反刍与草食动物营养与饲料 RUMINANT AND HERBIVORE NUTRITION AND FEED

硒源和微生态制剂对肉牛营养物质消化率、瘤胃发酵及瘤胃微生物区系的影响

  • 谢亮 ,
  • 龙江松 ,
  • 伍志武 ,
  • 方热军
展开
  • 1. 湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院, 长沙 410128;
    2. 湖南畜禽安全生产协同创新中心, 长沙 410128
谢亮(1996-),男,湖南湘西人,硕士研究生,从事动物营养调控研究。E-mail:853477258@qq.com

收稿日期: 2021-04-28

  网络出版日期: 2021-12-16

基金资助

湖南省草食动物产业技术体系营养与饲料岗位项目

Effects of Selenium Source and Microecological Agent on Nutrient Digestibility, Rumen Fermentation and Rumen Microflora of Beef Cattle

  • XIE Liang ,
  • LONG Jiangsong ,
  • WU Zhiwu ,
  • FANG Rejun
Expand
  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
    2. Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha 410128, China

Received date: 2021-04-28

  Online published: 2021-12-16

摘要

本试验旨在研究硒源和微生态制剂对肉牛营养物质消化率、瘤胃发酵及瘤胃微生物区系的影响。选取24头新疆褐牛杂交牛,平均体重为(407.48±36.13)kg,采用2×2双因子随机设计分为4个组,每组6个重复,每个重复1头牛。在精料补充料中,A组添加0.68 mg/kg无机硒;B组混合添加0.68 mg/kg无机硒和3%微生态制剂;C组添加0.68 mg/kg有机硒;D组混合添加0.68 mg/kg有机硒和3%微生态制剂。预试期14 d,正试期37 d。结果显示:1)硒源和微生态制剂对肉牛营养物质消化率无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)微生态制剂显著影响瘤胃液氨态氮浓度(P<0.05),对其他瘤胃发酵参数无显著影响(P>0.05)。硒源趋于显著影响瘤胃液乙酸/丙酸值(P=0.098),对其他瘤胃发酵参数无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)硒源对瘤胃厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门和放线菌门的相对丰度有显著或极显著影响(P<0.05或P<0.01),微生态制剂以及硒源与微生态制剂的交互作用对瘤胃各菌门的相对丰度均无显著影响(P>0.05)。4)硒源对瘤胃普雷沃菌属、NKA214菌群的相对丰度有显著或极显著影响(P<0.05或P<0.01),微生态制剂以及硒源与微生态制剂的交互作用对瘤胃各菌属的相对丰度无显著影响(P>0.05)。综上所述,精料补充料中添加不同形式硒源和微生态制剂对肉牛营养物质消化率无显著影响,但添加微生态制剂可提高瘤胃液氨态氮浓度,促进蛋白质的利用,添加有机硒可影响瘤胃菌群组成,降低瘤胃液乙酸/丙酸值,改善瘤胃发酵模式。

本文引用格式

谢亮 , 龙江松 , 伍志武 , 方热军 . 硒源和微生态制剂对肉牛营养物质消化率、瘤胃发酵及瘤胃微生物区系的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(12) : 6864 -6875 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.12.028

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of selenium source and microecological agent on nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation and rumen microflora of beef cattle. Twenty-four Xinjiang brown crossbred cattle with an average body weight of (407.48±36.13) kg were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 1 cattle per replicate using a 2×2 two-factor random design. In concentrate supplement, group A was supplemented with 0.68 mg/kg inorganic selenium; group B was mixed with 0.68 mg/kg inorganic selenium and 3% microecological agent; group C was supplemented with 0.68 mg/kg organic selenium; group D was mixed with 0.68 mg/kg organic selenium and 3% microecological agent. The pre-test period lasted for 14 days and the formal period lasted for 37 days. The results showed as follows:1) selenium source and microecological agent had no significant effects on nutrient digestibility of beef cattle (P>0.05). 2) Microecological agent significantly affected the concentration of ammonia-nitrogen in rumen fluid (P<0.05), but had no significant effects on the other rumen fermentation parameters (P>0.05). Selenium source tended to significantly affect the acetate/propionate value of rumen fluid (P=0.098), but had no significant effects on the other rumen fermentation parameters (P>0.05). 3) Selenium source had significant or extremely significant effects on the relative abundances of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria in rumen (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Microecological agent and the interaction of selenium source and microecological agent had no significant effects on the relative abundances of the other bacteria phyla in rumen (P>0.05). 4) Selenium source had significant or extremely significant effects on the relative abundances of Prevotella and NK4A214_group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Microecological agent and the interaction of selenium source and microecological agent had no significant effects on the relative abundances of the other bacteria genera in rumen (P>0.05). In conclusion, different selenium sources and microecological agent added into the concentrate supplement have no significant effects on nutrient digestibility of beef cattle, but adding microecological agent can increase the ammonium-nitrogen concentration of rumen fluid and promote the utilization of protein, and adding organic selenium can affect the composition of rumen microflora, reduce the acetate/propionate value of rumen fluid, and improve rumen fermentation.

