研究简报 SHORT COMMUNICATION

籽用南瓜副产物营养价值、瘤胃降解特性以及碳水化合物分子结构比较及其相关关系

  • 吕静仪 ,
  • 李光磊 ,
  • 杜鸿波 ,
  • 王一强 ,
  • 张淑枝 ,
  • 张永根 ,
  • 李洋 ,
  • 辛杭书
展开
  • 1. 东北农业大学动物科学技术学院, 哈尔滨 150030;
    2. 汉中市烟草公司南郑分公司, 汉中 723102;
    3. 沈阳禾丰反刍动物饲料有限公司, 沈阳 110164
吕静仪(1997-),女,黑龙江绥化人,硕士研究生,从事反刍动物营养研究。E-mail:2315178010@qq.com

收稿日期: 2020-10-14

  网络出版日期: 2021-05-14

基金资助

东北农业大学"青年才俊"项目(18QC35);中国博士后面上基金(2019M651252);黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目(LH2020C020);东北农业大学"学术骨干"项目(18XG18);黑龙江省普通本科高等学校青年创新人才项目(UNPYSCT-2020095)

Comparison of Nutritional Value, Rumen Degradation Characteristics and Their Relationships with Carbohydrate Molecular Structures of Seed Pumpkin By-Products

  • LYU Jingyi ,
  • LI Guanglei ,
  • DU Hongbo ,
  • WANG Yiqiang ,
  • ZHANG Shuzhi ,
  • ZHANG Yonggen ,
  • LI Yang ,
  • XIN Hangshu
Expand
  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;
    2. Hanzhong Tobacco Company Nanzheng Branch, Hanzhong 723102, China;
    3. Shenyang Hefeng Ruminant Feed Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110164, China

Received date: 2020-10-14

  Online published: 2021-05-14

Supported by

 

摘要

本试验旨在比较籽用南瓜副产物(包括南瓜籽饼、南瓜籽皮及南瓜果肉)的营养价值,并探索其与碳水化合物分子结构是否存在相关关系。试验采用常规化学分析方法、尼龙袋法和康奈尔净碳水化合物—蛋白质体系(CNCPS)对籽用南瓜副产物的碳水化合物化学组成、干物质和中性洗涤纤维的瘤胃降解参数及碳水化合物组分进行测定,同时利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)技术分析籽用南瓜副产物的碳水化合物分子结构,进而探求它们之间的相关关系。结果表明:1)籽用南瓜副产物的常规化学成分均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。南瓜籽皮的中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤木质素和纤维素的含量均最高;南瓜果肉的淀粉、非纤维性碳水化合物和总碳水化合物的含量均最高。南瓜果肉碳水化合物的快速降解部分含量显著高于其他2种副产物(P<0.05),而不可降解碳水化合物组分含最低;南瓜籽饼和南瓜果肉的干物质和中性洗涤纤维瘤胃有效降解率均显著高于南瓜籽皮(P<0.05);2)南瓜果肉的结构性碳水化合物和总碳水化合物的峰高和峰面积均显著高于南瓜籽饼和南瓜籽皮(P<0.05)。南瓜籽皮的纤维复合物的峰面积及峰高值均最高;3)南瓜籽饼、南瓜籽皮及南瓜果肉的峰面积及峰高比均与碳水化合物组分和瘤胃降解参数间存在显著相关关系(P<0.05)。综上所述,南瓜籽饼、南瓜籽皮及南瓜果肉的营养特性和碳水化合物分子结构均存在明显的差异,且二者存在一定的相关关系。

本文引用格式

吕静仪 , 李光磊 , 杜鸿波 , 王一强 , 张淑枝 , 张永根 , 李洋 , 辛杭书 . 籽用南瓜副产物营养价值、瘤胃降解特性以及碳水化合物分子结构比较及其相关关系[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(5) : 2971 -2981 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.05.055

