反刍与草食动物营养与饲料 RUMINANT AND HERBIVORE NUTRITION AND FEED

生姜茎叶营养价值及其在奶牛瘤胃中的降解特性研究

  • 李平 ,
  • 王富伟 ,
  • 邵大富 ,
  • 李毓华 ,
  • 毕小兵 ,
  • 张乃锋 ,
  • 屠焰 ,
  • 刁其玉 ,
  • 毕研亮
展开
  • 1. 山东省潍坊市峡山区农业农村和水资源局, 潍坊 261325;
    2. 北京首农畜牧发展有限公司, 北京 100076;
    3. 中国农业科学院信息所, 北京 100081;
    4. 宁夏固原市畜牧技术推广服务中心, 固原 756000;
    5. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 农业部饲料生物技术重点实验室, 北京 100081
李平(1986-),女,山东蒙阴人,兽医师,硕士,从事动物营养和饲料科学研究、动物疫病防控等。E-mail:liping1022@163.com

收稿日期: 2021-03-14

  网络出版日期: 2021-10-16

基金资助

国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0501600)

Nutritional Value and Ruminal Degradation Characteristics of Ginger Stems and Leaves in Dairy Cows

  • LI Ping ,
  • WANG Fuwei ,
  • SHAO Dafu ,
  • LI Yuhua ,
  • BI Xiaobing ,
  • ZHANG Naifeng ,
  • TU Yan ,
  • DIAO Qiyu ,
  • BI Yanliang
Expand
  • 1. Bureau of Agriculture, Rural Affairs and Water Resources in Xiashan District, Weifang 261325, China;
    2. Beijing Capital Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Development Co., Ltd., Beijing 100076, China;
    3. Agricultural Information Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
    4. Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Service Center, Guyuan 756000, China;
    5. Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Beijing 100081, China

Received date: 2021-03-14

  Online published: 2021-10-16

Supported by

 

摘要

本试验旨在研究生姜茎叶的营养价值及其在奶牛瘤胃中的降解特性,探索生姜茎叶在反刍动物饲粮中的应用潜力。概略养分分析方法检测生姜茎叶常规营养成分的含量,并以3头安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的奶牛为试验动物,采用尼龙袋法测定生姜茎叶干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)在奶牛瘤胃内的降解率和降解参数。结果表明:新鲜生姜茎叶中初水分含量为90.91%,风干样中DM含量为93.28%,生姜茎叶(DM基础)中有机物(OM)、粗脂肪(EE)、CP、NDF、ADF、钙(Ca)和磷(P)的含量分别为83.52%、3.51%、17.24%、47.36%、27.99%、1.20%和0.25%。生姜茎叶DM、CP、NDF和ADF 72 h瘤胃降解率分别为74.62%、57.29%、68.09%和66.78%,有效降解率分别为53.80%、40.82%、49.37%和48.75%。通过对生姜茎叶的营养成分及其在奶牛瘤胃中的降解特性分析得出,生姜茎叶的CP和EE含量较高,NDF和ADF含量相对较低,同时营养成分有较高的瘤胃降解率,可作为优质粗饲料资源用于反刍动物生产。

本文引用格式

李平 , 王富伟 , 邵大富 , 李毓华 , 毕小兵 , 张乃锋 , 屠焰 , 刁其玉 , 毕研亮 . 生姜茎叶营养价值及其在奶牛瘤胃中的降解特性研究[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(10) : 5701 -5707 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.10.029

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the nutritional value and ruminal degradation characteristics of ginger stems and leaves in dairy cows, and to explore the possibility of using ginger stems and leaves as a feed resource for ruminants. The contents of nutrients in ginger stems and leaves were determined by chemical analysis. The degradation rates and degradation parameters of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) in ginger stems and leaves were determined using 3 dairy cows with permanent rumen fistulas. The results showed as follows:the contents of primary moisture, DM, organic matter (OM), CP, crude fat (EE), NDF, ADF, calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) in fresh ginger stems and leaves were 90.91%, 93.28%, 83.52%, 17.24%, 3.51%, 47.36%, 27.99%, 1.20% and 0.25%, respectively. The rumen degradation rates of DM, CP, NDF and ADF in ginger stems and leaves were 74.62%, 57.29%, 68.09% and 66.78% after 72 h, and the effective degradation rates were 53.80%, 40.82%, 49.37% and 48.75%, respectively. In conclusion, the ginger stems and leaves have high CP and EE contents and low NDF and ADF contents, and the nutrients in ginger stem and leaves have high rumen disappearance rates. The ginger stems and leaves could be used as a high-quality roughage resource for ruminant production.

