动物营养学报 >

2021 , Vol. 33 >Issue 3: 1766 - 1773

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.03.057

研究简报 SHORT COMMUNICATION

低蛋白质低磷饲粮对泌乳母猪生产性能、血清生化指标和氮、磷排放的影响

  • 梁耀文 ,
  • 郭长义 ,
  • 柒启恩 ,
  • 彭俏丽 ,
  • 朱翠 ,
  • 龙丽娜 ,
  • 王连想 ,
  • 张辉华
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  • 1. 佛山科学技术学院生命科学与工程学院, 佛山 528225;
    2. 温氏食品集团股份有限公司, 新兴 527400
梁耀文(1996-),男,广东佛山人,硕士研究生,从事猪营养与生产研究。E-mail:lyw499@163.com

收稿日期: 2020-07-29

  网络出版日期: 2021-03-18

基金资助

国家重点研发计划重点专项（2018YFD0501202-3）；广东省教育厅高校科研项目（2017GCZX006）；广东省科技计划项目（2015A020209195）

收起

Effects of Low Protein and Low Phosphorus Diet on Performance, Serum Biochemical Indexes, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Emissions of Lactating Sows

  • LIANG Yaowen ,
  • GUO Changyi ,
  • QI Qi'en ,
  • PENG Qiaoli ,
  • ZHU Cui ,
  • LONG Lina ,
  • WANG Lianxiang ,
  • ZHANG Huihua
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  • 1. College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China;
    2. Wenshi Food Group Co., Ltd., Xinxing 527400, China

Received date: 2020-07-29

  Online published: 2021-03-18

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摘要

本试验旨在研究低蛋白质低磷饲粮对泌乳母猪生产性能、血清生化指标和氮、磷排放的影响。选取胎次、预产期和膘情相近的长白×大白二元杂交健康母猪40头，随机分成2组，每组20个重复，每个重复1头母猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮[粗蛋白质（CP）水平为17.0%，有效磷（AP）水平为0.40%]，试验组饲喂低蛋白质低磷饲粮（CP水平为16.0%，AP水平为0.33%）。预试期7 d（母猪分娩前7 d），正试期21 d（母猪分娩开始至泌乳期结束）。结果表明：与对照组相比，1）低蛋白质低磷饲粮对泌乳母猪的平均日采食量、背膘损失、断奶-发情间隔、断奶7 d发情率、发情配种率和下一胎返情率均无显著影响（P>0.05）；2）低蛋白质低磷饲粮对哺乳仔猪的断奶窝仔猪数、断奶窝增重、断奶重、平均日增重和哺乳期存活率均无显著影响（P>0.05）；3）低蛋白质低磷饲粮可显著增加泌乳母猪的血清总蛋白含量（P<0.05），极显著降低血清尿素氮、游离脂肪酸和钙离子含量（P<0.01）；4）低蛋白质低磷饲粮显著降低泌乳母猪的氮摄入量、磷摄入量、粪氮排放量、粪磷排放量、尿氮排放量、总氮排放量及氮排放率（P<0.05）。综上所述，饲粮CP水平由17.0%降低到16.0%，同时AP水平由0.44%降低到0.33%，对泌乳母猪的生产性能和哺乳仔猪的生长性能无显著影响，但显著降低氮、磷排放，有利于环境保护。

关键词： 低蛋白质低磷饲粮; 泌乳母猪; 生产性能; 血清生化指标; 氮、磷排放

本文引用格式

梁耀文 , 郭长义 , 柒启恩 , 彭俏丽 , 朱翠 , 龙丽娜 , 王连想 , 张辉华 . 低蛋白质低磷饲粮对泌乳母猪生产性能、血清生化指标和氮、磷排放的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(3) : 1766 -1773 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.03.057

Abstract

This paper aimed to study the effects of low protein and low phosphorus diet on performance, serum biochemical indexes, nitrogen and phosphorus emissions of lactating sows. Forty Landrace×Yorkshire hybrid healthy sows with similar parity, predicted date of delivery and body condition were randomly divided into 2 groups with 20 replicates per group and 1 sow per replicate. Sows in control group were fed a basal diet [crude protein (CP) level was 17.0%, and available phosphorus (AP) level was 0.40%], and the others in experimental group were fed the low protein and low phosphorus diet (CP level was 16.0%, and AP level was 0.33%). The pre-trial lasted for 7 days (7 days before delivery) and then 21 days formal trial (from delivery to lactation end). The results showed as follows: compared with control group, 1) low protein and low phosphorus diet had no significant effects on average daily feed intake, backfat loss, weaning-estrous interval, estrus rate at 7 days after weaning, estrous mating rate and return rate of next birth of lactating sows (P>0.05). 2) Low protein and low phosphorus diet had no significant effects on weaning litter size, weaning litter weight gain, weaning weight, average daily weight gain and lactation survival rate of suckling piglets (P>0.05). 3) Low protein and low phosphorus diet significantly increased serum total protein content of lactating sows (P<0.05), and significantly decreased serum urea nitrogen, free fatty acids and calcium ions contents (P<0.01). 4) Low protein and low phosphorus diet significantly decreased nitrogen intake, phosphorus intake, faecal nitrogen emission, faecal phosphorus emission, urine nitrogen emission, total nitrogen emission and nitrogen emission rate of lactating sows (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary CP level reduced from 17.0% to 16.0% in combination with AP level reduced from 0.44% to 0.33% have no significantly effects on performance of lactating sows and growth performance of suckling piglets, but significantly reduce the excretions of nitrogen and phosphorus, which was beneficial to environmental protection.

Key words： low protein and low phosphorus diet; lactating sow; performance; serum biochemical indexes; nitrogen and phosphorus emissions

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