动物营养学报 >

2021 , Vol. 33 >Issue 6: 3185 - 3197

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.06.021

猪营养与饲料 SWINE NUTRITION AND FEED

复合益生菌与黄芪多糖对生长育肥猪免疫和抗氧化功能的影响

  • 张阳 ,
  • 吕慧源 ,
  • 徐盛玉 ,
  • 方正锋 ,
  • 冯斌 ,
  • 车炼强 ,
  • 林燕 ,
  • 卓勇 ,
  • 李健 ,
  • 江雪梅 ,
  • 赵希仑 ,
  • 吴德
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  • 1. 四川农业大学动物营养研究所, 成都 611130;
    2. 北京生泰尔生物科技有限公司, 北京 102600
张阳(1996-),男,重庆人,硕士研究生,从事猪营养研究。E-mail:790441469@qq.com

收稿日期: 2020-11-27

  网络出版日期: 2021-06-10

基金资助

国家现代农业产业技术体系四川生猪创新团队（scsztd-2020-08）

收起

Effects of Compound Probiotics and Astragalus Polysaccharide on Immunity and Antioxidant Function of Growing-Finishing Pigs

  • ZHANG Yang ,
  • LYU Huiyuan ,
  • XU Shengyu ,
  • FANG Zhengfeng ,
  • FENG Bin ,
  • CHE Lianqiang ,
  • LIN Yan ,
  • ZHUO Yong ,
  • LI Jian ,
  • JIANG Xuemei ,
  • ZHAO Xilun ,
  • WU De
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  • 1. Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
    2. Beijing Centre Biology Co., Ltd., Beijing 102600, China

Received date: 2020-11-27

  Online published: 2021-06-10

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摘要

本试验旨在研究复合益生菌与黄芪多糖（APS）对生长育肥猪免疫和抗氧化功能的影响。试验采用2×2双因素试验设计，选取80头健康状况、体重[（33.5±0.8）kg]相近的"杜×长×大"生长猪，根据体重随机分为4组（每组5个重复，每个重复4头猪），分别饲喂基础饲粮（对照组）、基础饲粮+5×108 CFU/kg复合益生菌（复合益生菌组）、基础饲粮+0.1% APS（APS组）、基础饲粮+5×108 CFU/kg复合益生菌+0.1% APS（复合益生菌+APS组）。试验期为84 d。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，饲粮添加复合益生菌显著提高第57天和第85天生长育肥猪血清溶菌酶（LZM）活性（P<0.05），有提高第29天血清LZM活性的趋势（P=0.068）；饲粮添加APS有提高第29天血清LZM活性的趋势（P=0.090）。2）复合益生菌与APS对第29天生长育肥猪外周血CD4+ T淋巴细胞比例存在互作趋势（P=0.075），对第57天外周血CD4+ T淋巴细胞比例以及第29天和第57天外周血CD4+ T淋巴细胞/CD8+ T淋巴细胞（CD4+/CD8+）值存在互作效应（P<0.01）。主要表现为，第29天，与对照组相比，APS组外周血CD4+ T淋巴细胞比例和CD4+/CD8+值显著降低（P<0.05）；与复合益生菌组相比，复合益生菌+APS组外周血CD4+ T淋巴细胞比例和CD4+/CD8+值无显著差异（P>0.05）。第57天，与对照组相比，APS组外周血CD4+ T淋巴细胞比例和CD4+/CD8+值极显著提高（P<0.01）；与复合益生菌组相比，复合益生菌+APS组外周血CD4+ T淋巴细胞比例和CD4+/CD8+值无显著差异（P>0.05）。3）与对照组相比，饲粮添加复合益生菌显著提高第85天生长育肥猪血清肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）含量（P<0.05），饲粮添加APS有提高第85天血清IFN-γ（P=0.067）和白细胞介素-2（IL-2）（P=0.093）含量的趋势。复合益生菌与APS对第85天血清白细胞介素-6（IL-6）含量存在互作趋势（P=0.055），与对照组相比，APS组第85天血清IL-6含量有降低的趋势（P=0.055）；与复合益生菌组相比，复合益生菌+APS组第85天血清IL-6含量无显著差异（P>0.05）。4）复合益生菌与APS对第57天生长育肥猪血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性存在互作效应（P<0.05），与对照组相比，复合益生菌组第57天血清GSH-Px活性极显著提高（P<0.01）；与APS组相比，复合益生菌+APS组第57天血清GSH-Px活性无显著差异（P>0.05）。5）与对照组相比，饲粮添加复合益生菌极显著提高第85天生长育肥猪血清谷草转氨酶（AST）活性（P<0.01）。复合益生菌与APS对第29天血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）活性存在互作效应（P<0.05），与对照组相比，复合益生菌组第29天血清ALT活性显著提高（P<0.05）；与APS组相比，复合益生菌+APS组第29天血清ALT活性则无显著差异（P>0.05）。综上所述，饲粮添加复合益生菌可提高生长育肥猪的免疫功能，并在细胞因子的调节中发挥免疫增强作用，但对于抗氧化功能的影响则不稳定；饲粮添加APS对生长育肥猪的免疫功能具有一定的提高作用，在细胞因子的调节中主要发挥抗炎作用，在细胞免疫中主要发挥免疫自稳作用，并促进其氧化平衡状态的保持；复合益生菌与APS在生长育肥猪细胞免疫、细胞因子调节、抗氧化等方面均存在一定互作效应，复合益生菌的添加容易引起血液指标大幅度的变化，而APS对于这种大幅度的变化具有抑制作用。

