禽营养与饲料 POULTRY NUTRITION AND FEED

快大型黄羽肉种鸡饲粮中维生素A最适添加量的研究

  • 王一冰 ,
  • 李龙 ,
  • 范秋丽 ,
  • 林厦菁 ,
  • 苟钟勇 ,
  • 蒋守群
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  • 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所, 畜禽育种国家重点实验室, 农业农村部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室, 广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室, 广州 510640
王一冰(1990-),女,山东青岛人,副研究员,博士,从事黄羽肉鸡营养与免疫方向的研究。E-mail:wangyibing77@163.com

收稿日期: 2020-09-25

  网络出版日期: 2021-04-15

基金资助

国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0500600);国家肉鸡产业技术体系项目(CARS-41-G10);国家自然科学基金青年基金(31802104);广东省科技计划项目(2017B020202003);广州市科技计划重点项目(201804020091);广东省农业科学院院长基金项目(201805,201807B,201809B,201908);科技创新战略专项资金(高水平农科院建设)(R2019PY-QF008)

Optimal Supplementation Level of Vitamin A in Diets on Fast-Growing Yellow-Feathered Breeder Hens

  • WANG Yibing ,
  • LI Long ,
  • FAN Qiuli ,
  • LIN Xiajing ,
  • GOU Zhongyong ,
  • JIANG Shouqun
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  • Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China

Received date: 2020-09-25

  Online published: 2021-04-15

Supported by

 

摘要

本试验旨在通过探究饲粮维生素A添加量对黄羽肉种鸡产蛋性能、生殖器官发育、激素水平、种蛋品质、孵化性能及后代鸡生长性能的影响,确立黄羽肉种鸡饲粮中维生素A最适添加量。试验采用单因素随机分组设计,选用512只25周龄快大型岭南黄羽肉种鸡,根据体重和产蛋率一致原则分为4个组,每组8个重复,每个重复16只,各组分别饲喂添加0(对照组)、10 800、21 600、32 400 IU/kg维生素A的试验饲粮,试验期12周。种鸡饲养试验结束后选取种蛋孵化,子代肉鸡按照种鸡的组别进行分组分栏饲喂(基础饲粮中含15 000 IU/kg维生素A),试验期21 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮添加10 800~32 400 IU/kg维生素A显著提高了种鸡的产蛋率(P<0.05),并显著降低了料蛋比(P<0.05);饲粮维生素A添加量未对试验鸡生殖器官发育产生显著影响(P>0.05);饲粮添加10 800 IU/kg维生素A显著提高了血浆雌激素(E2)含量(P<0.05),添加21 600、32 400 IU/kg维生素A显著提高了血浆孕酮(PRG)含量(P<0.05),添加10 800、32 400 IU/kg维生素A提高了血浆促卵泡激素(FSH)含量(P<0.05);添加10 800、21 600 IU/kg维生素A显著增加了蛋形指数(P<0.05),添加10 800~32 400 IU/kg维生素A显著提高了蛋黄色泽(P<0.05);随着饲粮维生素A添加量升高,种鸡肝脏与种蛋蛋黄中视黄醇含量均显著上升(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,种鸡饲粮添加10 800 IU/kg维生素A雏鸡平均出壳重显著提高(P<0.05);种鸡饲粮添加10 800~32 400 IU/kg维生素A显著提高了子代鸡生长末重、平均日增重与平均日采食量(P<0.05)。在本试验条件下,饲粮维生素A添加量影响快大型黄羽肉种鸡产蛋性能、种蛋品质、孵化性能、血浆激素含量、后代鸡生长性能及种鸡肝脏与种蛋蛋黄中的视黄醇含量。通过回归模型估测得到,以产蛋性能、种蛋品质、子代肉鸡生长性能为评价指标,快大型黄羽肉种鸡饲粮最适维生素A添加量分别为18 121~20 251 IU/kg、16 600~20 046 IU/kg、25 113~31 069 IU/kg。

本文引用格式

王一冰 , 李龙 , 范秋丽 , 林厦菁 , 苟钟勇 , 蒋守群 . 快大型黄羽肉种鸡饲粮中维生素A最适添加量的研究[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(4) : 2001 -2012 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.04.020

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of vitamin A (VA) supplementation level on egg laying performance, reproductive organ development, reproductive hormone level, egg quality, hatching performance of fast-growing yellow-feathered breeder hens and growth performance of the progeny, so as to establish optimal supplementation level of VA in diets on breeder hens. Five hundred and twelve breeder hens at 42 weeks of age were fed up with basal diets supplemented with 0 (control), 10 800, 21 600 and 32 400 IU/kg VA for 12 weeks with eight replicates per group and 16 hens per replicate, then the progeny hatched from each of the 4 maternal groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with 15 000 IU/kg VA for 21 days. The results showed as follow:1) compared with the control group, supplemental 10 800 to 32 400 IU/kg VA significantly increased laying rate and decreased feed/egg of breeder hens (P<0.05); VA supplementation did not affect development of reproductive organs breeder hens (P>0.05); 10 800 IU/kg VA significantly increased plasma estradiol (E2) content (P<0.05), 21 600 or 32 400 IU/kg VA significantly increased plasma progesterone (PRG) content (P<0.05), and 10 800 or 32 400 IU/kg VA significantly increased follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) content (P<0.05); dietary supplementation level of 10 800 or 21 600 IU/kg VA significantly increased egg shape index (P<0.05) and 10 800 to 32 400 IU/kg VA significantly improved the yolk color (P<0.05); the retinol content in liver of breeder hens and egg yolk significantly increased with the increase of dietary VA level (P<0.05). 2) Supplementation level of 10 800 IU/kg VA significantly increased the average salable chick birth weight (P<0.05); supplemental level of 10 800 to 32 400 IU/kg VA significantly increased body weight, average daily gain and average daily feed intake of progeny broilers (P<0.05). Under the condition of this experiment, VA supplementation has effects on laying performance, reproductive hormone level, egg quality and hatching performance of fast-growing yellow-feathered breeder hens and growth performance of the progeny. The dose (or level) of 18 121 to 20 251 IU/kg, 16 600 to 20 046 IU/kg, or 25 113 to 31 069 IU/kg VA are recommended to yellow-feathered breeder hens considering the laying performance, egg quality of breeder hens and growth performance of progeny.

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