参考文献

[1] LOPEZ HERAS I,PALOMO M,MADRID Y.Selenoproteins:the key factor in selenium essentiality.State of the art analytical techniques for selenoprotein studies[J].Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry,2011,400(6):1717-1727.  
[2] 方热军,谢亮,薛俊敬,等.猪日粮中铜、铁、锰、锌减量使用技术研究进展[J].饲料工业,2019,40(22):1-5. FANG R J,XIE L,XUE J J,et al.Research progress on reduction of copper,iron,manganese and zinc in pig diet[J].Feed Industry,2019,40(22):1-5.(in Chinese)
[3] 秦顺义,赵方红,张建斌,等.富硒益生菌和亚硒酸钠对羔羊生产性能和抗氧化及IL-6水平的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2016,52(21):86-90. QIN S Y,ZHAO F H,ZHANG J B,et al.Study on performance,antioxidative capacity and IL-6 levels in lambs fed with selenium-enriched probiotics or selenite sodium[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2016,52(21):86-90.(in Chinese)
[4] 秦顺义,唐小娟,杨泽琳,等.富硒益生菌对小鼠血液硒含量、总抗氧化水平、免疫能力及肠道菌群的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2016(18):176-178. QIN S Y,TANG X J,YANG Z L,et al.Effects of selenium enriched probiotics on serum selenium content,total antioxidant level,immune capacity and intestinal microflora of mice[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,2016(18):176-178.(in Chinese)
[5] 冉林武,黄克和,李灵恩,等.富硒益生菌对山羊瘤胃发酵和瘤胃液脂肪酸含量的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2011,34(5):99-104. RAN L W,HUANG K H,LI L E,et al.Effects of Se-enriched probiotics supplementation on rumen fermentation and fatty acids concentration of rumen fluid in goats[J].Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University,2011,34(5):99-104.(in Chinese)
[6] 吴显实,张克春,卫程武,等.日粮添加富硒益生菌对奶牛硒吸收转化、抗氧化能力与生产性能的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2010,30(8):1111-1114,1132. WU X S,ZHANG K C,WEI C W,et al.Effects of supplementary selenium-enriched probiotics on absorption and conversion of selenium,antioxidative capacity and performance in dairy cows[J].Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science,2010,30(8):1111-1114,1132.(in Chinese)
[7] 中华人民共和国农业部.肉牛饲养标准:NY/T 815-2004[S].北京:中国农业出版社,2004. The Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China.Feeding standard of beef cattle:NY/T 815-2004[S].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2004.(in Chinese)
[8] 杨胜.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].北京:北京农业大学出版社,1993. YANG S.Feed analysis and feed quality detection technology[M].Beijing:Beijing Agricultural University Press,1993.(in Chinese)
[9] 冯宗慈,高民.通过比色测定瘤胃液氨氮含量方法的改进[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2010,31(6/7):37. FENG Z C,GAO M.Improvement of the method for determination of ammonia-nitrogen content in rumen fluid by colorimetry[J].Animal Husbandry and Feed Science,2010,31(6/7):37.(in Chinese)
[10] XUN W J,SHI L G,YUE W B,et al.Effect of high-dose nano-selenium and selenium-yeast on feed digestibility,rumen fermentation,and purine derivatives in sheep[J].Biological Trace Element Research,2012,150(1/2/3):130-136.
[11] 董升.不同硒源对瘤胃营养物质代谢影响的研究[D].硕士学位论文.太谷:山西农业大学,2005. DONG S.Effects of different selenium sources on ruminal nutrients metabolism[D].Master's Thesis.Taigu:Shanxi Agricultural University,2005.(in Chinese)
[12] 武霞霞.硒源及硒水平对奶牛体外瘤胃发酵及营养物质降解的影响[D].硕士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2012. WU X X.Effect of sources and levels of selenium on in vitro ruminal fermentation and nutrient degradation of dairy cows[D].Master's Thesis.Hohhot:Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,2012.(in Chinese)
[13] 徐晨,李烨,孙启睿,等.生物絮团养殖模式下益生菌添加对异育银鲫生长、消化酶活性及肠道组织结构的影响[J].中国水产科学,2018,25(5):1004-1011. XU C,LI Y,SUN Q R,et al.Effects of probiotic addition on the growth performance,digestive en-zyme activity,and intestinal morphology of gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) cultured using biofloc technology[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2018,25(5):1004-1011.(in Chinese)
[14] YANG H,LI Z B,CHEN Q,et al.Effect of fermented Enteromopha prolifera on the growth performance,digestive enzyme activities and serum non-specific immunity of red tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus×Oreochromis niloticus)[J].Aquaculture Research,2016,47(12):4024-4031.  
