反刍与草食动物营养与饲料 RUMINANT AND HERBIVORE NUTRITION AND FEED

青贮桑叶替代青贮玉米对奶山羊生产性能、乳品质、养分表观消化率、瘤胃发酵参数和血清生化指标的影响

  • 凌浩 ,
  • 郭水强 ,
  • 李鑫垚 ,
  • 屈金涛 ,
  • 李飞鸣 ,
  • 张佩华
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  • 1. 湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院, 长沙 410128;
    2. 城步羴牧牧业有限公司, 邵阳 422500;
    3. 湖南桑叶加农业科技有限公司, 宁乡 610604
凌浩(1996-),男,湖南浏阳人,硕士研究生,从事动物营养与乳品质调控研究。E-mail:874936880@qq.com

收稿日期: 2020-12-01

  网络出版日期: 2021-06-10

基金资助

湖南农业科技创新资金项目(2019TD01)

Effects of Silage Mulberry Leaves Instead of Silage Corn on Performance, Milk Quality, Nutrient Apparent Digestibilities, Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Dairy Goats

  • LING Hao ,
  • GUO Shuiqiang ,
  • LI Xinyao ,
  • QU jintao ,
  • LI Feiming ,
  • ZHANG Peihua
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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
    2. Chengbu Shanmu Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Shaoyang 422500, China;
    3. Hunan Sangyejia Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Ningxiang 610604, China

Received date: 2020-12-01

  Online published: 2021-06-10

摘要

本试验旨在研究青贮桑叶替代青贮玉米对奶山羊生产性能、乳品质、养分表观消化率、瘤胃发酵参数和血清生化指标的影响。试验选择30头胎次、产羔日期、产奶量、体重相近的西农萨能奶山羊,随机分成2组,每组15头。玉米组饲喂青贮玉米全混合日粮,其酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、粗蛋白质含量和消化能分别为26.97%、47.05%、17.54%和5.56 MJ/kg;桑叶组饲喂青贮桑叶全混合日粮,其酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、粗蛋白质含量和消化能分别为25.62%、46.85%、17.88%和5.67 MJ/kg。预试期10 d,正试期42 d。结果表明:1)桑叶组的干物质采食量极显著高于玉米组(P<0.01),产奶量显著高于玉米组(P<0.05)。饲料转化率在2组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)桑叶组的乳蛋白率极显著高于玉米组(P<0.01),非乳脂固体含量显著高于玉米组(P<0.05)。体细胞数、乳脂率、乳糖率和乳中尿素氮含量在2组间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)桑叶组的粗蛋白质表观消化率极显著高于玉米组(P<0.01),酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率显著高于玉米组(P<0.05)。干物质、中性洗涤纤维、粗脂肪表观消化率在2组间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)桑叶组的瘤胃液pH极显著低于玉米组(P<0.01),瘤胃液乙酸、丙酸、丁酸和总挥发性脂肪酸浓度均极显著高于玉米组(P<0.01),瘤胃液异戊酸浓度显著高于玉米组(P<0.05)。瘤胃液氨态氮、异丁酸、戊酸浓度在2组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。5)桑叶组的血清高密度脂蛋白含量极显著高于玉米组(P<0.01),血清尿素氮含量极显著低于玉米组(P<0.01)。血清总蛋白、白蛋白、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、葡萄糖含量及谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶活性在2组间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上所述,在本试验条件下,青贮桑叶同比例替代青贮玉米可以促进奶山羊瘤胃发酵,提高养分表观消化率,增加产奶量,改善乳品质。

本文引用格式

凌浩 , 郭水强 , 李鑫垚 , 屈金涛 , 李飞鸣 , 张佩华 . 青贮桑叶替代青贮玉米对奶山羊生产性能、乳品质、养分表观消化率、瘤胃发酵参数和血清生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(6) : 3389 -3399 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.06.040

Abstract

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of silage mulberry leaves instead of silage corn on performance, milk quality, nutrient apparent digestibilities, rumen fermentation parameters and serum biochemical indexes of dairy goats. Thirty Xinong Saanen dairy goats with similar parity, lambing date, milk yield and body weight were randomly divided into 2 groups with 15 goats per group. Goats in the corn group were fed a silage corn total mixed ration, in which the contents of acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, crude protein and digestible energy were 26.97%, 47.05%, 17.54% and 5.56 MJ/kg; goats in the mulberry leaf group were fed a silage mulberry leaf total mixed ration, in which the contents of acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, crude protein and digestible energy were 25.62%, 46.85%, 17.88% and 5.67 MJ/kg. The pre-experimental period lasted for 10 days, and the experimental period lasted for 42 days. The results showed as follows:1) the dry matter intake of mulberry leaf group was significantly higher than that of corn group (P<0.01), and the milk yield was significantly higher than that of corn group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in feed conversion rate between the two groups (P>0.05). 2) The milk protein percentage of mulberry leaf group was significantly higher than that of corn group (P<0.01), and the solids-not-fat content was significantly higher than that of corn group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in somatic cell count, milk fat percentage, lactose percentage and milk urea nitrogen content between the two groups (P>0.05). 3) The crude protein apparent digestibility of mulberry leaf group was significantly higher than that of corn group (P<0.01), and the acid detergent fiber apparent digestibility was significantly higher than that of corn group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in apparent digestibilities of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber and crude fat between the two groups (P>0.05). 4) The rumen fluid pH of mulberry leaf group was significantly lower than that of corn group (P<0.01), the concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and total volatile fatty acids in rumen fluid were significantly higher than those of corn group (P<0.01), and the concentration of isovaleric acid in rumen fluid was significantly higher than that of corn group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the concentrations of ammonium nitrogen, isobutyric acid and valeric acid between the two groups (P>0.05). 5) The serum high density lipoprotein content of mulberry leaf group was significantly higher than that of corn group (P<0.01), and the serum urea nitrogen content was significantly lower than that of corn group (P<0.01). There were no significant differences in the contents of total protein, albumin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, glucose and the activities of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and alkaline phosphatase in serum between the two groups (P>0.05). To sum up, under the conditions of this experiment, silage mulberry leaves in the same proportion instead of silage corn can promote rumen fermentation of dairy goats, increase nutrient apparent digestibilities, increase milk yield and improve milk quality.

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