实验方法与实验动物 EXPERIMENTAL METHOD AND ANIMAL

不同类型酒糟瘤胃发酵特性和甲烷产量的比较

  • 代秦丹 ,
  • 王之盛 ,
  • 胡瑞 ,
  • 周芯宇 ,
  • 祝伊枭 ,
  • 汪成 ,
  • 王雪莹 ,
  • 邹华围 ,
  • 师俊华 ,
  • 彭全辉 ,
  • 薛白 ,
  • 王立志
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  • 四川农业大学动物营养研究所, 四川省牛低碳养殖与安全生产高校重点实验室, 成都 611130
代秦丹(1995-),女,四川德阳人,硕士研究生,从事反刍动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:279168893@qq.com

收稿日期: 2020-11-18

  网络出版日期: 2021-06-10

基金资助

四川省科技计划资助"优质肉牛高效安全生产技术研发与产业化示范"(2018NZ0002)

Comparison of Rumen Fermentation Characteristics and Methane Production of Different Distillers Grains

  • DAI Qindan ,
  • WANG Zhisheng ,
  • HU Rui ,
  • ZHOU Xinyu ,
  • ZHU Yixiao ,
  • WANG Cheng ,
  • WANG Xueying ,
  • ZOU Huawei ,
  • SHI Junhua ,
  • PENG Quanhui ,
  • XUE Bai ,
  • WANG Lizhi
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  • Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Breeding and Safe Production of Cattle, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China

Received date: 2020-11-18

  Online published: 2021-06-10

摘要

本试验旨在通过体外产气法评定不同类型酒糟的瘤胃发酵特性及甲烷产量的差异。选用浓香型酒糟、酱香型酒糟、青稞糟、酱香型发酵酒糟、玉米酒精糟和啤酒糟为试验对象,进行体外发酵试验,记录产气量,测定发酵液中微生物蛋白含量、氨态氮和挥发性脂肪酸浓度以及甲烷、氢气和二氧化碳产量,并分析挥发性脂肪酸浓度和甲烷产量与营养成分之间的相关性。结果表明:1)青稞糟和玉米酒精糟体外发酵72 h累积产气量、理论最大产气量、丙酸/总挥发性脂肪酸以及二氧化碳产量均显著高于其他酒糟(P<0.05)。酱香型发酵酒糟累积产气量、理论最大产气量及总挥发性脂肪酸浓度显著低于其他酒糟(P<0.05)。发酵72 h,啤酒糟和青稞糟氨态氮浓度显著高于其他酒糟(P<0.05),而玉米酒精糟微生物蛋白含量显著高于其他酒糟(P<0.05)。发酵72 h,青稞糟甲烷产量最高,其次是玉米酒精糟和啤酒糟,而酱香型发酵酒糟和浓香型酒糟甲烷产量显著低于其他酒糟(P<0.05)。2)中性洗涤可溶物含量与总挥发性脂肪酸浓度、甲烷产量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与之相反,中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量与总挥发性脂肪酸浓度、甲烷产量呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。由此可见,青稞糟和玉米酒精糟瘤胃发酵效果要优于其他酒糟,可降解碳水化合物含量高,但其甲烷产量较高,不利于减排。而酱香型发酵酒糟的甲烷产量低于其他酒糟。不同类型酒糟中性洗涤可溶物含量越高,总挥发性脂肪酸浓度和甲烷产量越高。

本文引用格式

代秦丹 , 王之盛 , 胡瑞 , 周芯宇 , 祝伊枭 , 汪成 , 王雪莹 , 邹华围 , 师俊华 , 彭全辉 , 薛白 , 王立志 . 不同类型酒糟瘤胃发酵特性和甲烷产量的比较[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(6) : 3497 -3506 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.06.051

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rumen fermentation characteristics and methane production of different types of distiller's grains by in vitro gas production method. In this study, Luzhou-flavor distillers' grains, Maotai-flavor distillers' grains, highland barley grains, Maotai-flavor fermented distillers' grains, distillers dried grains with solubles and beer distillers' grains were selected as the experimental objects to perform the in vitro fermentation experiments. The microbial protein content, ammonia nitrogen, volatile fatty acids concentration, methane, hydrogen and carbon dioxide production in the fermentation broth were measured. Additionally, the correlation between volatile fatty acids concentration and methane production and nutritional components was analyzed. The results showed as follows:1) the cumulative gas production, theoretical maximum gas production, propionate/total volatile fatty acid and carbon dioxide production of highland barley grains and distillers dried grains with solubles after fermentation 72 h in vitro fermentation were significantly higher than those of other distillers' grains (P<0.05). The cumulative gas production, theoretical maximum gas production and total volatile fatty acid concentration of Maotai-flavor fermented distillers' grains were significantly lower than those of other distillers' grains (P<0.05). The concentration of ammonia nitrogen of beer distillers' grains and highland barley grains was significantly higher than that of other distiller's grains (P<0.05), and the microbial protein content of distillers dried grains with solubles was significantly higher than that of other distiller's grains (P<0.05). The methane production of highland barley grains was the highest after fermentation 72 h in vitro fermentation, followed by distillers dried grains with solubles and beer distillers' grains, while the methane production of Maotai-flavor distillers' grains and Luzhou-flavor distillers' grains was significantly lower than that of other distiller's grains (P<0.05). 2) The neutral detergent soluble matter content was positively correlated with total volatile fatty acid concentration and methane production (P<0.05). On the contrary, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents were negatively correlated with total volatile fatty acid concentration and methane production (P<0.05). Therefore, due to the high degradable carbohydrates, the rumen fermentation effect of highland barley grains and distillers dried grains with solubles are better than other distillers' grains. However, the highland barley grains and distillers dried grains with solubles display high methane production, which is not conducive to emission reduction. The methane production of Maotai-flavor fermented distillers' grains is the lowest. Furthermore, the neutral detergent soluble matter content show positive correlation with total volatile fatty acid concentration and methane production.

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