Abstract

The study was conducted to investigate the relationships between nutritional value and rumen degradation characteristics and their molecular structural profiles within carbohydrate regions in seed pumpkin by-products including pumpkin seed cake, pumpkin seed coat and seed pumpkin flesh. The carbohydrate compositions, in situ rumen degradation parameters of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber and Cornell net carbohydrate-protein system (CNCPS) subfractions of seed pumpkin by-products were determined. Meanwhile, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) technology was used to analyze the molecular structural profiles within carbohydrate regions. The results showed as follows:1) there were significant differences in carbohydrate components of seed pumpkin by-products (P<0.05). The contents of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, acid detergent lignin and cellulose in pumpkin seed skin were the highest, whereas the contents of starch, non-fiber carbohydrate and total carbohydrate were higher in seed pumpkin flesh. The content of rapid degradation part of carbohydrate in the seed pumpkin flesh was significantly higher than that of the other two by-products (P<0.05), while the content of non-degradable carbohydrate was the lowest (P<0.05). The rumen effective degradation rates of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber in pumpkin seed cake and seed pumpkin flesh were significantly higher than those in pumpkin seed coat (P<0.05); 2) the peak heights and areas within regions of structural carbohydrate and total carbohydrate were the highest in seed pumpkin flesh. Whereas the peak area and height within the cellulose components region in pumpkin seed coat were significantly higher than those in the other two byproduct samples (P<0.05); 3) there were significant correlations between the peak areas and peak height ratios of pumpkin seed cake, pumpkin seed coat and seed pumpkin flesh, carbohydrate components and rumen degradation kinetics (P<0.05). In summary, there are remarkable differences in nutritional characteristics and carbohydrate molecular structural parameters among pumpkin seed cake, pumpkin seed coat and seed pumpkin flesh, and there are some correlations between them.

