动物营养学报 >

2021 , Vol. 33 >Issue 12: 6973 - 6981

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.12.038

水产动物营养与饲料 AQUATIC ANIMAL NUTRITION AND FEED

全脂或脱脂南极磷虾粉替代鱼粉对红白锦鲤生长性能、体色和血清生化指标的影响

  • 梁艺馨 ,
  • 邬国强 ,
  • 杨叶欣 ,
  • 刘超 ,
  • 刘奕 ,
  • 牟希东 ,
  • 汪学杰 ,
  • 胡隐昌 ,
  • 宋红梅
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  • 1. 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所, 农业农村部休闲渔业重点实验室, 广东省水产动物免疫技术重点实验室, 广州 510380;
    2. 上海海洋大学水产与生命学院, 上海 201306
梁艺馨(1993-),女,广西岑溪人,硕士,研究方向为水产动物营养与饲料。E-mail:liangyixin1218@163.com

收稿日期: 2021-05-11

  网络出版日期: 2021-12-16

基金资助

国家淡水水产种质资源库（NFGR-2021）；广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设项目（2021KJ150）；广东省自然科学基金-面上项目（2020A1515010304）

收起

Effects of Whole Fat or Defatted Antarctic Krill Meal Instead of Fish Meal on Growth Performance, Body Color and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Red-White Koi Carp (Cyprinus carpio var. koi)

  • LIANG Yixin ,
  • WU Guoqiang ,
  • YANG Yexin ,
  • LIU Chao ,
  • LIU Yi ,
  • MU Xidong ,
  • WANG Xuejie ,
  • HU Yinchang ,
  • SONG Hongmei
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  • 1. Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Leisure Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Pearl River Fisheries Rresearch Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China;
    2. College of Fisheries and Life sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China

Received date: 2021-05-11

  Online published: 2021-12-16

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摘要

本试验旨在研究全脂或脱脂南极磷虾粉替代鱼粉对红白锦鲤生长性能、体色、血清生化指标的影响。选取初体重为（13.50±0.50）g的红白锦鲤630尾作为试验对象，随机分为7个组，每组设置3个重复，每个重复30尾，其中对照组投喂基础饲料（Q0），另外6个试验组饲喂在基础饲料中梯度添加全脂或脱脂磷虾粉（鱼粉替代水平分别为10%全脂、20%全脂、30%脱脂、10%脱脂、20%脱脂、30%脱脂）的试验饲料，分别命名为Q10、Q20、Q30、T10、T20、T30，投喂共计60 d，结束后测量红白锦鲤生长性能、体色和血清生化指标。结果表明：1）与Q0组相比，南极磷虾粉替代鱼粉可显著提高红白锦鲤的特定生长率（P<0.05），降低肥满度。2）随着南极磷虾粉替代水平的升高，红白锦鲤体表红色区域各组间亮度（L*）值无显著差异（P>0.05），红度（a*）和黄度（b*）值均随着南极磷虾粉替代水平的升高而逐渐升高，全脂磷虾粉对体色的改善优于脱脂磷虾粉。3）全脂组（Q10、Q20和Q30）血清谷草转氨酶/谷丙转氨酶（AST/ALT）比值随着南极磷虾粉替代鱼粉水平的升高而显著降低（P<0.05），脱脂组（T10、T20和T30）AST/ALT比值显著升高（P<0.05），各组间血清总胆固醇含量无显著差异（P>0.05），血清甘油三酯含量显著下降（P<0.05）。由此可见，使用适量全脂或脱脂磷虾粉替代鱼粉可在一定程度上提高红白锦鲤的生长性能，改善体色，优化血清生化指标。综合以上试验结果，推荐在鱼粉添加水平为500 g/kg的锦鲤饲料中，全脂磷虾粉的替代水平为20%~30%，脱脂磷虾粉的替代水平为10%~20%。

关键词： 红白锦鲤; 南极磷虾粉; 生长性能; 体色; 血清生化指标

本文引用格式

梁艺馨 , 邬国强 , 杨叶欣 , 刘超 , 刘奕 , 牟希东 , 汪学杰 , 胡隐昌 , 宋红梅 . 全脂或脱脂南极磷虾粉替代鱼粉对红白锦鲤生长性能、体色和血清生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021 , 33(12) : 6973 -6981 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2021.12.038

Abstract

This study was conducted to study the effects of fish meal substituted by whole fat or defatted Antarctic krill meal on growth performance, body color and serum biochemical indexes of red-white koi carp. A total of 630 red-white koi carp with the average body weight of (13.05±0.50) g were randomly divided into 7 groups with 3 replicates per group and 30 fish per replicate. One group was fed a basal diet (Q0) as control group, and the other 6 groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with whole fat or defatted krill meal (the replacement levels of fish meal were 10% whole fat, 20% whole fat, 30% defatted, 10% defatted, 20% defatted and 30% defatted, respectively) as experimental groups, which were named as Q10, Q20, Q30, T10, T20 and T30, respectively. At the end of 60 days of feeding trial, growth performance, body color and serum biochemical indexes were measured. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the Q0 group,the replacement of fish meal with krill meal significantly improved the specific growth rate of red-white koi (P<0.05), and decreased the condition factor. 2) With the increasing of krill meal substitution proportion for fish meal, the lightness (L*) value in the red area of the body surface of red-white koi carp was no significant difference among groups (P>0.05), but the redness (a*) value and the yellowness (b*) value were gradually increased with the increasing the substitution level of krill meal. The improvement of body color of whole fat krill meal was better than that of non-fat krill meal. 3) As the replacement level of fish meal by Antarctic krill meal increased, the glutamic oxal transaminase/glutamic pyruvic transaminase (AST/ALT) ratio of whole fat group (Q10, Q20 and Q30 groups) was significantly decreased (P<0.05), AST/ALT ratio of degrease group (T10, T20 and T30 groups) was significantly increased (P<0.05), serum total cholesterol content had no significant difference among all groups (P>0.05), and serum triglyceride content was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Based on the above results, the growth performance, body color and serum biochemical indices of koi carp can be improved by using proper amount of whole fat or degreased krill meal instead of fish meal. It is recommended that the replacement level of whole fat krill meal in koi carp diet with fish meal supplementation level of 500 g/kg is 20% to 30%, and the replacement level of defatted krill meal is 10% to 20%.

Key words： red-white koi carp; Antarctic krill meal; growth performance; body color; serum biochemical indices

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