反刍与草食动物营养与饲料 RUMINANT AND HERBIVORE NUTRITION AND FEED

不同锌源对新生荷斯坦犊牛生长性能、血清免疫和抗氧化指标以及血浆微量元素含量的影响

  • 金宇航 ,
  • 麻柱 ,
  • 高铎 ,
  • 单强 ,
  • 张亚静 ,
  • 楚康康 ,
  • 孙鹏
展开
  • 1. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 动物营养学国家重点实验室, 北京 100193;
    2. 北京奶牛中心, 奶牛遗传育种与繁殖北京市重点实验室, 北京 102101
金宇航(1995-),男,江苏泗阳人,硕士研究生,从事反刍动物营养研究。E-mail:749964930@qq.com

收稿日期: 2020-11-21

  网络出版日期: 2021-06-10

基金资助

中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(Y2020GH11-2);国家高层次人才特殊支持计划项目;中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAS07)

Effects of Different Zinc Sources on Growth Performance, Serum Immune and Antioxidant Indices and Plasma Trace Element Contents of Newborn Holstein Dairy Calves

  • JIN Yuhang ,
  • MA Zhu ,
  • GAO Duo ,
  • SHAN Qiang ,
  • ZHANG Yajing ,
  • CHU Kangkang ,
  • SUN Peng
Expand
  • 1. State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
    2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cattle Genetic, Breeding and Reproduction, Beijing Dairy Cow Center, Beijing 102101, China

Received date: 2020-11-21

  Online published: 2021-06-10

摘要

本试验旨在研究不同锌源(蛋白锌和氧化锌)对新生荷斯坦犊牛生长性能、血清免疫和抗氧化指标以及血浆微量元素含量的影响。选取60头体重[(41.35±0.63)kg]一致的健康新生荷斯坦犊牛,随机分成5个组,每组12头牛(公犊牛3头,母犊牛9头)。对照组(CON组)饲喂牛奶,低剂量蛋白锌组(L-ZnP组)、中剂量蛋白锌组(M-ZnP组)和高剂量蛋白锌组(H-ZnP组)在牛奶中分别添加261.44、522.88、784.31 mg/d蛋白锌(锌含量相当于40、80、120 mg/d),氧化锌组(ZnO组)在牛奶中添加232.11 mg/d氧化锌(锌含量相当于180 mg/d)。根据犊牛生长状况于4~7日龄开始饲喂开食料。试验期14 d。结果表明:1)与CON组相比,M-ZnP组、H-ZnP组和ZnO组的平均日增重,血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性以及血浆锌含量显著升高(P<0.05)。2)随着蛋白锌添加量的增加,粪便指数呈显著线性、二次下降(P<0.05),血清IgG含量、GSH-Px活性及血浆锌含量呈显著线性升高(P<0.05),血清丙二醛(MDA)含量呈显著线性下降(P<0.05)。综上所述,蛋白锌可提高犊牛生长性能、抗氧化功能及免疫功能,较少犊牛腹泻情况,提高血浆锌含量。在本试验条件下,犊牛牛奶中添加522.88 mg/d蛋白锌(锌含量相当于80 mg/d)为宜。

本文引用格式

金宇航 , 麻柱 , 高铎 , 单强 , 张亚静 , 楚康康 , 孙鹏 . 不同锌源对新生荷斯坦犊牛生长性能、血清免疫和抗氧化指标以及血浆微量元素含量的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(6) : 3334 -3342 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.06.035

Abstract

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different zinc sources (zinc proteinate and zinc oxide) on growth performance, serum immune and antioxidant indices and plasma trace element contents of newborn Holstein dairy calves. Sixty healthy newborn Holstein dairy calves with similar body weight of (41.35±0.63) kg were randomly divided into 5 groups with 12 calves in each group (3 male calves and 9 female calves). Calves in the control group were fed the milk, calves in low-dose zinc proteinate group (L-ZnP group), middle-dose zinc proteinate group (M-ZnP group) and higH-dose zinc proteinate group (H-ZnP group) were fed the milk supplemented with 261.44, 522.88 and 784.31 mg/d zinc proteinate (equivalent to 40, 80 and 120 mg/d zinc), respectively, and calves in zinc oxide group (ZnO group) were fed the milk supplemented with 232.11 mg/d zinc oxide (equivalent to 180 mg/d zinc). Calves were fed the starter at 4 to 7 days of age according to the growth status. The experiment lasted for 14 days. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the CON group, the average daily gain, serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) content and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and plasma zinc content of M-ZnP group, H-ZnP group and ZnO group were significantly increased (P<0.05). 2) With the zinc proteinate dose increased, the fecal index linearly and quadratically decreased (P<0.05), the serum IgG content and GSH-Px activity and plasma zinc content linearly increased (P<0.05), and the serum malondialdehyde (MDA) content linearly decreased (P<0.05). To sum up, zinc proteinate can increase the average daily gain, antioxidant function and immune function of calves, reduce the diarrhea, and increase the plasma zinc content. Under the conditions of this experiment, the optimal dose of zinc proteinate in milk is 522.88 mg/d (equivalent to 80 mg/d zinc).

