动物营养学报 >

2021 , Vol. 33 >Issue 4: 2235 - 2244

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.04.042

特种经济动物营养与饲料 SPECIAL ECONOMIC ANIMAL NUTRITION AND FEED

不同硒添加量对生茸期梅花鹿生产性能、营养物质表观消化率及血清生化指标的影响

  • 史鸿鹏 ,
  • 陈丽红 ,
  • 司华哲 ,
  • 刘可园 ,
  • 南韦肖 ,
  • 王金铭 ,
  • 杨乾龙 ,
  • 李光玉 ,
  • 孙伟丽
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  • 中国农业科学院特产研究所, 长春 130112
史鸿鹏(1994-),男,山东菏泽人,硕士研究生,野生动植物保护与利用专业。E-mail:shihongpeng1994@126.com

收稿日期: 2020-09-25

  网络出版日期: 2021-04-15

基金资助

吉林省科技发展计划项目（20200404004YY）；国家重点研发计划（2018YFC1706600）；中国农业科学院科技创新工程（CAAS-ASTIP-2018-ISAPS）

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Effects of Different Selenium Additions on Performance, Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Sika Deer during Antler-Growing Period

  • SHI Hongpeng ,
  • CHEN Lihong ,
  • SI Huazhe ,
  • LIU Keyuan ,
  • NAN Weixiao ,
  • WANG Jinming ,
  • YANG Qianlong ,
  • LI Guangyu ,
  • SUN Weili
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  • Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China

Received date: 2020-09-25

  Online published: 2021-04-15

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摘要

本试验旨在研究不同硒添加量对生茸期梅花鹿生产性能、营养物质表观消化率及血清生化指标的影响。选取20头体况相近、5岁的健康生茸期梅花鹿，随机分为4组（每组5个重复，每个重复1头），分别饲喂在基础饲粮基础上添加0（Ⅰ组，作为对照组）、0.3（Ⅱ组）、1.2（Ⅲ组）和4.8 mg/kg硒（Ⅳ组）的饲粮，硒来源为酵母硒（硒含量为2 000 mg/kg）。预试期7 d，正试期60 d。结果显示：1）Ⅲ组茸重和茸尺指标数值高于其他组，但差异未达显著水平（P>0.05）；Ⅳ组硒体沉积量极显著高于其他各组（P<0.01）。2）Ⅱ组粗蛋白质的表观消化率极显著高于Ⅲ组（P<0.01）；Ⅱ组干物质、钙、磷的表观消化率极显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组（P<0.01）；Ⅱ组干物质、粗蛋白质和磷的表观消化率显著高于Ⅳ组（P<0.05）；Ⅱ组硒的表观消化率极显著高于Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组（P<0.01）；Ⅲ组粗蛋白质的表观消化率极显著低于Ⅰ组（P<0.01）；Ⅳ组磷的表观消化率极显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.01）。饲粮硒添加量对粗脂肪的表观消化率无显著影响（P>0.05）。3）Ⅳ组血清胆固醇（CHO）含量显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）；Ⅳ组血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）含量极显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.01）；Ⅱ组、Ⅳ组血清乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性极显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.01）；Ⅲ组血清LDH活性显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）；饲粮硒添加量对血清甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDH-C）、葡萄糖（GLU）含量无显著影响（P>0.05）。4）Ⅳ组血清总蛋白（TP）含量显著高于Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组（P<0.05）；Ⅲ组血清尿素氮（UN）含量显著高于Ⅱ组（P<0.05）。各组血清白蛋白（ALB）、球蛋白（GLOB）含量以及白蛋白与球蛋白之比（A/G）无显著差异（P>0.05）。5）Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组血清碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性极显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.01）；Ⅰ组血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）活性显著高于Ⅳ组（P<0.05）。饲粮硒添加量对血清谷草转氨酶（AST）活性无显著影响（P>0.05），但是随着硒添加量的升高，血清AST活性有升高趋势。综合以上指标分析得出，在以酵母硒为硒源时，饲粮中硒添加量为0.3 mg/kg时可不同程度提高生茸期梅花鹿对饲粮中干物质、粗蛋白质、钙、磷和硒的表观消化率，因此推荐生茸期梅花鹿饲粮适宜的硒添加量为0.3 mg/kg。

关键词： 酵母硒; 梅花鹿; 生产性能; 营养物质表观消化率; 血清生化指标

本文引用格式

史鸿鹏 , 陈丽红 , 司华哲 , 刘可园 , 南韦肖 , 王金铭 , 杨乾龙 , 李光玉 , 孙伟丽 . 不同硒添加量对生茸期梅花鹿生产性能、营养物质表观消化率及血清生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(4) : 2235 -2244 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.04.042

Abstract

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different selenium additions on the performance, nutrient apparent digestibility and serum biochemical indexes of sika deer during antler-growing period. Twenty 5-year-old healthy sika deer with similar body condition were randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates per group and 1 deer per replicate. They were fed the basal diet with selenium addition of 0 (group Ⅰ, as control group), 0.3 (group Ⅱ), 1.2 (group Ⅲ) and 4.8 mg/kg (group Ⅳ), respectively. Selenium source was yeast selenium (selenium content was 2 000 mg/kg). The pre-trial period was 7 days and the formal trial period was 60 days. The results showed as follows:1) the values of antler weight and antler measurement indexes in group Ⅲ were the higher than those in the other groups, but the differences were not significant (P>0.05), and the body selenium deposition in group Ⅳ was extremely significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.01). 2) The apparent digestibility of crude protein in group Ⅱ was extremely significantly higher than that in group Ⅲ (P<0.01); the apparent digestibility of dry matter, calcium and phosphorus in group Ⅱ was extremely significantly higher than that in groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ (P<0.01); the apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and phosphorus in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅳ (P<0.05); the apparent digestibility of selenium in group Ⅱ was extremely significantly higher than that in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ (P<0.01); the apparent digestibility of crude protein in group Ⅲ was extremely significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.01); the apparent digestibility of phosphorus in group Ⅳ was extremely significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.01). Dietary selenium addition had no significant effect on the ether extract apparent digestibility (P>0.05). 3) The content of serum cholesterol (CHO) in group Ⅳ were significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05); the content of serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in group Ⅳ was extremely significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.01); the activity of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in groups Ⅱ and Ⅳ was extremely significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.01); the activity of serum LDH in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05). Dietary selenium addition had no significant effects on the contents of triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDH-C) and glucose (GLU) (P>0.05). 4) The content of serum total protein (TP) in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05); the content of serum urea nitrogen (UN) in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅱ (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the contents of serum albumin (ALB), globulin (GLO) and the ratio of albumin to globulin (A/G). 5) The activity of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was extremely significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.01); the activity of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅳ (P<0.05). Dietary selenium addition had no significant effect on aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, but serum AST activity increased with the increase of dietary selenium addition. According to the analysis of the above indexes, using selenium yeast as the selenium source, the apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, calcium, phosphorus and selenium can be significantly increased when the dietary selenium addition is 0.3 mg/kg. It is suggested that suitable dietary selenium addition of sika deer during antler-growing period is 0.3 mg/kg.

Key words： selenium yeast; sika deer; performance; nutrient apparent digestibility; serum biochemical indexes

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