反刍与草食动物营养与饲料 RUMINANT AND HERBIVORE NUTRITION AND FEED

青海地区不同海拔高度天然牧草与牦牛乳常规营养指标的相关性分析

  • 马静 ,
  • 柴沙驼 ,
  • 孙璐 ,
  • 刘书杰
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  • 1. 青海大学畜牧兽医科学院, 西宁 810016;
    2. 青海高原牦牛研究中心, 西宁 810016;
    3. 青海省高原放牧家畜动物营养与饲料科学重点实验室, 西宁 810016;
    4. 青海大学高原生态与农业国家重点实验室, 西宁 810016
马静(1997-),女,青海刚察人,硕士研究生,动物营养与饲料科学专业。E-mail:2423940958@qq.com

收稿日期: 2021-03-11

  网络出版日期: 2021-08-11

基金资助

青海省重点实验室专项(2013-Z-Y03);青海省牛产业科技创新平台

Correlation Analysis of Conventional Nutritional Indexes of Yak Milk and Natural Forage at Different Altitudes in Qinghai Area

  • MA Jing ,
  • CHAI Shatuo ,
  • SUN Lu ,
  • LIU Shujie
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  • 1. Academy of Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
    2. Qinghai Plateau Yak Research Center, Xining 810016, China;
    3. Key Laboratory of Plateau Grazing Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Qinghai Province, Xining 810016, China;
    4. State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China

Received date: 2021-03-11

  Online published: 2021-08-11

Supported by

 

摘要

本试验旨在探究青海地区不同海拔高度天然牧草与牦牛乳常规营养指标之间的关系。以青海省8个不同海拔高度地区(称多县歇武镇、囊谦县、曲麻莱县长江村、天峻县织合玛乡、玉树州果青牧场、共和县倒淌河、贵南县塔秀乡达隆村、海晏县)的牦牛乳和牧草为研究对象,对其常规营养指标进行测定,并对牧草与牦牛乳常规营养指标的相关性进行分析。结果显示:海拔高度显著影响牧草的粗灰分、酸性洗涤纤维、粗蛋白质含量(P<0.05),以海拔高度较高的曲麻莱县长江村和称多县歇武镇歇武村牧草的粗蛋白质含量较高。海拔高度对牦牛乳的脂肪、蛋白质、乳糖、非脂固形物、总固形物含量及冰点、密度、酸度、电导率有显著影响(P<0.05),以海拔高度较高的称多县歇武镇歇武村和曲麻莱县长江村牦牛乳的蛋白质和脂肪含量较高。牦牛乳的脂肪含量、冰点及密度与牧草的粗灰分含量相关性较高,牦牛乳的蛋白质、乳糖、非脂固形物含量及电导率与牧草的酸性洗涤纤维含量相关性较高。综上所述,不同海拔高度牧草和牦牛乳常规营养指标存在差异,高寒草甸牧草的粗蛋白质含量普遍高于温性草原牧草。不同海拔高度牦牛乳常规营养指标存在差异,高寒草甸牦牛乳的蛋白质和脂肪含量较温性草原牧场牦牛乳高。牧草的粗灰分和酸性洗涤纤维含量与牦牛乳品质密切相关。

本文引用格式

马静 , 柴沙驼 , 孙璐 , 刘书杰 . 青海地区不同海拔高度天然牧草与牦牛乳常规营养指标的相关性分析[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(8) : 4502 -4510 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.08.030

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to explore the relationship between conventional nutritional indexes of yak milk and natural forage at different altitudes in Qinghai area. Yak milk and forage from eight different altitude areas in Qinghai Province (Xiewu Town, Chengduo County; Changjiang Village, Qumalai County; Nangqian County; Zhihema Township, Tianjun County; Yushu Prefecture, Guoqing Ranch; Daotang River, Gonghe County; Dalong Village, Taxiu Township, Guinan County; Haiyan County) were collected to measure the conventional nutritional indexes, and to analyze the relationship between conventional nutritional indexes of yak milk and forage. The results showed that altitude had significant differences in the contents of ash, acid detergent fiber (ADF) and crude protein of forage (P<0.05), and forages in Changjiang Village, Qumalai County and Xiewu Village, Xiewu Town, Chenduo County had higher crude protein content. The differences in the contents of fat, protein, lactose, non-fat solids, total solids, and freezing point, density, acidity and electrical conductivity in yak milk at different altitudes were significant (P<0.05). Yak milk in Xiewu Village, Xiewu Town, Chenduo County, and Changjiang Village, Qumalai County, which had higher altitudes, had higher protein and fat contents. Yak milk fat content, freezing point and density had a higher correlation with forage ash content. Yak milk protein, lactose, non-fat solids contents and electrical conductivity had a higher correlation with forage ADF content. In summary, the conventional nutritional indexes of forage and yak milk at different altitudes are different. The crude protein content of forage from alpine meadow pasture is generally higher than that of forage from temperate grassland pasture. The conventional nutritional indexes of yak milk at different altitudes are different. The protein and fat contents of yak milk from alpine meadows pasture is higher than that of yak milk from warm grassland pasture. The contents of ash and ADF of forage are closely related to the quality of yak milk.

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