动物营养学报 >

2021 , Vol. 33 >Issue 11: 6510 - 6522

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.11.050

研究简报 SHORT COMMUNICATION

细绒型和粗绒型陕北白绒山羊瘤胃细菌结构及组成

  • 李陇平 ,
  • 刘锦旺 ,
  • 李托 ,
  • 朱海鲸 ,
  • 屈雷
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  • 1. 榆林学院陕西省陕北绒山羊工程技术研究中心, 榆林 719000;
    2. 榆林市三农养殖服务有限公司, 榆林 719000;
    3. 榆林学院生命科学学院, 榆林 719000
李陇平(1985-),男,陕西陇县人,讲师,博士,从事反刍动物营养调控、饲料资源开发利用和动物健康养殖方向的研究工作。E-mail:llp_315@163.com

收稿日期: 2021-04-25

  网络出版日期: 2021-11-10

基金资助

榆林市科技局产学研项目（CXY-2020-011-04）；国家现代农业产业园建设绒山羊产业重点项目（2020HX02）；陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目（20JK1017）；陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目（2014KTDZ02-01）

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Structure and Composition of Rumen Bacteria in Shaanbei White Cashmere Goats with Fine and Coarse

  • LI Longping ,
  • LIU Jinwang ,
  • LI Tuo ,
  • ZHU Haijing ,
  • QU Lei
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  • 1. Shaanxi Province Engineering & Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goat, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China;
    2. Yulin Sannong Breeding Service Co., Ltd., Yulin 719000, China;
    3. College of Life Sciences, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China

Received date: 2021-04-25

  Online published: 2021-11-10

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摘要

本研究旨在利用16S rRNA高通量测序技术分析细绒型和粗绒型陕北白绒山羊母羊瘤胃细菌结构与组成，为细绒型陕北白绒山羊的饲养提供理论基础。选择相同饲喂条件下6只细绒型和7只粗绒型陕北白绒山羊2岁母羊，采集瘤胃液并提取总DNA，经过PCR扩增后对16S rDNA的V3~V4区进行高通量测序分析。结果表明：1）2组间Faith’s PD指数、Chao1指数、Shannon指数和Observed_OTU指数差异均不显著（P>0.05），且均有细绒组低于粗绒组的趋势。2）门水平上，2组绒山羊瘤胃优势菌门均为厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes），次级优势菌门依次为TM7、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、蓝藻细菌门（Cyanobacteria）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、互氧菌门（Synergistetes）、螺旋体门（Spirochaetes）、软壁菌门（Tenericutes）和疣微菌门（Verrucomicrobia）；属水平上，2组绒山羊瘤胃的优势菌属均为瘤胃球菌属（Ruminococcus）、普雷沃氏菌属（Prevotella）、拟杆菌目未明确分类属（Unspecified_Bacteroidales）和疣微菌科未明确分类属（Unspecified_Ruminococcaceae）。3）门水平上相对丰度前10位的优势菌门中，除了细绒组Proteobacteria的相对丰度显著低于粗绒组（P<0.05）和TM7的相对丰度显著高于粗绒组（P<0.05）外，其余菌门的相对丰度2组之间均差异不显著（P>0.05）；次级优势菌门中，细绒组迷踪菌门（Elusimicrobia）、黏胶球形菌门（Lentisphaerae）和Verrucomicrobia的相对丰度均显著低于粗绒组（P<0.05），而细绒组WPS_2的相对丰度显著高于粗绒组（P<0.05）。4）相对丰度大于10%的优势菌属中，除了细绒组Prevotella的相对丰度极显著高于粗绒组（P<0.01）以外，其他优势菌属的相对丰度2组之间均差异不显著（P>0.05）；相对丰度低于10%的次要优势菌属中，细绒组解琥珀酸菌属（Succiniclasticum）、颤螺旋菌属（Oscillospira）、Dehalobacterium、Blautia、梭菌属（Clostridium）和欧文氏菌属（Erwinia）的相对丰度均显著低于粗绒组（P<0.05）。5）物种相关性网络分析结果显示，2组绒山羊瘤胃菌群之间的相关性和紧密性呈现出细绒组强于粗绒组。综上所述，细绒型绒山羊瘤胃菌群数量和菌属相对丰度低于粗绒型绒山羊，且存在一些特征菌属，细绒型绒山羊瘤胃菌群间互作关系和结构紧密性高于粗绒型绒山羊，提示绒山羊瘤胃菌群互作和结构稳定性可能对产绒性能产生影响。

关键词： 细绒; 粗绒; 陕北白绒山羊; 瘤胃细菌; 高通量测序

本文引用格式

李陇平 , 刘锦旺 , 李托 , 朱海鲸 , 屈雷 . 细绒型和粗绒型陕北白绒山羊瘤胃细菌结构及组成[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(11) : 6510 -6522 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.11.050

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to use 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze the structure and composition of rumen bacteria in coarse and fine cashmere goats, and provide a basis for the breeding of fine cashmere goats. Thirteen 2-year-old Shaanbei white cashmere female goats (6 fine cashmere goats and 7 coarse cashmere goats) were selected under the same feeding conditions. Rumen fluid was collected, and total DNA was extracted. After PCR amplification, the V3 to V4 region of 16S rDNA were sequenced by high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed as follows:1) the differences of the Faith's PD index, Chao1 index, Shannon index and Observed_OTU index between two groups were not significant (P>0.05), and all those indexes showed that the fine cashmere group were lower than the coarse cashmere group. 2) At phylum level, the dominant bacterial phyla of rumen bacteria in two groups were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, followed by Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, Synergistetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes and Verrucomicrobia; the dominant bacterial genera of rumen bacteria in two groups were Ruminococcus, Prevotella, Unspecified_Bacteroidales and Unspecified_Ruminococcaceae. 3) For the dominant bacterial phylum (top 10 of relative abundance), the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in the coarse cashmere group was significantly higher than that of the fine cashmere group (P<0.05), while the relative abundance of TM7 in the coarse cashmere was significantly lower than that of the fine cashmere group (P<0.05), and the relative abundances of other phylum between two groups were not significant (P>0.05). For the sub-dominant phylum, the relative abundances of Elusimicrobia, Lentisphaerae and Verrucomicrobia in the coarse cashmere group were significantly higher than those of the fine cashmere group (P<0.05), while the relative abundance of WPS_2 in the coarse cashmere group was significantly lower than that of the fine cashmere group (P<0.05). 4) For the dominant bacterial genera (relative abundance>10%), except that the relative abundance of Prevotella in the fine cashmere group was extremely significantly higher than that of the coarse cashmere group (P<0.01), there was no significant difference between the two groups of the relative abundances of other dominant bacterial genera (P>0.05). For sub-dominant bacterial genera (relative abundance<10%), the relative abundances of Succiniclasticum, Oscillospira, Dehalobacterium, Blautia, Clostridium and Erwinia in the coarse cashmere group were significantly higher than those in the fine cashmere group (P<0.05). 5) Species correlation network analysis indicated that the correlation and compactness of the rumen bacteria in fine cashmere group were higher than coarse cashmere group. In conclusion, the rumen microflora number and relative abundance of fine cashmere goats are lower than those of the coarse cashmere goats. There exist some characteristic rumen bacteria in the fine cashmere and coarse cashmere groups. The interaction and structural compactness of rumen microflora of the fine cashmere goats are higher than those of the coarse cashmere goats, suggesting that the interaction and stability of rumen microflora may affect the cashmere quality.

Key words： fine cashmere; coarse cashmere; Shaanbei white cashmere goats; rumen bacteria; high throughput sequencing

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