关键词： 复合益生菌; 黄芪多糖; 生长育肥猪; 免疫功能; 抗氧化功能

本文引用格式

张阳 , 吕慧源 , 徐盛玉 , 方正锋 , 冯斌 , 车炼强 , 林燕 , 卓勇 , 李健 , 江雪梅 , 赵希仑 , 吴德 . 复合益生菌与黄芪多糖对生长育肥猪免疫和抗氧化功能的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(6) : 3185 -3197 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.06.021

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of compound probiotics and Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) on immunity and antioxidant function of growing-finishing pigs. In the experiment, a 2×2 double factor design was used and a total of 80 healthy growing pigs (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) with similar body weight of (33.5±0.8) kg were randomly assigned into 4 groups (5 replicates in each group and 4 pigs in each replicate) on the basis of their initial body weight. They were fed a basal diet (control group), the basal diet supplemented with 5×108 CFU/kg compound probiotics (compound probiotics group), the basal diet supplemented with 0.1% APS (APS group), and the basal diet supplemented with 5×108 CFU/kg compound probiotics and 0.1% APS (compound probiotics+APS group), respectively. The experiment lasted for 84 days. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group, dietary compound probiotics significantly increased the serum lysozyme (LZM) activity of growing-finishing pigs on day 57 and day 85 (P<0.05), and had a trend to increase serum LZM activity on day 29 (P=0.068). Dietary APS tended to increase serum LZM activity on day 29 (P=0.090). 2) Compound probiotics and APS had an interaction tendency on the proportion of CD4+ T lymphocytes in peripheral blood of growing-finishing pigs on day 29 (P=0.075), and had an interaction effect on the proportion of CD4+ T lymphocytes on day 57 and the ratio of CD4+ T lymphocytes to CD8+ T lymphocytes (CD4+/CD8+) in peripheral blood on day 29 and day 57 (P<0.01). On day 29, compared with the control group, the proportion of CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in peripheral blood in the APS group were significantly decreased (P<0.05); compared with the compound probiotics group, there were no significant differences in the proportion of CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in peripheral blood in the compound probiotics+APS group (P>0.05). On day 57, compared with the control group, the proportion of CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in peripheral blood in the APS group were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01); compared with the compound probiotics group, there were no significant differences in the proportion of CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in peripheral blood in the compound probiotics+APS group (P>0.05). 3) Compared with the control group, dietary compound probiotics significantly increased the contents of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in serum of growing-finishing pigs on day 85 (P<0.05), dietary APS tended to increase serum contents of IFN-γ (P=0.067) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) (P=0.093) on day 85. Compound probiotics and APS had an interaction tendency on serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) content on day 85 (P=0.055). Compared with the control group, the serum IL-6 content in the APS group tended to decrease on day 85 (P=0.055); compared with the compound probiotics group, the serum IL-6 content in the compound probiotics+APS group had no significant difference on day 85 (P>0.05). 4) Compound probiotics and APS had an interaction effect on serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity of growing-finishing pigs on day 57 (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the serum GSH-Px activity in the compound probiotics group was extremely significantly increased on day 57 (P<0.01); compared with the APS group, there was no significant difference in serum GSH-Px activity in the compound probiotics+APS group on day 57 (P>0.05). 5) Compared with the control group, dietary compound probiotics extremely significantly increased the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity of growing-finishing pigs on day 85 (P<0.01). Compound probiotics and APS had an interaction effect on serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity on day 29 (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the serum ALT activity in the compound probiotics group was significantly increased on day 29 (P<0.05); compared with the APS group, there was no significant difference in serum ALT activity in the compound probiotics+APS group on day 29 (P>0.05). In conclusion, dietary compound probiotics can improve the immune function of growing-finishing pigs, and play an immune-enhancing role in the regulation of cytokines, but the effect on antioxidant function is unstable. Dietary APS can improve the immune function of growing-finishing pigs to a certain extent, plays an anti-inflammatory role in the regulation of cytokines, plays an immune homeostasis role in cellular immunity, and promotes the maintenance of oxidative balance. Compound probiotics and APS have certain interaction effects on cellular immunity, cytokine regulation, antioxidant and other aspects of growing-finishing pigs. The addition of compound probiotics is likely to cause significant changes in blood indices, while the APS has an inhibitory effect on such significant changes.

Key words： compound probiotics; Astragalus polysaccharide; growing-finishing pigs; immune function; antioxidant function

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