禽营养与饲料 POULTRY NUTRITION AND FEED

饲粮发酵棉籽粕水平对28~70日龄马冈鹅生长性能、屠宰性能、肠道形态结构及回肠黏膜免疫屏障相关基因表达的影响

  • 申佳佳 ,
  • 汪珩 ,
  • 张艺 ,
  • 陈俊鹏 ,
  • 许克铨 ,
  • 王旭龙 ,
  • 王文策 ,
  • 朱勇文 ,
  • 杨琳
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  • 1. 华南农业大学动物科学学院, 广东省动物营养调控重点实验室, 广州 510642;
    2. 汕头市白沙禽畜原种研究所, 汕头 515800
申佳佳(1996-),女,山西长治人,硕士研究生,动物营养与饲料科学专业。E-mail:1904076546@qq.com

收稿日期: 2020-12-15

  网络出版日期: 2021-07-06

基金资助

国家现代农业产业技术体系水禽产业技术体系(CARS-42-15);国家自然科学基金项目(31972584);广东省-温氏联合自然基金重点项目(2019B1515210031)

Effects of Dietary Fermented Cottonseed Meal Level on Growth Performance, Slaughter Performance, Intestinal Morphology and Expression of Immune Barrier Related Genes in Ileum Mucosa of Magang Geese during 28 to 70 Days of Age

  • SHEN Jiajia ,
  • WANG Heng ,
  • ZHANG Yi ,
  • CHEN Junpeng ,
  • XU Kequan ,
  • WANG Xulong ,
  • WANG Wence ,
  • ZHU Yongwen ,
  • YANG Lin
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  • 1. Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
    2. Baisha Institute of Livestock and Poultry, Shantou 515800, China

Received date: 2020-12-15

  Online published: 2021-07-06

Supported by

 

摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮发酵棉籽粕水平对28~70日龄马冈鹅生长性能、屠宰性能、肠道形态结构及回肠黏膜免疫屏障相关基因表达的影响。选择体重相近、健康的28日龄马冈鹅公鹅432只,随机分成6个组,每组6个重复,每个重复12只。各组饲粮发酵棉籽粕水平分别为0(对照组)、5%、10%、15%、20%和25%(游离棉酚含量分别为0、22、44、66、88和110 mg/kg)。试验期42 d。结果表明:1)饲粮发酵棉籽粕水平对28~70日龄马冈鹅平均日增重和平均日采食量无显著影响(P>0.05)。20%和25%发酵棉籽粕水平组的料重比显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。2)饲粮发酵棉籽粕水平对70日龄马冈鹅屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率、腹脂率均无显著影响(P>0.05)。25%发酵棉籽粕水平组的腿肌率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。3)饲粮发酵棉籽粕水平对70日龄肉鹅十二指肠、回肠、盲肠和总肠道相对长度以及空肠、回肠、盲肠、直肠和总肠道相对重量均无显著影响(P>0.05)。25%发酵棉籽粕水平组空肠、直肠相对长度显著高于对照组和15%发酵棉籽粕水平组(P<0.05),十二指肠相对重量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。4)饲粮发酵棉籽粕水平对十二指肠隐窝深度、绒毛高度/隐窝深度,空肠绒毛高度、隐窝深度、绒毛高度/隐窝深度,回肠绒毛高度、绒毛高度/隐窝深度均无显著影响(P>0.05)。15%和25%发酵棉籽粕水平组十二指肠绒毛高度显著低于对照组(P<0.05),15%发酵棉籽粕水平组回肠隐窝深度显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。5)饲粮发酵棉籽粕水平对回肠黏膜闭锁蛋白(Claudin)的mRNA相对表达量无显著影响(P>0.05)。25%发酵棉籽粕水平组的回肠黏膜闭锁小环蛋白-1(ZO-1)、咬合蛋白(Occludin)、核因子-κB(NF-κB)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)的mRNA相对表达量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),回肠黏膜白细胞介素-10(IL-10)的mRNA相对表达量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮发酵棉籽粕水平过高可引起肠道形态结构和免疫屏障功能受损,导致饲料转化率降低,推荐28~70日龄马冈鹅饲粮发酵棉籽粕水平不高于20%(游离棉酚含量不高于88 mg/kg)。

本文引用格式

申佳佳 , 汪珩 , 张艺 , 陈俊鹏 , 许克铨 , 王旭龙 , 王文策 , 朱勇文 , 杨琳 . 饲粮发酵棉籽粕水平对28~70日龄马冈鹅生长性能、屠宰性能、肠道形态结构及回肠黏膜免疫屏障相关基因表达的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(7) : 3873 -3884 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.07.029

Abstract

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary fermented cottonseed meal level on growth performance, slaughter performance, intestinal morphology and expression of immune barrier related genes in ileum mucosa of Magang geese during 28 to 70 days of age. A total of 432 healthy 28-day-old geese with similar body weight were randomly divided into 6 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 12 geese in each replicate. Dietary fermented cottonseed meal levels of 6 groups were 0 (control group), 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% (the contents of free gossypol were 0, 22, 44, 66, 88 and 110 mg/kg), respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The results showed as follows:1) dietary fermented cottonseed meal level had no significant effects on the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of Magang geese during 28 to 70 days of age (P>0.05). The feed to gain ratio of 20% and 25% fermented cottonseed meal level groups was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). 2) Dietary fermented cottonseed meal level had no significant effects on the dressing percentage, semi-eviscerated percentage, eviscerated percentage, breast muscle percentage and abdominal fat percentage of Magang geese at 70 days of age (P>0.05). The leg muscle percentage of 25% fermented cottonseed meal level group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). 3) Dietary fermented cottonseed meal level had no significant effects on the relative length of duodenum, ileum, cecum and total intestine and relative weight of jejunum, ileum, cecum, rectum and total intestine of Magang geese at 70 days of age (P>0.05). The relative length of jejunum and rectum of 25% fermented cottonseed meal level group was significantly higher than that of the control group and 15% fermented cottonseed meal level group (P<0.05), and the relative weight of duodenum was significantly higher than that of other groups (P<0.05). 4) Dietary fermented cottonseed meal level had no significant effects on the crypt depth and villus height/crypt depth in duodenum, the villus height, crypt depth and villus height/crypt depth in jejunum, and the villus height and height/crypt depth in ileum (P>0.05). The villus height in duodenum of 15% and 25% fermented cottonseed meal level groups was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05), and the crypt depth of 15% fermented cottonseed meal level group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). 5) Dietary fermented cottonseed meal level had no significant effect on mRNA relative expression level of Claudin in ileal mucosa (P>0.05). The mRNA relative expression levels of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), Occludin, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in ileal mucosa of 25% fermented cottonseed meal level group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05), and the mRNA relative expression level of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in ileal mucosa was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the excessive dietary fermented cottonseed meal level can cause damage to the intestinal morphology and immune barrier function, which lead to reduce feed conversion efficiency. It is recommended that the excessive dietary fermented cottonseed meal level of Magang geese during 28 to 70 days of age is not higher than 20% (free gossypol content is not higher than 88 mg/kg).

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