化机能最佳的桉树精油添加水平，生长前期为151.13~205.60 mg/kg，生长后期（22~42日龄）为93.38~158.57 mg/kg。综上所述，在饲粮中添加适宜水平的桉树精油可显著提高笼养白羽肉鸡生长性能和抗氧化机能，饲粮中桉树精油适宜添加水平为105.00 mg/kg。

关键词： 桉树精油; 白羽肉鸡; 生长性能; 免疫机能; 抗氧化机能

本文引用格式

秦国栋 , 谭子超 , 周东 , 孙强 , 李金宝 , 王述柏 . 不同桉树精油添加水平对笼养白羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫机能和抗氧化机能的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(3) : 1408 -1417 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.03.023

Abstract

The purpose of this experiment was to explore the effects of different supplemental levels of eucalyptus essential oil on growth performance, immune function and antioxidant function of caged white feathered broilers. A total of 300 Arbor Acres male broilers of one-day old were randomly divided into 6 groups with 5 replicates in each group and 10 chicks in each replicate. The broilers in the group Ⅰ were fed a basal diet, and those in groups Ⅱ to Ⅵ were fed the basal diet supplemented with 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150 mg/kg eucalyptus essential oil, respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The results showed as follows: 1) from 1 to 21 days of age, the average body weight of broilers at 21 days of age in groups Ⅱ to Ⅴ was significantly or extremely significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the average daily gain of broilers in group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ was extremely significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.01), the feed to gain ratio in groups Ⅱ to Ⅵ was significantly or extremely significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and that in group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ was extremely significantly lower than that in group Ⅵ (P<0.01). From 1 to 42 days of age, the average body weight of broilers at 42 days of age in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05), the average daily gain of broilers in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05), and the feed to gain ratio in group Ⅳ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05). 2) There was no significant difference in spleen index, bursa of Fabricius index and serum Newcastle disease antibody titer of broilers among groups (P>0.05). 3) At 21 days of age, the serum total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity of broilers in group Ⅴ was significantly or extremely significantly higher than that in groups Ⅰ to Ⅲ (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and that in group Ⅵ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05); the serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity of broilers in groups Ⅱ to Ⅵ was significantly or extremely significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05 or P<0.01); the serum malonaldehyde (MDA) content of broilers in groups Ⅳ to Ⅵ was extremely significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.01), and the serum MDA content of broilers in group Ⅴ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅱ, group Ⅲ, group Ⅳ and group Ⅵ (P<0.05). At 42 days of age, the serum T-SOD activity of broilers in group Ⅴ was the highest and was significantly or extremely significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and that in group Ⅳ and group Ⅵ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05); the serum GSH-Px activity of broilers in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05); the serum MDA content of broilers in group Ⅳ and group Ⅴ was significantly or extremely significantly lower than that in groups Ⅰ to Ⅲ (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and that in group Ⅲ and group Ⅵ was significantly or extremely significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05 or P<0.01). 4) Regression analysis showed that dietary 95.25 to 105.00 mg/kg eucalyptus essential oil had the best effect on growth performance of broilers in the early growth stage (1 to 21 days of age), and dietary 105.83 to 115.00 mg/kg eucalyptus essential oil had the best effect on growth performance of broilers in the whole growth stage (1 to 42 days of age). The supplemental levels of eucalyptus essential oil obtaining the best antioxidant function of broilers were 151.13 to 205.60 mg/kg in the early growth stage and 93.38 to 158.57 mg/kg in the late growth stage (22 to 42 days of age). In conclusion, a suitable supplemental level of eucalyptus essential oil can significantly improve the growth performance and antioxidant function of the caged white feathered broilers, and the suitable supplemental level of eucalyptus essential oil is 105.00 mg/kg.

Key words： eucalyptus essential oil; white feathered broilers; growth performance; immune function; antioxidant function

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