动物营养学报 >

2021 , Vol. 33 >Issue 8: 4769 - 4778

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.08.055

研究简报 SHORT COMMUNICATION

不同光照条件对后备母猪生长性能、初情启动和血清激素指标的影响

  • 彭继勇 ,
  • 王坤 ,
  • 卓勇 ,
  • 李健 ,
  • 林燕 ,
  • 徐盛玉 ,
  • 车炼强 ,
  • 冯斌 ,
  • 吴德 ,
  • 方正锋
展开
  • 四川农业大学动物营养研究所, 教育部动物抗病营养重点实验室, 成都 611130
彭继勇(1993-),男,四川泸州人,硕士研究生,动物营养与饲料科学专业。E-mail:pengjiyong1993@outlook.com

收稿日期: 2021-01-29

  网络出版日期: 2021-08-11

基金资助

国家重点研发计划（2016YFD0500506）

收起

Effects of Different Light Conditions on Growth Performance, Onset of Puberty and Serum Hormone Indexes of Replacement Gilts

  • PENG Jiyong ,
  • WANG Kun ,
  • ZHUO Yong ,
  • LI Jian ,
  • LIN Yan ,
  • XU Shengyu ,
  • CHE Lianqiang ,
  • FENG Bin ,
  • WU De ,
  • FANG Zhengfeng
Expand
  • Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China

Received date: 2021-01-29

  Online published: 2021-08-11

Supported by

 

Fold

摘要

本试验旨在研究不同光照条件（光照周期和光照强度）对后备母猪生长性能、初情启动和血清激素指标的影响。试验选取体况优良、血缘相近、（140±3）日龄、体重（66±7） kg、健康的二元杂交后备母猪72头，随机分为3组，每组12个重复，每个重复2头猪。试验Ⅰ组：10 h光照、14 h黑暗（10L ： 14D），光照强度为100 lx；试验Ⅱ组：16 h光照、8 h黑暗（16L ： 8D），光照强度为100 lx；试验Ⅲ组：16 h光照、8 h黑暗（16L ： 8D），光照强度为50 lx。预试期10 d，正试期78 d。结果表明：1）171~200日龄，在100 lx光照强度下，16L ： 8D光照周期较10L ： 14D光照周期有降低后备母猪料重比的趋势（P=0.068）。光照强度对后备母猪生长性能无显著影响（P>0.05）。2）在16L ： 8D光照周期下，50 lx光照强度较100 lx光照强度有降低后备母猪初情体重的趋势（P=0.086）。试验Ⅲ组后备母猪的初情体重和初情日龄最低，发情率最高。3）170日龄时，在100 lx光照强度下，16L ： 8D光照周期较10L ： 14D光照周期极显著提高了后备母猪血清促卵泡激素（FSH）浓度（P<0.01），10L ： 14D光照周期较16L ： 8D光照周期显著提高了母猪血清胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ（IGF-Ⅰ）浓度（P<0.05）。在16L ： 8D光照周期下，100 lx光照强度较50 lx光照强度显著提高了后备母猪血清FSH和促黄体激素（LH）浓度（P<0.05）。4）200日龄时，在16L ： 8D光照周期下，100 lx光照强度较50 lx光照强度显著提高了后备母猪血清LH浓度（P<0.05），极显著提高了血清褪黑激素浓度（P<0.01），极显著降低了血清瘦素浓度（P<0.01），并有提高血清FSH浓度（P=0.077）和降低血清IGF-Ⅰ浓度（P=0.055）的趋势。综上所述，每日光照时长从10 h延长至16 h有助于提高后备母猪饲料利用率，促进初情启动相关激素的分泌，光照强度对后备母猪生长性能和初情表现的影响较小，生产中推荐提供50 lx的光照强度。

关键词： 光照周期; 光照强度; 后备母猪; 生长性能; 初情启动; 激素

本文引用格式

彭继勇 , 王坤 , 卓勇 , 李健 , 林燕 , 徐盛玉 , 车炼强 , 冯斌 , 吴德 , 方正锋 . 不同光照条件对后备母猪生长性能、初情启动和血清激素指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(8) : 4769 -4778 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.08.055