参考文献

[1] 张晶, 吴建寨, 孔繁涛, 等.2020年我国蔬菜市场运行分析与2021年展望[J].中国蔬菜, 2021(1):4-10. ZHANG J, WU J Z, KONG F T, et al.Analysis of China vegetable market operation in 2020 and prospect in 2021[J].China Vegetables, 2021(1):4-10.(in Chinese)
[2] 刘明杰.姜粉对肉牛营养物质消化吸收和机体抗氧化能力影响的研究[D].硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学, 2011. LIU M J.Effects of ginger powder on digestion and absorption of nutrients and antioxidant status of beef cattle[D].Master's Thesis.Tai'an:Shandong Agricultural University, 2011.(in Chinese)
[3] 刘帅, 陈明均, 贺坦, 等.2018年我国生姜市场回顾与2019年行情展望[J].中国蔬菜, 2019(2):1-4. LIU S, CHEN M J, HE T, et al.China's ginger market in 2018 review and 2019 market outlook[J].China Vegetables, 2019(2):1-4.(in Chinese)
[4] 王奕斐, 王进成, 于丽萍, 等.昌邑生姜发展(栽培)现状及存在问题调研[J].蔬菜, 2020(11):62-66. WANG Y F, WANG J C, YU L P, et al.Investigation on the current situation and existing problems of ginger development (cultivation) in Changyi[J].Vegetables, 2020(11):62-66.(in Chinese)
[5] 高强, 孙志民, 张成保.大姜秸秆的应用现状、对策及技术展望[J].农业装备与车辆工程, 2019, 57(S1):178-181. GAO Q, SUN Z M, ZHANG C B.Current situation, countermeasures and technology prospect of ginger straw[J].Agricultural Equipment & Vehicle Engineering, 2019, 57(S1):178-181.(in Chinese)
[6] 石太渊, 于淼.生姜叶营养成分分析及饮料制备工艺研究[J].食品工业, 2013, 34(4):54-56. SHI T Y, YU M.Research on ginger leaf nutrition analysis and beverage preparation technology[J].Food Industry, 2013, 34(4):54-56.(in Chinese)
[7] 王红萍, 沈达茜.文山生姜叶的营养成分分析[J].饲料研究, 2015(24):59-62. WANG H P, SHEN D Q.Analysis of nutritional components of ginger stems and leaves in Wenshan[J].Feed Research, 2015(24):59-62.(in Chinese)
[8] 赵广永.反刍动物营养[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社, 2012. ZHAO G Y.Ruminant nutrition[M].Beijing:China Agricultural University Press, 2012.(in Chinese)
[9] 张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社, 2003. ZHANG L Y.Feed analysis and feed quality testing technology[M].Beijing:China Agricultural University Press, 2003.(in Chinese)
[10] VAN SOEST P J.Development of a comprehensive system of feed analyses and its application to forages[J].Journal of Animal Science, 1967, 26(1):119-128.  
[11] OERSKOV E R, MCDONALD I.The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurements weighted according to rate of passage[J].Journal of Agricultural Science, 1979, 92(2):499-503.  
[12] 颜品勋, 冯仰廉, 杨雅芳, 等.青粗饲料蛋白质及有机物瘤胃降解规律的研究[J].中国畜牧杂志, 1996, 32(4):42-43. YAN P X, FENG A L, YANG Y F, et al.Study on rumen degradation of protein and organic matter in green roughage[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 1996(4):42-43.(in Chinese)