参考文献

[1] 李洋,么恩悦,张广宁,等.籽用南瓜副产物用作反刍动物饲料的可行性分析[J].动物营养学报,2019,31(3):994-1000. LI Y,YAO E Y,ZHANG G N,et al.Feasibility analysis of by-products of seed pumpkin as a feedstuff source for ruminants[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2019,31(3):994-1000.(in Chinese)
[2] 李红宇,许丽.籽用南瓜果肉用作反刍动物饲料的探讨[J].饲料研究,2017(13):49-52. LI H Y,XU L.Discussion on using seed pumpkin flesh as feed for ruminants[J].Feed Research,2017(13):49-52.(in Chinese)
[3] ZDUNCZYK Z,MINAKOWSKI D,FREJNAGEL S,et al.Comparative study of the chemical composition and nutritional value of pumpkin seed cake,soybean meal and casein[J].Die Nahrung,1999,43(6):392-395.  
[4] ANTUNOVIĆ Z,KLIRŽ,ŠPERANDA M,et al.Partial replacement of soybean meal with pumpkin seed cake in lamb diets:effects on carcass traits,haemato-chemical parameters and fatty acids in meat[J].South African Journal of Animal Science,2018,48(4):695-704.
[5] KLIR Z,CASTRO-MONTOYA J M,NOVOSELEC J,et al.Influence of pumpkin seed cake and extruded linseed on milk production and milk fatty acid profile in Alpine goats[J].Animal,2017,11(10):1772-1778.  
[6] BAKSHI M P S,WADHWA M,MAKKAR H P S.Waste to worth:vegetable wastes as animal feed[J].CAB Reviews Perspectives in Agriculture Veterinary Science Nutrition and Natural Resources,2016,11(12):1-26.
[7] ZHANG X W,YU P Q.Differentiation of mixtures of co-product blend with barley grain based on Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflection molecular spectroscopy:carbohydrate molecular spectral profiles and nutritive characteristics in dairy cattle[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2012,95(11):6624-6634.  
[8] GHOLIZADEH H,ALI NASERIAN A,XIN H S,et al.Detecting carbohydrate molecular structural makeup in different types of cereal grains and different cultivars within each type of grain grown in semi-arid area using FTIR spectroscopy with uni- and multi-variate molecular spectral analyses[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2014,194:136-144.
[9] XIN H S,FALK K C,YU P Q.Studies on Brassica carinata seed.2.Carbohydrate molecular structure in relation to carbohydrate chemical profile,energy values,and biodegradation characteristics[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2013,61(42):10127-10134.  
[10] ABEYSEKARA S,CHRISTENSEN D A,YU P Q.Characterizations of structural,biochemical,and nutritive profiles in silage among cool-season corn cultivars in relation to heat units (aCHU,dCHU) with curvilinear response and multivariate analyses[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2013,61(50):12315-12326.  
[11] JONKER A,GRUBER M Y,WANG Y,et al.Foam stability of leaves from anthocyanidin-accumulating Lc-alfalfa and relation to molecular structures detected by fourier-transformed infrared-vibration spectroscopy[J].Grass and Forage Science,2012,67(3):369-381.  
[12] XIN H S,QU Y L,WU H N,et al.Univariate and multi-variate comparisons of protein and carbohydrate molecular structural conformations and their associations with nutritive factors in typical by-products[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2016,96(14):4736-4748.  
[13] AOAC.Official methods of analysis[S].17th ed.Gaithersburg,MD:Association of Official Analytical Chemist,2000.
[14] VAN SOEST P J,ROBERTSON J B,LEWIS B A.Methods for dietary fiber,neutral detergent fiber,and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1991,74(10):3583-3597.  
[15] NRC.Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle[S].7th ed.Washington D.C.:The National Academies Press,2001.
[16] SNIFFEN C J,O'CONNOR J D,VAN SOEST P J,et al.A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets:Ⅱ.Carbohydrate and protein availability[J].Journal of Animal Science,1992,70(11):3562-3577.  
[17] NUEZ-ORTÍN W G,YU P Q.Estimation of ruminal and intestinal digestion profiles,hourly effective degradation ratio and potential N to energy synchronization of co-products from bioethanol processing[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2010,90(12):2058-2067.  
[18] ORSKOV E R,HOVELL F D,MOULD F.The use of the nylon bag technique for the evaluation of feedstuffs[J].Tropical Animal Production,1980,5(3):195-213.
[19] XIN H S,ZHANG Y G,WANG M J,et al.Characterization of protein and carbohydrate mid-IR spectral features in crop residues[J].Spectrochimica Acta Part A:Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy,2014,129:565-571.
[20] LIU N,YU P Q.Characterization of the microchemical structure of seed endosperm within a cellular dimension among six barley varieties with distinct degradation kinetics,using ultraspatially resolved synchrotron-based infrared microspectroscopy[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2010,58(13):7801-7810.  
[21] PRATES L L,REFAT B,LEI Y G,et al.Relationship of carbohydrates and lignin molecular structure spectral profiles to nutrient profile in newly developed oats cultivars and barley grain[J].Spectrochimica Acta Part A:Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy,2018,188:495-506.
[22] BELANCHE A,WEISBJERG M R,ALLISON G G,et al.Measurement of rumen dry matter and neutral detergent fiber degradability of feeds by Fourier-trans form infrared spectroscopy[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2014,97(4):2361-2375.  
[23] 周爽,么恩悦,苏阔轩,等.应用康奈尔净碳水化合物-蛋白质体系法和尼龙袋法评价麦芽根和南瓜籽饼的营养价值[J].动物营养学报,2019,31(10):4885-4892. ZHOU S,YAO E Y,SU K X,et al.Nutritional value of malt root and pumpkin seed cake evaluated by Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system and nylon bag technique[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2019,31(10):4885-4892.(in Chinese)
[24] 李岩,孟庆翔,陈万宝,等.应用CNCPS方法和体外产气法研究豆腐渣饲料的营养价值[J].中国畜牧兽医,2017,44(5):1355-1362. LI Y,MENG Q X,CHEN W B,et al.Evaluation of the nutritional value of soybean curb residues by Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system and gas production technique[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2017,44(5):1355-1362.(in Chinese)
[25] 张学燕,崔占鸿,孙璐,等.利用体外产气法及CNCPS体系评定豆渣、菜籽粕的营养价值[J].青海畜牧兽医杂志,2017,47(3):18-22. HANG X Y,CUI Z H,SUN L,et al.Evaluation on nutritional value of soybean residue and rapeseed meal by using in vitro gas production and the CNCPS system[J].Qinghai Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary medicine,2017,47(3):18-22.(in Chinese)
[26] VARGA G A,HOOVER W H.Rate and extent of neutral detergent fiber degradation of feedstuffs in situ[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1983,66(10):2109-2115.  
[27] YU P Q,MCKINNON J J,CHRISTENSEN C R,et al.Chemical imaging of microstructures of plant tissues within cellular dimension using synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2003,51(20):6062-6067.  
[28] ZHANG X W,YU P Q.Relationship of carbohydrate molecular spectroscopic features in combined feeds to carbohydrate utilization and availability in ruminants[J].Spectrochimica Acta Part A:Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy,2012,92:225-233.
[29] JI C Y,ZHANG X W,YAN X G,et al.Bio-functions and molecular carbohydrate structure association study in forage with different source origins revealed using non-destructive vibrational molecular spectroscopy techniques[J].Spectrochimica Acta Part A:Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy,2017,183:260-266.
[30] XIN H S,ZHANG X W,YU P Q.Using synchrotron radiation-based infrared microspectroscopy to reveal microchemical structure characterization:frost damaged wheat vs.normal wheat[J].International Journal of Molecular Sciences,2013,14(8):16706-16718.  
[31] XIN H S,DING X,ZHANG L Y,et al.Investigation of the spectroscopic information on functional groups related to carbohydrates in different morphological fractions of corn stover and their relationship to nutrient supply and biodegradation characteristics[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2017,65(20):4035-4043.  
文章导航

/