[1] MCEWEN S A, FEDORKA-CRAY P J.Antimicrobial use and resistance in animals[J].Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2002, 34(Suppl.3):S93-S106.
[2] 中华人民共和国农业农村部.中华人民共和国农业农村部公告第194号[EB/OL].(2020-02-17)[2021-03-03].http://www.fgs.moa.gov.cn/flfg/202002/t20200217_6337167.htm. Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas of the People's Republic of China.Announcement No.194 of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas of the People's Republic of China[EB/OL].(2020-02-17)[2021-03-03].http://www.fgs.moa.gov.cn/flfg/202002/t20200217_6337167.htm.
[3] OELSCHLAEGER T A.Mechanisms of probiotic actions-a review[J].International Journal of Medical Microbiology, 2010, 300(1):57-62.

[4] RASTALL R A, GIBSON G R, GILL H S, et al.Modulation of the microbial ecology of the human colon by probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics to enhance human health:an overview of enabling science and potential applications[J].FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 2005, 52(2):145-152.

[5] HUH A J, KWON Y J."Nanoantibiotics":a new paradigm for treating infectious diseases using nanomaterials in the antibiotics resistant era[J].Journal of Controlled Release, 2011, 156(2):128-145.

[6] CUI L H, YAN C G, LI H S, et al.A new method of producing a natural antibacterial peptide by encapsulated probiotics internalized with inulin nanoparticles as prebiotics[J].Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2018, 28(4):510-519.

[7] KIM W S, LEE J Y, SINGH B, et al.A new way of producing pediocin in
Pediococcus acidilactici through intracellular stimulation by internalized inulin nanoparticles[J].Scientific Reports, 2018, 8:5878.
[8] KIM W S, HAN G G, HONG L, et al.Novel production of natural bacteriocin via internalization of dextran nanoparticles into probiotics[J].Biomaterials, 2019, 218:119360.
[9] HONG L, KIM W S, LEE S M, et al.Pullulan nanoparticles as prebiotics enhance the antibacterial properties of
Lactobacillus plantarum through the induction of mild stress in probiotics[J].Frontiers in Microbiology, 2019, 10:142.
[10] HONG L, CHO C S, KIM W S, et al.Phthalyl starch nanoparticles as prebiotics enhanced nisin production in
Lactococcus lactis through the induction of mild stress in probiotics[J].Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2021, 130(2):439-449.

[11] CZAPLEWSKI L, BAX R, CLOKIE M, et al.Alternatives to antibiotics-a pipeline portfolio review[J].The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 2016, 16(2):239-251.

[12] MOON H W, ISAACSON R E, POHLENZ J.Mechanisms of association of enteropathogenic
Escherichia coli with intestinal epithelium[J].The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1979, 32(1):119-127.

[13] ROSMINI M R, SEQUEIRA G J, GUERRERO-LEGARRETA I, et al.Producción de prebióticos para animales de abasto:importancia del uso de la microbiota intestinal indígena[J].Revista Mexicana De Ingeniería Química, 2004, 3:181-191.
[14] RODRIGUEZ ARMESTO R, PERALTA C, OCHOTECO M, et al.Salmonelosis septicémica en terneros lactantes:nueva presentación para una vieja enfermedad[J].Primera Parte.Revista Therios, 1996, 25:251-260.
[15] EL-MONEIM M, EL-MONEIM M, ERFANA A M, et al.Risk factors associated with
E.coli causing neonatal calf diarrhea[J].Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 2019, 26(5):1084-1088.

[16] CAKIN M, KANHRAMAN B B, SIGIRCI B D, et al.Distribution of salmonella serovars and characterization of isolates in cattle feces and environmental samples[J].Ankara Vniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 2020, 67(3):215-220.

[17] HASSAN N, RANDHAWA C S, KUMAR A, et al.
Salmonella enterica subsp.
Enterica serovar reading Infection in dairy cattle and buffaloes suffering from chronic diarrhea[J].Indian Journal of Animal Research, 2020, 54(8):1029-1033.
[18] RANJBAR R, SAFARPOOR D F, HEIAT M.The frequency of resistance genes in
Salmonella enteritidis strains isolated from cattle[J].Iranian Journal of Public Health, 2020, 49(5):968-974.
[19] FOSSLER C P, WELLS S J, KANEENE J B, et al.Herd-level factors associated with isolation of
Salmonella in a multi-state study of conventional and organic dairy farms Ⅱ.
Salmonella shedding in calves[J].Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2005, 70(3/4):279-291.
[20] HOSEIN H I, AZZAM R A, ABO-ELWAFA M, et al.Virulence profile of enteropathogenic
Escherichia coli (epec) isolated from the cases of neonatal calf diarrhea[J].Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2019, 7(9):755-760.
[21] FOSTER D M, SMITH G W.Pathophysiology of diarrhea in calves[J].Veterinary Clinics of North America:Food Animal Practice, 2009, 25(1):13-36.

[22] WITTE W.International dissemination of antibiotic resistant strains of bacterial pathogens[J].Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 2004, 4(3):187-191.

[23] BAKER-AUSTIN C, WRIGHT M S, STEPANAUSKAS R, et al.Co-selection of antibiotic and metal resistance[J].Trends in Microbiology, 2006, 14(4):176-182.

