动物营养学报 >

2021 , Vol. 33 >Issue 11: 6523 - 6533

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.11.051

研究简报 SHORT COMMUNICATION

生物调控释放型尿素对奶牛产奶量、乳成分、瘤胃发酵参数和血清生化指标的影响

  • 王二旦 ,
  • 刘吉生 ,
  • 刘巧兰 ,
  • 吕佳颖 ,
  • 王吉东 ,
  • 杨占涛 ,
  • 比莎娜·阿扎提 ,
  • 阿拉依古丽·托合塔别 ,
  • 都文 ,
  • 李胜利
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  • 1. 中国农业大学动物科学技术学院, 动物营养学国家重点实验室, 北京 100193;
    2. 长春博瑞科技股份有限公司, 长春 130118
王二旦(1988-),男,河南焦作人,博士研究生,从事反刍动物营养研究。E-mail:wangerdan@cau.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2021-04-14

  网络出版日期: 2021-11-10

基金资助

国家重点研发计划（2018YFD0501600）；新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项（2020A01001）

收起

Effects of Bio-Regulated Release Urea on Milk Yield, Milk Composition, Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Dairy Cows

  • WANG Erdan ,
  • LIU Jisheng ,
  • LIU Qiaolan ,
  • LYU Jiaying ,
  • WANG Jidong ,
  • YANG Zhantao ,
  • BISHANA Azati ,
  • ALAYGUL Tohtabek ,
  • DU Wen ,
  • LI Shengli
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  • 1. State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
    2. Changchun Borui Technology Co., Ltd., Changchun 130118, China

Received date: 2021-04-14

  Online published: 2021-11-10

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摘要

本试验旨在研究生物调控释放型尿素（BRRU）替代饲粮中不同比例的豆粕对奶牛产奶量、乳成分、瘤胃发酵参数和血清生化指标的影响。选取胎次[（2.67±1.04）胎]、泌乳天数[（187.97±33.87） d]和7日平均产奶量[（35.84±4.70） kg/d]相近的健康荷斯坦奶牛36头，随机分为3组，每组12头。对照组饲喂豆粕含量为6.79%的基础饲粮，试验1组和试验2组分别饲喂用BRRU替代基础饲粮中12.5%和25.0%豆粕的试验饲粮。预试期14 d，正试期45 d。结果表明：1）试验1组整个正试期（第1~45天）的产奶量比对照组提高了0.34 kg/d （P>0.05），试验1组和试验2组整个正试期的乳脂率和4%乳脂矫正乳（FCM）产量比对照组均有所提高（P>0.05）。2）试验1组正试期第15天的瘤胃液氨态氮（NH3-N）含量显著高于对照组（P<0.05），试验2组正试期第15、30天以及整个正试期的瘤胃液NH3-N含量均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。试验1组和试验2组第15、30和45天的瘤胃液微生物蛋白（MCP）含量均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。各组整个正试期的瘤胃液乙酸、丙酸、丁酸和总挥发性脂肪酸含量以及乙酸/丙酸均无显著差异（P>0.05）。3）各组整个正试期的血清尿素氮（UN）、甘油三酯（TG）、β-羟丁酸（BHBA）以及非酯化脂肪酸（NEFA）含量均无显著差异（P>0.05）。4）与对照组相比，试验1组和试验2组的牛奶收入分别增加了6.00和4.20元/（d·头），经济效益分别增加了6.28和4.82元/（d·头）。综上所述，用BRRU替代饲粮中12.5%豆粕饲喂奶牛，产奶量提高了0.34 kg/d，4% FCM产量提高了1.43 kg/d，瘤胃液MCP含量升高，增加了牧场经济效益，饲喂效果较好。

关键词： 生物调控释放型尿素; 豆粕; 产奶量; 瘤胃发酵; 奶牛

本文引用格式

王二旦 , 刘吉生 , 刘巧兰 , 吕佳颖 , 王吉东 , 杨占涛 , 比莎娜·阿扎提 , 阿拉依古丽·托合塔别 , 都文 , 李胜利 . 生物调控释放型尿素对奶牛产奶量、乳成分、瘤胃发酵参数和血清生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(11) : 6523 -6533 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.11.051

Abstract

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of bio-regulated release urea (BRRU) substituted different proportions of soybean meal in diets on milk yield, milk composition, rumen fermentation parameters and serum biochemical indexes of dairy cows. Thirty-six healthy Holstein cows with similar parity[(2.67±1.04) parities], lactating day[(187.97±33.87) d] and 7 days average milk yield[(35.84±4.70) kg/d] were randomly divided into 3 groups with 12 cows in each group. The control group was fed the basal diet containing 6.79% soybean meal, and the test group 1 and test group 2 were fed experimental diets which use BRRU substituted 12.5% and 25.0% soybean meal in the basic diet, respectively. The pre-experimental period lasted for 7 days, and the experimental period lasted for 45 days. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group, the milk yield during the formal trial period (days 1 to 45) of test group 1 was increased by 0.34 kg/d (P>0.05), and the milk fat rate and 4% fat-corrected milk (FCM) yield during the formal trial period of test group 1 and test group 2 were increased (P>0.05). 2) The rumen fluid ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) content on day 15 of test group 1 was significantly higher than that of the control group (P>0.05), and the rumen fluid NH3-N content on days 15, 30 and the formal trial period of test group 2 was significantly higher than that of the control group (P>0.05). The rumen fluid microbial protein content in on days 15, 30 and 45 of test group 1 and test group 2 was significantly higher than that of the control group (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the contents of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and total volatile fatty acid and acetic acid/propionic acid in rumen fluid during the formal trial period among all groups (P>0.05). 3) There were no significant differences in the contents of urea nitrogen (UN), triglyceride (TG) β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) in serum during the formal trial period among all groups (P>0.05). 4) Compared with the control group, the milk income of group 1 and group 2 was increased by 6.00 and 4.20 yuan/(d·head), respectively, and the economic effectiveness increased by 6.28 and 4.82 yuan/(d·head), respectively. In summary, by substituting 12.5% soybean meal with BRRU in the diet, the milk yield is increased by 0.34 kg/d, the 4% FCM yield is increased by 1.43 kg/d, the rumen fluid MCP content is increased, the economic benefit of dairy farm is increased, and the feeding effect is better.

Key words： bio-regulated release urea; soybean meal; milk yield; rumen fermentation; dairy cows

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