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different light conditions (light cycle and light intensity) on growth performance, onset of puberty and serum hormone indexes of replacement gilts. A total of 72 two-way cross replacement gilts with good body condition, similar consanguinity, (140±3) days of age and body weight of (66±7) kg were randomly allocated into 3 groups with 12 replicates per group and 2 pigs per replicate. Experimental group Ⅰ:10 h illumination and 14 h darkness (10L:14D), and the light intensity was 100 lx; experimental group Ⅱ:16 h illumination and 8 h darkness (16L:8D), and the light intensity was 100 lx; experimental group Ⅲ:16 h illumination and 8 h darkness (16L:8D), and the light intensity was 50 lx. The pre-experiment lasted for 10 days and the experiment lasted for 78 days. The results showed as follows:1) during 171 to 200 days of age, under 100 lx light intensity, 16L:8D light cycle had a tendency to reduce the feed to gain ratio of replacement gilts compared with 10L:14D light cycle (P=0.068). Light intensity had no significant effect on growth performance of replacement gilts (P>0.05). 2) Under 16L:8D light cycle, 50 lx light intensity had a tendency to reduce the weight of puberty of replacement gilts compared with 100 lx light intensity (P=0.086). The weight of puberty and age of puberty of replacement gilts in experimental group Ⅲ were the lowest, and the estrus rate was the highest. 3) On 170 days of age, under 100 lx light intensity, 16L:8D light cycle significantly increased the serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) concentration of replacement gilts compared with 10L:14D light cycle (P<0.01), 10L:14D light cycle significantly increased the serum insulin like growth factor-Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ) concentration of replacement gilts compared with 16L:8D light cycle (P<0.05). Under 16L:8D light cycle, 100 lx light intensity significantly increased the concentrations of FSH and luteinizing hormone (LH) in serum of replacement gilts compared with 50 lx light intensity (P<0.05). 4) On 170 days of age, under 16L:8D light cycle, 100 lx light intensity significantly increased the serum LH concentration of replacement gilts compared with 50 lx light intensity (P<0.05), significantly increased the serum melatonin concentration (P<0.01), significantly decreased the serum leptin concentration (P<0.01), and had tendencies to increase the serum FSH concentration (P=0.077) and decrease the serum IGF-Ⅰ concentration (P=0.055). In conclusion, extending daily light duration from 10 hours to 16 hours can help to improve feed conversion rate of gilts, promote the secretion of hormone related to estrus initiation, whereas light intensity showed little effect on growth performance and puberty performance of replacement gilts. It is preferential to recommend 50 lx light intensity in production.

Key words： light cycle; lighting intensity; replacement gilts; growth performance; onset of puberty; hormone