[24] YUAN P, DING X, YANG Y Y, et al.Metal nanoparticles for diagnosis and therapy of bacterial infection[J].Advanced Healthcare Materials, 2018, 7(13):e1701392.
[25] WANG L L, HU C, SHAO L Q.The antimicrobial activity of nanoparticles:present situation and prospects for the future[J].International Journal of Nanomedicine, 2017, 12:1227-1249.
[26] FERNANDO S, GUNASEKARA T, HOLTON J.Antimicrobial nanoparticles:applications and mechanisms of action[J].Sri Lankan Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2018, 8(1):2-11.

[27] LUKSIENE Z.16-nanoparticles their potential application as antimicrobials in the food industry[M]//GRUMEZESCU A M.Food preservation.Pittsburgh:Academic Press, 2017:567-601.
[28] ZHANG H, ZHAI Y J, WANG J, et al.New progress and prospects:the application of nanogel in drug delivery[J].Materials Science & Engineering:C, 2016, 60:560-568.
[29] LAM S J, WONG E H H, BOYER C, et al.Antimicrobial polymeric nanoparticles[J].Progress in Polymer Science, 2018, 76:40-64.
[30] PATIL J S, DHADDE S B, CHANDAKAVATHE B N.Nanostructure drug delivery system. Is an option to solve antimicrobial drug resistance[M]//MOHAPATRA S S, RANJAN S, DASGUPTA N, et al.Characterization and Biology of Nanomaterials for Drug Delivery.Amsterdam:Elsevier, 2019:165-197.
[31] SCHATZ C, LECOMMANDOUX S.Polysaccharide-containing block copolymers:synthesis, properties and applications of an emerging family of glycoconjugates[J].Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 2010, 31(19):1664-1684.

[32] ALIABADI H M, LAVASANIFAR A.Polymeric micelles for drug delivery[J].Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, 2006, 3(1):139-162.

[33] MYRICK J M, VENDRA V K, KRISHNAN S.Self-assembled polysaccharide nanostructures for controlled release applications[J].Nanotechnology Reviews, 2014, 3(4):319-346.
[34] IVANOVA K, IVANOVA A, RAMON E, et al.Antibody-enabled antimicrobial nanocapsules for selective elimination of
Staphylococcus aureus[J].ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2020, 12(32):35918-35927.

[35] WAN M L Y, FORSYTHE S J, EL-NEZAMI H.Probiotics interaction with foodborne pathogens:a potential alternative to antibiotics and future challenges[J].Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 2019, 59(20):3320-3333.

[36] AFRC R F.Probiotics in man and animals[J].Journal of Applied Bacteriology, 1989, 66(5):365-378.

[37] KAUR B, GARG N, SACHDEV A.Optimization of bacteriocin production in
Pediococcus acidilactici BA28 using response surface methodology[J].Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 2013, 6(Suppl 1):192-195.
[38] AROKIYAMARY A, SIVAKUMAAR P K.The use of response surface methodology in optimization process for bacteriocin production[J].International Journal of Biomedical Research, 2013, 2(11):568-574.
[39] SANYASI S, MAJHI R K, KUMAR S, et al.Polysaccharide-capped silver nanoparticles inhibit biofilm formation and eliminate multi-drug-resistant bacteria by disrupting bacterial cytoskeleton with reduced cytotoxicity towards mammalian cells[J].Scientific Reports, 2016, 6:24929.
[40] TRAVAN A, PELILLO C, DONATI I, et al.Non-cytotoxic silver nanoparticle-polysaccharide nanocomposites with antimicrobial activity[J].Biomacromolecules, 2009, 10(6):1429-1435.

[41] SIMŞEK O, AKKOÇ N, CON A H, et al.Continuous nisin production with bioengineered
Lactococcus lactis strains[J].Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology, 2009, 36(6):863-871.

[42] NI Z J, ZHANG X Y, LIU F, et al.Effect of co-overexpression of nisin key genes on nisin production improvement in
Lactococcus lactis LSo1[J].Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins, 2017, 9(2):204-212.

[43] OZEL B, SIMEK O, AKCELIK M, et al.Innovative approaches to nisin production[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2018, 102:6299-6307.
[44] MOKHBER-DEZFOULI M R, TAJIK P, BOLOURCHI M, et al.Effects of probiotics supplementation in daily milk intake of newborn calves on body weight gain, body height, diarrhea occurrence and health condition[J].Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences:PJBS, 2007, 10(18):3136-3140.

[45] HEINRICHS A J, JONES C M, HEINRICHS B S.Effects of mannan oligosaccharide or antibiotics in neonatal diets on health and growth of dairy calves[J].Journal of Dairy Science, 2003, 86(12):4064-4069.

[46] ROODPOSHTI P M, DABIRI N.Effects of probiotic and prebiotic on average daily gain, fecal shedding of
Escherichia coli, and immune system status in newborn female calves[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 2012, 25(9):1255-1261.

[47] BÄCKHED F, FRASER C M, RINGEL Y, et al.Defining a healthy human gut microbiome:current concepts, future directions, and clinical applications[J].Cell Host & Microbe, 2012, 12(5):611-622.

[48] CLAESSON M J, JEFFERY I B, CONDE S, et al.Gut microbiota composition correlates with diet and health in the elderly[J].Nature, 2012, 488(7410):178-184.

[49] JACOUTON E, CHAIN F, SOKOL H, et al.Probiotic strain
Lactobacillus casei BL23 prevents colitis-associated colorectal cancer[J].Frontiers in Immunology, 2017, 8:1553.