[13] 焦洪超.青贮姜苗与其提取物对肉鸡生长的影响作用及其机理研究[D].硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学, 2003. JIAO H C.Effect of ginger stem silage and its extraction on the growing performance of broiler chickens and the underlying mechanisms[D].Master's Thesis.Tai'an:Shandong Agricultural University, 2003.(in Chinese)
[14] 刘公言, 王勇, 赵桂省, 等.饲粮不同生姜秸秆替代花生秧比例对莱芜黑兔生长性能、屠宰性能和肌肉品质的影响[J].动物营养学报, 2021, 33(3):1633-1642. LIU G Y, WANG Y, ZHAO G S, et al.Effects of different ratios of ginger straws peanut seedlings in vitro diets on growth performance, laughter performance and meat quality of Laiwu black rabbits[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2021, 33(3):1633-1642.(in Chinese)
[15] 郭涛, 黄右琴, 郭龙, 等.利用近红外光谱技术快速预测苜蓿干草营养成分含量[J].草业科学, 2020, 37(11):2374-2381. GUO T, HUANG Y Q, GUO L, et al.Rapid prediction of nutrient content of alfalfa hay by using near infrared spectroscopy[J].Pratacultural Science, 2020, 37(11):2374-2381.(in Chinese)
[16] 单贵莲, 初晓辉, 徐赵红, 等.刈割时期和调制方法对紫花苜蓿营养品质的影响.草原与草坪[J].2012, 32(3):17-21. SHAN G L, CHU X H, XU Z H, et al.Effect of cutting stage and drying method on nutritional quality of alfalfa[J].Grassland and turf, 2012, 32(3):17-21.(in Chinese)
[17] 中国畜牧业协会.苜蓿干草质量分级T/CAAA 001-2018[S].北京:中国畜牧业协会, 2018. China Animal Husbandry Association.Qualitiy grading of alfalfa meal T/CAAA 001-2018[S].Beijing:China Animal Husbandry Association, 2018.(in Chinese).
[18] 刁其玉, 屠焰.奶牛常用饲料蛋白质在瘤胃的降解参数[J].乳业科学与技术, 2005, 27(2):70-74. DIAO J Y, TU Y.Degradabilities of crude protein in feedstuffs for dairy cow in rumen[J].Journal of Dairy Science and Technology, 2005, 27(2):70-74.(in Chinese)
[19] 贾海军.奶牛常用饲草瘤胃降解规律的研究[D].硕士学位论文.保定:河北农业大学, 2010. JIA H J.Study on degradation pattern of the commonly used forage in the rumen of dairy cows[D].Master's Thesis.Baoding:Agricultural University of Hebei, 2010.(in Chinese)
[20] 侯玉洁, 徐俊, 吴春华, 等.5种不同牧草在奶牛瘤胃中降解特性的研究[J].中国奶牛, 2013(16):4-8. HOU Y J, XU J, WU C H, et al.Rumen degradation characteristics of five types of forages for dairy cows[J].China Dairy Cattle, 2013(16):4-8.(in Chinese)
[21] 李媛, 刁其玉, 孔路欣, 等.辣木在奶牛瘤胃中的降解特性研究[J].草业学报, 2017, 26(10):140-148. LI Y, DIAO J Y, KONG L X, et al.Ruminal degradation characteristics of Moringa oleifera in dairy cows[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2017, 26(10):140-148.(in Chinese)
[22] 张婷婷, 张博, 李媛, 等.辣木在肉牛瘤胃中的降解特性研究[J].粮食与饲料工业, 2017(8):43-48. ZHANG T T, ZHANG B, LI Y, et al.Ruminal degrability characterictics of moringa in the beef cattle[J].Cereal & Feed Industry, 2017(8):43-48.(in Chinese)
[23] 孔凡林, 刁其玉, 渠建江, 等.构树在肉牛瘤胃中降解特性的研究[J].草业学报, 2020, 29(3):179-189. KONG F L, DIAO J Y, QU J J, et al.Ruminal degradation characteristics of Broussonetia papyrifera in beef cattle[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(3):179-189.(in Chinese)
文章导航

/