猪营养与饲料 SWINE NUTRITION AND FEED

复合植物精油对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标以及粪便中微生物数量和挥发性脂肪酸含量的影响

  • 王仁杰 ,
  • 赵金标 ,
  • 赖金花 ,
  • 付慧洋 ,
  • 雷燕 ,
  • 吕继蓉 ,
  • 李菊 ,
  • 武振龙
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  • 1. 中国农业大学动物科学技术学院, 北京 100193;
    2. 成都大帝汉克生物科技有限公司, 成都 611130;
    3. 河南银发牧业有限公司, 郑州 451100
王仁杰(1986-),男,四川成都人,博士研究生,动物营养与饲料科学专业。E-mail:rjwang86@126.com

收稿日期: 2021-04-27

  网络出版日期: 2021-12-16

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(31625025)

Effects of Plant Essential Oil Compounds on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Parameters, Fecal Microbial Numbers and Volatile Fatty Acid Contents of Weaned Piglets

  • WANG Renjie ,
  • ZHAO Jinbiao ,
  • LAI Jinhua ,
  • FU Huiyang ,
  • LEI Yan ,
  • LYU Jirong ,
  • LI Ju ,
  • WU Zhenlong
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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
    2. DadHank Biotechnology Corporation, Chengdu 611130, China;
    3. Henan Yinfa Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 451100, China

Received date: 2021-04-27

  Online published: 2021-12-16

摘要

本研究旨在探讨复合植物精油对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标以及粪便中微生物数量和挥发性脂肪酸含量的影响。试验选用160头初始体重为(8.06±0.09)kg的长×大二元杂交断奶仔猪,随机分为4个组,每组5个重复,每个重复8头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加300、450和600 mg/kg复合植物精油。试验期14 d。结果表明:1)饲粮中添加不同水平的复合植物精油对断奶仔猪的平均日采食量、平均日增重以及料重比没有显著影响(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,饲粮中添加450和600 mg/kg复合植物精油显著降低了断奶仔猪的腹泻率和粪便指数(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加450 mg/kg复合植物精油显著降低了断奶仔猪的血清二胺氧化酶活性(P<0.05),饲粮中添加450和600 mg/kg复合植物精油显著提高了断奶仔猪血清总抗氧化能力(P<0.05),饲粮中添加300、450和600 mg/kg复合植物精油显著提高了断奶仔猪血清过氧化氢酶活性(P<0.05),饲粮中添加450和600 mg/kg复合植物精油显著降低了断奶仔猪血清白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-6和肿瘤坏死因子-α含量(P<0.05)。3)饲粮中添加不同水平的复合植物精油对断奶仔猪的粪便中大肠杆菌和乳酸菌数量没有显著影响(P>0.05)。4)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加300、450和600 mg/kg复合植物精油显著提高了断奶仔猪的粪便中乙酸含量(P<0.05),饲粮中添加600 mg/kg复合植物精油显著提高了断奶仔猪的粪便中戊酸和总挥发性性脂肪酸含量(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加复合植物精油对断奶仔猪的生长性能无显著影响,但可以降低仔猪腹泻率,改善炎症水平和肠道通透性,提高机体抗氧化能力和粪便中挥发性脂肪酸含量。本试验条件下,断奶仔猪饲粮中复合植物精油的适宜添加水平为450 mg/kg。

本文引用格式

王仁杰 , 赵金标 , 赖金花 , 付慧洋 , 雷燕 , 吕继蓉 , 李菊 , 武振龙 . 复合植物精油对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标以及粪便中微生物数量和挥发性脂肪酸含量的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(12) : 6730 -6739 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.12.015

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of plant essential oil compounds on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, fecal microbial numbers and volatile fatty acid contents of weaned piglets. A total of 160 Landrace×Yorkshire crossbred weaned piglets with initial body weight of (8.06±0.09) kg were randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates per group and 8 pigs per replicate. Pigs in the control group were fed a basal diet, and others in experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented 300, 450 and 600 mg/kg plant essential oil compounds, respectively. The experiment lasted for 14 days. The results showed as follows:1) dietary different supplemental levels of plant essential oil compounds had no significant effects on the average daily feed intake, average daily gain and feed to weight ratio of weaned piglets (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, dietary 450 and 600 mg/kg plant essential oil compounds significantly decreased the diarrhea rate and fecal index of weaned piglets (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the control group, dietary 450 mg/kg plant essential oil compounds significantly decreased the serum diamine oxidase activity of weaned piglets (P<0.05), dietary 450 and 600 mg/kg plant essential oil compounds significantly increased the serum total antioxidant capacity of weaned piglets (P<0.05), dietary 300, 450 and 600 mg/kg plant essential oil compounds significantly increased the serum catalase activity of weaned piglets (P<0.05), and dietary 450 mg/kg plant essential oil compounds significantly decreased the contents interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in serum of weaned piglets (P<0.05). 3) Dietary different supplemental levels of plant essential oil compounds had no significant effects on the numbers of Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus in feces of weaned piglets (P>0.05). 4) Compared with the control group, dietary 300, 450 and 600 mg/kg plant essential oil compounds significantly increased the fecal acetate content of weaned piglets (P<0.05), and dietary 600 mg/kg plant essential oil compounds significantly increased the fecal valerate and total volatile fatty acid contents of weaned piglets (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary plant essential oil compounds have no significant effects on the growth performance of weaned piglets, but can reduce the diarrhea rate, improve the inflammatory level and intestinal permeability, and increase the body antioxidant capacity and fecal volatile fatty acid contents. Under the experimental conditions, the dietary optimal supplemental level of plant essential oil compounds for weaned piglets is 450 mg/kg.

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