参考文献

[1] 彭癸友,覃发芬.光照对母猪几项繁殖指标的影响[J].当代畜牧,2002(7):21-26. PENG G Y,QIN F F.Effects of light on several reproductive indexes of sows[J].Contemporary Animal Husbandry,2002(7):21-26.(in Chinese)
[2] SURMUHIN A F,CEREMNYH V D,TIMOFEEV V P,et al.Development of gilts subjected to different light regimes[J].Trudy Sverdlovsk Sel'-Khoz Inst,1970(9):253.
[3] SURMUHIN A F,CEREMNYH V D.The effect of light on the development of the reproductive organs in gilts[J].Sel'sko-Khozyaistvennaya Biologiya,1970(2):104-107.
[4] HACKER R R,KING G J,NTUNDE B N,et al.Plasma oestrogen,progesterone and other reproductive responses of gilts to photoperiods[J].Journal of Reproduction and Fertility,1979,57(2):447-451.  
[5] CANADAY D C,SALAK-JOHNSON J L,VISCONTI A M,et al.Effect of variability in lighting and temperature environments for mature gilts housed in gestation crates on measures of reproduction and animal well-being[J].Journal of Animal Science,2013,91(3):1225-1236.  
[6] DIEKMAN M A,GRIEGER D M.Influence of varying intensities of supplemental lighting during decreasing daylengths on puberty in gilts[J].Animal Reproduction Science,1988,16(3/4):295-301.
[7] BRUININX E M A M,HEETKAMP M J W,VAN DEN BOGAART D,et al.A prolonged photoperiod improves feed intake and energy metabolism of weanling pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2002,80(7):1736-1745.  
[8] CHRISTISON G I.Dim light does not reduce fighting or wounding of newly mixed pigs at weaning[J].Canadian Journal of Animal Science,1996,76(1):141-143.  
[9] NTUNDE B N,HACKER R R,KING G J.Influence of photoperiod on growth,puberty and plasma LH levels in gilts[J].Journal of Animal Science,1979,48(6):1401-1406.  
[10] 朱碧泉,李卓昭,吴德,等.梅山与长大母猪下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴Kiss1和GPR54基因的表达差异[J].中国畜牧杂志,2011,47(13):21-25,70. ZHU B Q,LI Z Z,WU D,et al.The difference of Kiss1 and GPR54 gene expression in hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis of meishan and LY breed gilts[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2011,47(13):21-25,70.(in Chinese)
[11] IIDA R,KOKETSU Y.Delayed age of gilts at first mating associated with photoperiod and number of hot days in humid subtropical areas[J].Animal Reproduction Science,2013,139(1/2/3/4):115-120.
[12] MAUGET R.Seasonality of reproduction in the wild boar[M]//COLE D J A,FOXCROFT G R.Control of pig reproduction.New York:Elsevier Ltd.,1982:509-526.
[13] DIEKMAN M A,HOAGLAND T A.Influence of supplemental lighting during periods of increasing or decreasing daylength on the onset of puberty in gilts[J].Journal of Animal Science,1983,57(5):1235-1242.  
[14] LEVINE J E,RAMIREZ V D.Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone release during the rat estrous cycle and after ovariectomy,as estimated with push-pull cannulae[J].Endocrinology,1982,111(5):1439-1448.  
[15] CAMOUS S,PRUNIER A,PELLETIER J.Plasma prolactin,LH,FSH and estrogen excretion patterns in gilts during sexual development[J].Journal of Animal Science,1985,60(5):1308-1317.  
[16] 田晓康,仲蕊,钱冰,等.光照强度和光照时间对性未成熟小鼠雌二醇的影响[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2015,23(2):150-152. TIAN X K,ZHONG R,QIAN B,et al.Effect of illumination inttensity and time on estradiol of immature mouse[J].Chinese Journal of Child Health Care,2015,23(2):150-152.(in Chinese)
[17] MATAMOROS I A,COX N M,MOORE A B.Effects of exogenous insulin and body condition on metabolic hormones and gonadotropin-induced follicular development in prepuberal gilts[J].Journal of Animal Science,1991,69(5):2081-2091.  
[18] WEBB R G,GARNSWORTHY P C,GONG J G,et al.Control of follicular growth:local interactions and nutritional influences[J].Journal of Animal Science,2004,82(Suppl):E63-E74.
[19] AHIMA R S,SAPER C B,FLIER J S,et al.Leptin regulation of neuroendocrine systems[J].Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology,2000,21(3):263-307.  
[20] GREISEN S,LEDET T,MØLLER N,et al.Effects of leptin on basal and FSH stimulated steroidogenesis in human granulosa luteal cells[J].Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica,2000,79(11):931-935.
[21] RUIZ-CORTÉS Z T,MARTEL-KENNES Y,GÉVRY N Y,et al.Biphasic effects of leptin in porcine granulosa cells[J].Biology of Reproduction,2003,68(3):789-796.  
[22] GRIFFITH M K,MINTON J E.Effect of light intensity on circadian profiles of melatonin,prolactin,ACTH,and cortisol in pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,1992,70(2):492-498.  
[23] REITER R J.Pineal melatonin:cell biology of its synthesis and of its physiological interactions[J].Endocrine Reviews,1991,12(2):151-180.  
[24] 杨宝进,郭凯军.褪黑激素:哺乳动物繁殖的调节信号[J].郑州牧业工程高等专科学校学报,1997,17(3):19-23. YANG B J,GUO K J.Melatonin:a regulatory signal for mammalian reproduction[J].Journal of Zhengzhou College of Animal Husbandry Engineering,1997,17(3):19-23.(in Chinese)
[25] ALEANDRI V,SPINA V,MORINI A.The pineal gland and reproduction[J].Human Reproduction Update,1996,2(3):225-235.  
[26] REPPERT S M,WEAVER D R,EBISAWA T.Cloning and characterization of a mammalian melatonin receptor that mediates reproductive and circadian responses[J].Neuron,1994,13(5):1177-1185.  
[27] REPPERT S M,GODSON C,MAHLE C D,et al.Molecular characterization of a second melatonin receptor expressed in human retina and brain:the Mel1b melatonin receptor[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,1995,92(19):8734-8738.  
[28] ROY D,ANGELINI N L,FUJIEDA H,et al.Cyclical regulation of GnRH gene expression in GT1-7 GnRH-secreting neurons by melatonin[J].Endocrinology,2001,142(11):4711-4720.  
[29] CAHILL G M,BESHARSE J C.Resetting the circadian clock in cultured xenopus eyecups:regulation of retinal melatonin rhythms by light and D2 dopamine receptors[J].The Journal of Neuroscience,1991,11(10):2959-2971.  
[30] IUVONE P M,BESHARSE J C.Regulation of indoleamine N-acetyltransferase activity in the retina:effects of light and dark,protein synthesis inhibitors and cyclic nucleotide analogs[J].Brain Research,1983,273(1):111-119.  
[31] BESHARSE J C,IUVONE P M.Circadian clock in xenopus eye controlling retinal serotonin N-acetyltransferase[J].Nature,1983,305(5930):133-135.  
[32] GREEN C B,LIANG M Y,STEENHARD B M,et al.Ontogeny of circadian and light regulation of melatonin release in xenopus laevis embryos[J].Developmental Brain Research,1999,117(1):109-116.  
[33] TAST A,LOVE R J,EVANS G,et al.The photophase light intensity does not affect the scotophase melatonin response in the domestic pig[J].Animal Reproduction Science,2001,65(3/4):283-290.
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉

    联系我们

  • 地址：北京市海淀区圆明园西路2号
    　　　中国农业大学动科动医大楼153室
  • 邮编：100193
  • 电话：010－62817823
  • 网址：http://www.chinajan.com
  • E-mail：cjan@chinajan.com
京公网安备 11010802041926号    京ICP备17050989号-2