[15] 高堂亮,沈思军,潘晓亮,等.真空冷冻干燥法制备微生态制剂及其对肉牛养分表观消化率的影响[J].饲料工业,2018,39(13):42-46. GAO T L,SHEN S J,PAN X L,et al.Preparing probiotics by vacuum freeze-drying method and its effect on nutrient apparent digestibility of beef cattle[J].Feed Industry,2018,39(13):42-46.(in Chinese)
[16] 李光梅,南木甲,祁全青,等.微生态制剂对青海细毛羊营养物质消化率、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2015(12):59-60,63. LI G M,NAN M J,QI Q Q,et al.Effects of microecological agents on nutrient digestibility,slaughter performance and meat quality of Qinghai fine-wool sheep[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,2015(12):59-60,63.(in Chinese)
[17] GENTHER O N,HANSEN S L.The effect of trace mineral source and concentration on ruminal digestion and mineral solubility[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2015,98(1):566-573.  
[18] FAIXOVÁ Z,FAIS Š,LENG L',et al.Haematological,blood and rumen chemistry changes in lambs following supplementation with Se-yeast[J].Acta Veterinaria Brno,2007,76(1):3-8.  
[19] WEI J Y,WANG J,LIU W,et al.Short communication:effects of different selenium supplements on rumen fermentation and apparent nutrient and selenium digestibility of mid-lactation dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2019,102(4):3131-3135.  
[20] SHEN Y Z,WANG H R,RAN T,et al.Influence of yeast culture and feed antibiotics on ruminal fermentation and site and extent of digestion in beef heifers fed high grain rations[J].Journal of Animal Science,2018,96(9):3916-3927.  
[21] 寇慧娟,陈玉林,刘敬敏,等.酵母培养物对羔羊生产性能、营养物质表现消化率及瘤胃发育的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2011,39(8):45-50. KOU H J,CHEN Y L,LIU J M,et al.Effects of supplemental yeast culture on performance,nutrient digestibility,and rumen development in Shanbei cashmere goat lambs[J].Journal of Northwest A & F University (Natural Science Edition),2011,39(8):45-50.(in Chinese)
[22] 曹文新.灭活酵母培养物对羔羊生长性能、瘤胃发酵及机体免疫的影响[D].硕士学位论文.保定:河北农业大学,2020. CAO W X.Effects of inactivated yeast culture on growth performance,rumen fermentation and immunity of lambs[D].Master's Thesis.Baoding:Hebei Agricultural University,2020.(in Chinese)
[23] 黎凌铄,彭忠利,陈仕勇,等.小肽与酵母培养物对舍饲牦牛瘤胃微生物多样性和发酵参数的影响[J].中国饲料,2021(5):16-23. LI L S,PENG Z L,CHEN S Y,et al.Effects of small peptide and yeast culture on rumen microbial diversity and fermentation parameters of yaks[J].China Feed,2021(5):16-23.(in Chinese)
[24] 向洋.不同淀粉水平日粮中添加酵母培养物对奶牛干物质采食量和瘤胃发酵功能的影响[J].中国饲料,2019(4):17-21. XIANG Y.Effects of yeast culture with dietary different starch levels supplementation on lactation performance and rumen fermentation of dairy cows[J].China Feed,2019(4):17-21.(in Chinese)
[25] 赵国宏,王世琴,王芬,等.湖羊育肥期饲粮添加酵母培养物对营养物质表观消化率及瘤胃发酵参数的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2019,50(10):2156-2165. ZHAO G H,WANG S Q,WANG F,et al.Effects of yeast culture supplementation in high-concentration diet on nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation of fattening Hu sheep[J].Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica,2019,50(10):2156-2165.(in Chinese)
[26] MYER P R,SMITH T P L,WELLS J E,et al.Rumen microbiome from steers differing in feed efficiency[J].PLoS One,2015,10(6):e0129174.
[27] 曾钰.日粮中发酵杂粕替代豆粕和添加小肽产品对肉牛生长性能、养分消化、瘤胃发酵和菌群组成的影响[D].硕士学位论文.成都:西南民族大学,2020. ZENG Y.Effects of fermented mixed meals to replace soybean meal and small peptide products supplementation in diets on growth performance,nutrient digestion,rumen fermentation and bacterial composition of beef cattle[D].Master's Thesis.Chengdu:Southwest Minzu University,2020.(in Chinese)
[28] 曾钰,高彦华,彭忠利,等.饲粮中添加酵母培养物对舍饲牦牛瘤胃发酵参数及微生物区系的影响[J].动物营养学报,2020,32(4):264-276. ZENG Y,GAO Y H,PENG Z L,et al.Effects of dietary yeast culture on rumen fermentation parameters and microflora of yaks[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,20,32(4):264-276.(in Chinese)
[29] 刘程,何韵秋,徐宁宁,等.复合益生菌对泌乳中后期奶牛生产性能和瘤胃菌群的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2020,56(4):115-121. LIU C,HE Y Q,XU N N,et al.Effects of compound probiotics on performance and rumen microflora in middle and late lactation dairy cows[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2020,56(4):115-121.(in Chinese)
文章导航

/