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复合益生菌与黄芪多糖对生长育肥猪生长性能、血清生化指标和粪便微生物的影响

  • 张阳 ,
  • 吕慧源 ,
  • 徐盛玉 ,
  • 方正锋 ,
  • 冯斌 ,
  • 车炼强 ,
  • 林燕 ,
  • 卓勇 ,
  • 李健 ,
  • 江雪梅 ,
  • 赵希仑 ,
  • 吴德
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  • 1. 四川农业大学动物营养研究所, 成都 611130;
    2. 北京生泰尔生物科技股份有限公司, 北京 102600
张阳(1996-),男,重庆人,硕士研究生,从事猪营养研究。E-mail:790441469@qq.com

收稿日期: 2020-11-27

  网络出版日期: 2021-06-10

基金资助

国家现代农业产业技术体系四川生猪创新团队(scsztd-2020-08)

Effects of Compound Probiotics and Astragalus Polysaccharide on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indices and Fecal Microorganism of Growing-Finishing Pigs

  • ZHANG Yang ,
  • LYU Huiyuan ,
  • XU Shengyu ,
  • FANG Zhengfeng ,
  • FENG Bin ,
  • CHE Lianqiang ,
  • LIN Yan ,
  • ZHUO Yong ,
  • LI Jian ,
  • JIANG Xuemei ,
  • ZHAO Xilun ,
  • WU De
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  • 1. Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
    2. Beijing Centre Biology Co., Ltd., Beijing 102600, China

Received date: 2020-11-27

  Online published: 2021-06-10

摘要

本试验旨在研究复合益生菌与黄芪多糖(APS)对生长育肥猪生长性能、血清生化指标和粪便微生物的影响。试验采用2×2双因素试验设计,选取80头健康状况、体重[(33.5±0.8)kg]相近的"杜×长×大"生长猪,根据体重随机分为4组(每组5个重复,每个重复4头猪),分别饲喂基础饲粮(对照组)、基础饲粮+5×108 CFU/kg复合益生菌(复合益生菌组)、基础饲粮+0.1% APS(APS组)、基础饲粮+5×108 CFU/kg复合益生菌+0.1% APS(复合益生菌+APS组)。试验期为84 d。结果表明:1)第29~56天,与对照组相比,饲粮添加复合益生菌有提高生长育肥猪平均日采食量(ADFI)的趋势(P=0.065),且显著提高料重比(F/G)(P<0.05)。2)各组生长育肥猪血清生化指标均无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮添加APS显著降低了生长育肥猪粪便微生物的Ace指数和Chao1指数(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,饲粮添加复合益生菌有降低生长育肥猪粪便样品中厚壁菌门相对丰度的趋势(P=0.071),有提高拟杆菌门相对丰度的趋势(P=0.061),有降低厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门值的趋势(P=0.050)。5)复合益生菌与APS对生长育肥猪粪便样品中毛螺菌科XPB1014群属相对丰度存在互作效应(P<0.05);与对照组相比,复合益生菌组和APS组毛螺菌科XPB1014群属相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05),而与复合益生菌组和APS组相比,复合益生菌+APS组毛螺菌科XPB1014群属相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。6)与对照组相比,饲粮添加复合益生菌极显著降低生长育肥猪粪中乙酸和丙酸的含量(P<0.01),同时显著降低粪中丁酸的含量(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮添加复合益生菌通过提高生长育肥猪ADFI,从而显著提高相应F/G,同时降低粪便中厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门值及短链脂肪酸含量;饲粮添加APS显著降低了生长育肥猪粪便微生物的多样性;复合益生菌与APS对生长育肥猪生长性能和血清生化指标无互作效应,对生长育肥猪粪便微生物中的毛螺菌科XPB1014群属的相对丰度存在互作效应,但表现为拮抗作用。

本文引用格式

张阳 , 吕慧源 , 徐盛玉 , 方正锋 , 冯斌 , 车炼强 , 林燕 , 卓勇 , 李健 , 江雪梅 , 赵希仑 , 吴德 . 复合益生菌与黄芪多糖对生长育肥猪生长性能、血清生化指标和粪便微生物的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(6) : 3542 -3553 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.06.056

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of compound probiotics and Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) on growth performance, serum biochemical indices and fecal microorganism of growing-finishing pigs. In the experiment, a 2×2 double factor design was used and a total of 80 healthy growing pigs (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) with similar body weight of (33.5±0.8) kg were randomly assigned into 4 groups (5 replicates in each group and 4 pigs in each replicate) on the basis of their initial body weight. They were fed a basal diet (control group), the basal diet supplemented with 5×108 CFU/kg compound probiotics (compound probiotics group), the basal diet supplemented with 0.1% APS (APS group), and the basal diet supplemented with 5×108 CFU/kg compound probiotics and 0.1% APS (compound probiotics+APS group), respectively. The experiment lasted for 84 days. The results showed as follows:1) from day 29 to 56, compared with the control group, dietary compound probiotics tended to increase the average daily feed intake (ADFI) of growing-finishing pigs (P=0.065), and significantly increased the ratio of feed to gain (F/G) (P<0.05). 2) There were no significant differences in serum biochemical indices of growing-finishing pigs among all groups (P>0.05). 3) Compared with the control group, dietary APS significantly decreased the Ace index and Chao1 index in fecal microorganism of growing-finishing pigs (P<0.05). 4) Compared with the control group, dietary compound probiotics tended to decrease the relative abundance of Firmicutes (P=0.071), increase the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes (P=0.061), and decrease the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (P=0.050) in fecal samples of growing-finishing pigs. 5) Compound probiotics and APS had an interaction effect on the relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014_group in feces of growing-finishing pigs (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014_group in the compound probiotics group and the APS group was significantly increased (P<0.05), while compared with the compound probiotics group and the APS group, the relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014_group in the compound probiotics+APS group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 6) Compared with the control group, dietary compound probiotics extremely significantly decreased the contents of acetic acid and propionic acid in feces of growing-finishing pigs (P<0.01), and significantly decreased the butyric acid content in feces (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary compound probiotics can significantly increase the corresponding F/G by increasing the ADFI of growing-finishing pigs, and reduce the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes in feces and the short-chain fatty acid content; dietary APS can significantly reduce the fecal microorganism diversity of growing-finishing pigs; compound probiotics and APS have no interaction effect on growth performance and serum biochemical indices of growing-finishing pigs, but have an antagonistic effect on the relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014_group in fecal microorganism of growing-finishing pigs.

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