猪营养与饲料 SWINE NUTRITION AND FEED

发酵豆粕对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标及肠道功能的影响

  • 刘栩州 ,
  • 鞠莹 ,
  • 黄丽玲 ,
  • 罗阳兰 ,
  • 刘明智 ,
  • 薄佳宁 ,
  • 周同宇 ,
  • 张宇峰 ,
  • 刘闯 ,
  • 冯明明 ,
  • 阎勇
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  • 1. 广西农业科学院微生物研究所, 南宁 530007;
    2. 广西农业科学院广西作物遗传改良生物技术重点开放实验室, 南宁 530007;
    3. 梨树黑土地健康食品有限公司, 四平 136500
刘栩州(1983-),男,吉林长春人,博士,从事菌物资源饲料化研究。E-mail:ifungus@163.com

收稿日期: 2020-11-14

  网络出版日期: 2021-06-10

基金资助

广西农业科学院博士后基金项目(桂农科博2020038)

Effects of Fermented Soybean Meal on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indices and Intestinal Function of Weaned Piglets

  • LIU Xuzhou ,
  • JU Ying ,
  • HUANG Liling ,
  • LUO Yanglan ,
  • LIU Mingzhi ,
  • BO Jianing ,
  • ZHOU Tongyu ,
  • ZHANG Yufeng ,
  • LIU Chuang ,
  • FENG Mingming ,
  • YAN Yong
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  • 1. Institute of Microbiology, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China;
    2. Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Laboratory, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China;
    3. Lishu Blackland Healthy Food Co., Ltd., Siping 136500, China

Received date: 2020-11-14

  Online published: 2021-06-10

摘要

本试验旨在研究发酵豆粕(两步发酵法制备)替代饲粮中部分豆粕对断奶仔猪生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、血清生化指标、肠道形态及消化酶活性等的影响。试验选用120头初始体重为(6.72±1.06)kg的健康三元杂交(杜×长×大)断奶仔猪,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复5头猪。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,3个试验组饲粮分别使用4.87%、9.74%和14.61%的发酵豆粕(由纳豆芽孢杆菌和嗜酸乳酸杆菌进行两步发酵后获得)替代基础饲粮中6%(试验1组)、12%(试验2组)和18%(试验3组)的豆粕,保持蛋白质原料为每组饲粮提供相同含量的粗蛋白质。试验期28 d。结果显示:1)与对照组相比,9.74%和14.61%的发酵豆粕显著提高了试验第1~14和第1~28天的平均日增重(P<0.05),同时显著降低了腹泻率(P<0.05);4.87%、9.74%和14.61%的发酵豆粕显著提高了试验第14天的干物质、总能、粗蛋白质及有机物的表观消化率(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,9.74%和14.61%的发酵豆粕显著提高了试验第14天断奶仔猪血清中免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性以及试验第28天断奶仔猪血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,试验2组和试验3组盲肠食糜中丁酸含量显著提高(P<0.05);各试验组十二指肠和空肠黏膜中胰蛋白酶活性均显著提高(P<0.05),空肠黏膜中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量显著降低(P<0.05),十二指肠绒毛高度和绒腺比以及空肠绒毛高度均显著提高(P<0.05)。综合考虑以上结果和经济效益,建议断奶仔猪饲粮中使用9.74%的发酵豆粕替代12%的豆粕,能够取得良好效果。

本文引用格式

刘栩州 , 鞠莹 , 黄丽玲 , 罗阳兰 , 刘明智 , 薄佳宁 , 周同宇 , 张宇峰 , 刘闯 , 冯明明 , 阎勇 . 发酵豆粕对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标及肠道功能的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(6) : 3142 -3153 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.06.017

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of fermented soybean meal (FSBM, produced through two-step fermentation method) on growth performance, serum biochemical indices, intestinal morphology and digestive enzyme activities of weaned piglets. One hundred and twenty Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire crossbred weaned piglets with the initial body weight of (6.72±1.06) kg were randomly allocated to four group with 6 replicates per group and 5 piglets per replicate. The diets for four group as follows:control group, corn-soybean meal basal diet; test group 1, using 4.87% FSBM supplementation to replace 6% soybean meal (SBM) in the basal diet; test group 2, using 9.74% FSBM supplementation to replace 12% SBM in the basal diet; test group 3, using 14.61% FSBM supplementation to replace 18% SBM in the basal diet. Protein ingredients could supply the same content of crude protein in each diet. The trial lasted for 28 days. The results showed that, compared with the control group, supplementations of 9.74% and 14.61% FSBM significantly improved the average daily gain (ADG) and significantly reduced the diarrhea rate during days 1 to 14 and days 1 to 28 (P<0.05); supplementations of 4.87%, 9.74% and 14.61% FSBM also significantly enhanced the apparent digestibility of dry matter, gross energy, crude protein and organic matter on day 14 (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the control group, supplementations of 9.74% and 14.61% FSBM significantly increased the serum immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin M (IgM) contents and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity on day 14 and the serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) on day 28 (P<0.05). 3) Compared with the control group, the butyrate content in cecal digesta of test groups 1 and 2 was significantly increased (P<0.05); the trypsin activity in duodenal and jejunal mucosa of test groups 1, 2 and 3 was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the villus height and villus height/crypt depth of duodenum and villus height of jejunum was significantly increased (P<0.05), while the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in jejunal mucosa was significantly decreased (P<0.05). In conclusion, considering above results and economic benefit, it is recommended to supplement 9.74% FSBM to the diet of weaned piglets instead of 12% SBM, which can have a better effect.

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