参考文献

[1] VEGA C G,BOK M,EBINGER M,et al.A new passive immune strategy based on IgY antibodies as a key element to control neonatal calf diarrhea in dairy farms[J].BMC Veterinary Research,2020,16(1):264.
[2] TORSEIN M,LINDBERG A,SANDGREN C H,et al.Risk factors for calf mortality in large Swedish dairy herds[J].Preventive Veterinary Medicine,2011,99(2/3/4):136-147.
[3] LEFKADITIS M,MPAIRAMOGLOU R,SOSSIDOU A,et al.Importance of colostrum IgG antibodies level for prevention of infection with Cryptosporidium parvum in neonatal dairy calves[J].Preventive Veterinary Medicine,2020,176:104904.
[4] ADAB M,MAHJOUBI E,YAZDI M H,et al.Effect of supplemental dietary zinc and its time of inclusion on pre-weaning phase of Holstein heifer calves:growth performance and health status[J].Livestock Science,2020,231:103891.
[5] SUNUWAR L,GILAD D,HERSHFINKEL M.The zinc sensing receptor,ZnR/GPR39,in health and disease[J].Frontiers in Bioscience,2017,22:1469-1492.
[6] KOO O J,PARK S J,LEE C,et al.Production of mutated porcine embryos using zinc finger nucleases and a reporter-based cell enrichment system[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2014,27(3):324-329.  
[7] LIBERATO S C,SINGH G,MULHOLLAND K.Zinc supplementation in young children:a review of the literature focusing on diarrhoea prevention and treatment[J].Clinical Nutrition,2015,34(1):181-188.
[8] WANG K K,CUI H W,SUN J Y,et al.Effects of zinc on growth performance and biochemical parameters of piglets[J].Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences,2012,36(5):519-526.
[9] WEI J Y,MA F T,HAO L Y,et al.Effect of differing amounts of zinc oxide supplementation on the antioxidant status and zinc metabolism in newborn dairy calves[J].Livestock Science,2019,230:103819.
[10] CHANG M N,WEI J Y,HAO L Y,et al.Effects of different types of zinc supplement on the growth,incidence of diarrhea,immune function,and rectal microbiota of newborn dairy calves[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2020,103(6):6100-6113.
[11] MA F T,WO Y Q L,SHAN Q,et al.Zinc-methionine acts as an anti-diarrheal agent by protecting the intestinal epithelial barrier in postnatal Holstein dairy calves[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2020,270:114686.
[12] MA F T,WO Y Q L,LI H Y,et al.Effect of the source of zinc on the tissue accumulation of zinc and jejunal mucosal zinc transporter expression in Holstein dairy calves[J].Animals,2020,10(8):1246.
[13] 郝丽媛,马峰涛,孙鹏.饲粮添加蛋氨酸锌或氧化锌对新生犊牛锌代谢的影响[J].动物营养学报,2020,32(8):3725-3731. HAO L Y,MA F T,SUN P.Effects of dietary supplementation of zinc methionine or zinc oxide on zinc metabolism of newborn calves[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2020,32(8):3725-3731.(in Chinese)
[14] 魏婧雅,马峰涛,单强,等.氧化锌对新生犊牛生长性能、免疫功能及直肠微生物菌群的影响[J].动物营养学报,2019,31(6):2693-2700. WEI J Y,MA F T,SHAN Q,et al.Effects of zinc oxide on growth performance,immune function and rectal microflora of neonatal dairy calves[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2019,31(6):2693-2700.(in Chinese)
[15] 贾日东.低聚糖和微量元素对犊牛健康的影响[J].中国畜禽种业,2020,16(10):116. JIA R D.Effects of oligosaccharides and trace elements on calves health[J].The Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding,2020,16(10):116.(in Chinese)
[16] 马莲香,侯川川,何俊娜,等.复合有机微量元素对肥育猪生长性能、血清指标及微量元素减排的影响[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2018,44(2):181-189. MA L X,HOU C C,HE J N,et al.Effect of compound organic trace minerals on growth performance,serum indexes and micromineral excretion in fattening pigs[J].Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture & Life Sciences),2018,44(2):181-189.(in Chinese)
[17] VAN SOEST P J,ROBERTSON J B,LEWIS B A.Symposium:carbohydrate methodology,metabolism,and nutritional implications in dairy cattle:methods for dietary fiber,neutral detergent fiber,and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1991,74(10):3583-3597.  
[18] VARUN A,KARTHIKEYAN N,MUTHUSAMY P,et al.Evaluation of Zn bioavailability and metallothionein expression by RT-PCR in zinc sulphate and zinc proteinate fed chickens[J].International Journal of Livestock Research,2017,7(10):184-189.
[19] WELLMANN K B,BAGGERMAN J O,BURSON W C,et al.Effects of zinc propionate supplementation on growth performance,skeletal muscle fiber,and receptor characteristics in beef steers[J].Journal of Animal Science,2020,98(7):210.
