动物营养学报 >

2021 , Vol. 33 >Issue 11: 6431 - 6444

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.11.042

分子与细胞营养 MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR NUTRITION

青蒿提取物对泌乳奶牛瘤胃发酵参数及微生物区系的影响

  • 余诗强 ,
  • 熊安然 ,
  • 潘予琮 ,
  • 汪悦 ,
  • 张亚静 ,
  • 蒋林树 ,
  • 熊本海
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  • 1. 北京农学院动物科学技术学院, 奶牛营养学北京市重点实验室, 北京 102206;
    2. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 北京 100193;
    3. 河北省高碑店市职教中心, 保定 074000
余诗强(1996-),男,河南信阳人,硕士研究生,研究方向为反刍动物营养与免疫。E-mail:1406809489@qq.com

收稿日期: 2021-04-01

  网络出版日期: 2021-11-10

基金资助

国家"十三五"重点研发计划（2017YFD0701604-2）；北京市现代农业产业技术体系奶牛创新团队

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Effects of Artemisia annua L. Extracts on Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Microflora of Lactating Dairy Cows

  • YU Shiqiang ,
  • XIONG Anran ,
  • PAN Yucong ,
  • WANG Yue ,
  • ZHANG Yajing ,
  • JIANG Linshu ,
  • XIONG Benhai
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  • 1. Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China;
    2. Beijing Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
    3. Hebei Gaobeidian Vocational Education Center, Baoding 074000, China

Received date: 2021-04-01

  Online published: 2021-11-10

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摘要

本试验旨在探究饲粮中添加青蒿提取物对荷斯坦奶牛瘤胃发酵参数及微生物区系的影响。试验选取20头泌乳中期、体况相近、胎次为2~4胎，日产奶量为（33.0±3.9） kg/d的中国荷斯坦奶牛，随机分为4组，每组5头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.25%、0.50%、0.75%的青蒿提取物。预试期10 d，正试期35 d。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，添加0.25%和0.50%青蒿提取物，瘤胃丙酸浓度显著升高（P<0.05），乙丙比显著降低（P<0.05）；添加0.75%青蒿提取物，瘤胃总挥发性脂肪酸、丙酸、丁酸和戊酸浓度显著升高（P<0.05），乙酸、异丁酸浓度和乙丙比显著降低（P<0.05）。2）试验组Ace指数和Chao1指数显著高于对照组（P<0.05），Shannon指数和Simpson指数无显著差异（P>0.05）。3）在门水平上，与对照组相比，试验组厚壁菌门和变形菌门相对丰度显著升高（P<0.05），拟杆菌门、SR1_[Absconditabacteria]和疣微菌门相对丰度显著下降（P<0.05）；在属水平上，与对照组相比，试验组普雷沃氏菌属1、理研菌科RC9群和解琥珀酸菌属的相对丰度显著升高（P<0.05），丁酸弧菌属2、瘤胃球菌科NK4A214群和瘤胃球菌属2相对丰度显著下降（P>0.05）。4）在属水平上，琥珀酸弧菌科UCG-002相对丰度与乙酸、总挥发性脂肪酸和丙酸浓度呈极显著正相关（P<0.01，R>0.500）；瘤胃球菌科UCG-014相对丰度与丁酸浓度呈极显著负相关（P<0.01，R=-0.415）；瘤胃球菌属1相对丰度与乙酸浓度呈显著负相关（P<0.05，R=-0.433）；普雷沃氏菌属1相对丰度与乙酸、总挥发性脂肪酸和氨态氮浓度呈极显著负相关（P<0.01，R>0.500）；普雷沃氏菌科UCG-001相对丰度与乙酸浓度呈极显著负相关（P<0.01，R=-0.789）；理研菌科RC9群相对丰度与乙酸浓度呈极显著负相关（P<0.01，R>0.500）。综上所述，奶牛饲粮中添加0.75%的青蒿提取物，可改变奶牛瘤胃细菌的丰富度，降低瘤胃内乙酸浓度和乙丙比，提高总挥发性脂肪酸、丙酸、丁酸和戊酸浓度，改善瘤胃发酵功能。

关键词： 青蒿提取物; 瘤胃发酵参数; 瘤胃微生物区系; 奶牛

本文引用格式

余诗强 , 熊安然 , 潘予琮 , 汪悦 , 张亚静 , 蒋林树 , 熊本海 . 青蒿提取物对泌乳奶牛瘤胃发酵参数及微生物区系的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(11) : 6431 -6444 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.11.042

Abstract

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Artemisia annua L. extract on rumen fermentation parameters and microflora of Holstein cows. Twenty Chinese Holstein cows in mid-lactation with similar body condition, two to four fetuses and a daily milk production of (33.0±3.9) kg/d were selected and randomly divided into four groups, with five replicates in each group. The control group was fed a basic diet, and the experimental group was added 0.25%, 0.50% and 0.75% of Artemisia annua L. extract in the basic diet, respectively. The pre-trial period was 10 d and the positive trial period was 35 d. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group, when 0.25% and 0.50% Artemisia annua L. extract was added, the concentration of propionic acid was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the ratio of ethylene to propylene was significantly decreased (P<0.05). When 0.75% Artemisia annua L. extract was added, the total volatile acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and valeric acid concentrations were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the acetic acid, isobutyric acid concentrations and ethylene-propylene ratio were significantly decreased (P<0.05). 2) Ace index and Chao1 index in experimental groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in Shannon index and Simpson index (P>0.05). 3) At the phylum level, compared with the control group, the relative abundance levels of Firmicutes and Proteobacyeria were significantly increased (P<0.05) in the experimental groups, while the relative abundance levels of Bacteroidetes, SR_[Absconditabacteria] and Verrucomicrobia were significantly decreased (P<0.05) in the experimental groups. At the genus level, compared with the control group, the relative abundance levels of Prevotella 1, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and Succiniclasticum were significantly increased (P<0.05) in the experimental groups, while the relative abundance levels of Butyrivibrio 2, Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group and Ruminococcus 2 were significantly decreased (P>0.05). 4) At the genus level, the relative abundance level of Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-002 had a very significant positive correlation with acetic acid, total volatile acid and propionic acid concentrations (P<0.01, R>0.500); the relative abundance level of Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 was significantly and negatively correlated with butyric acid concentration (P<0.01, R=-0.415); the relative abundance level of Ruminococcus 1 had a significantly negative correlation with acetic acid concentration (P<0.05, R=-0.433); the relative abundance level of Prevotella 1 was significantly and negatively correlated with acetic acid, total volatile acid and ammoniacal nitrogen concentrations (P<0.01, R>0.500). The relative abundance level of Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 had a very significant negative correlation with acetic acid concentration (P<0.01, R=-0.789); the relative abundance levels of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and acetic acid concentration had a very significant negative correlation (P<0.01, R>0.500). Adding 0.75% Artemisia annua L. extract can change the abundance of rumen bacteria, reduce the concentration of acetic acid and ethylene-propylene ratio in the rumen, increase the concentration of total volatile acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and valeric acid, and improve the rumen fermentation function.

Key words： Artemisia annua L. extract; rumen fermentation parameters; rumen microflora; cow

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