[20] BUFF C E,BOLLINGER D W,ELLERSIECK M R,et al.Comparison of growth performance and zinc absorption,retention,and excretion in weanling pigs fed diets supplemented with zinc-polysaccharide or zinc oxide[J].Journal of Animal Science,2005,83(10):2380-2386.  
[21] LAPIERRE P L.Effects of hydroxy versus sulfate forms of trace minerals in milk replacer or starter on dairy calves through weaning[D].Master's Thesis.Champaign:University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,2016.
[22] FELDMANN H R,WILLIAMS D R,CHAMPAGNE J D,et al.Effectiveness of zinc supplementation on diarrhea and average daily gain in pre-weaned dairy calves:a double-blind,block-randomized,placebo-controlled clinical trial[J].PLoS One,2019,14(7):e0219321.
[23] SATYANARAYANA M,NARASIMHA J,NAGALAKSHMIN D,et al.Effect of organic and inorganic zinc combinations on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in buffalo heifers[J].International Journal of Livestock Research,2017,7(3):135-141.
[24] SINGH K,CHANG C,GERSHWIN M E.IgA deficiency and autoimmunity[J].Autoimmunity Reviews,2014,13(2):163-177.  
[25] 鲍玉林,黎晓磊.微生态制剂对犊牦牛瘤胃发酵和免疫力的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2017,49(4):51-53. BAO Y L,LI X L.Effects of probiotics on rumen fermentation and immunity in yak calves[J].Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,2017,49(4):51-53.(in Chinese)
[26] 崔莹,李薛强,于春微,等.复合菌培养物对肉羊生长性能、免疫与抗氧化功能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2019,31(11):5066-5074. CUI Y,LI X Q,YU C W,et al.Effects of compound bacteria culture on growth performance,immunity and antioxidant function of meat sheep[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2019,31(11):5065-5073.(in Chinese)
[27] 杨兴斌,杨会宣,蒋宁,等.补硒与锌对梭曼中毒大鼠乙酰胆碱酯酶活力和抗氧化力的影响[J].中国药理学与毒理学杂志,2003,17(2):117-120. YANG X B,YANG H X,JIANG N,et al.Effect of Se and Zn on acetylcholinesterase and antioxidative capacity in soman poisoned rats[J].Chinese Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology,2003,17(2):117-120.(in Chinese)
[28] 刘凤霞,刘幸,齐茜,等.日粮有机锌水平对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能、免疫功能和抗氧化指标的影响[J].中国家禽,2017,39(24):28-34. LIU FX,LIU X,QI Q,et al.Effects of dietary organic zinc on production performance,immune function and anti-oxidative parameters of laying hens at the late of laying cycle[J].China Poultry,2017,39(24):28-34.(in Chinese)
[29] HASSAN A A,EL ASHRY G M,SOLIMAN S M.Effect of supplementation of chelated zinc on milk production in ewes[J].Food and Nutrition Sciences,2011,2(7):706-713.  
[30] 侯鹏霞,李毓华,马吉锋,等.氨基酸锌对滩湖杂羊生长性能、血清激素、免疫及抗氧化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2020,32(9):4242-4250. HOU P X,LI S H,MA J F,et al.Effects of amino acid zinc on growth performance,serum hormone,immune and antioxidant indexes of Tan×Hu sheep[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2020,32(9):4242-4250.(in Chinese)
[31] 呙于明.家禽营养[M].2版.北京:中国农业大学出版社,2004. GUO Y M.Poultry nutrition[M].2nd ed.Beijing:China Agricuture University Press,2004.(in Chinese)
[32] 李振,姜淑贞,杨在宾,等.锌的营养作用及其在反刍动物中的应用[J].中国饲料,2011,13(7):33-36. LI Z,JIANG S Z,YANG Z B,et al.Nutritional effects of zinc and its application in ruminants[J].China Feed,2011,13(7):33-36.(in Chinese)
[33] 于宁先,张桂国,杨在宾.日粮中添加不同水平铜、铁、锌对奶牛血液生化指标影响的研究[J].饲料博览,2010(3):35-39. YU N X,ZHANG G G,YANG Z B.Effects of dietary supplementation with different levels of copper,iron and zinc on blood biochemical indexes of dairy cows[J].Feed Review,2010(3):35-39.(in Chinese)
[34] 刘英丽,庞坤.饲料锌水平对雏鸡组织器官中铜、铁、锌含量的影响[J].饲料博览,2016(9):1-4. LIU Y L,PANG K.Effects of zinc level on contents of copper,zinc and iron in broilers tissues[J].China Feed,2016(9):1-4.(in Chinese)
[35] MURPHY R A.Organic trace minerals:enhanced stability ensures efficacy[J].Pig International,2019,39(9):64-65.
[36] MCCAUGHEY K M,DEPETERS E J,ROBINSON P H,et al.Impact of feeding whole upland cottonseed,with or without cracked pima cottonseed with increasing addition of iron sulfate,on milk and milk fat composition of lactating dairy cattle[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2005,123/124:667-685.
[37] WIKING L,LARSEN T,SEHESTED J.Transfer of dietary zinc and fat to milk-evaluation of milk fat quality,milk fat precursors,and mastitis indicators[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2008,91(4):1544-1551.  
[38] NRC.Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle[S].7th ed.Washington,D.C.:National Academy Press,2001.
文章导航

/