研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

复合乳酸菌发酵饲料对生长猪生长性能、粪便菌群、血清免疫和抗氧化指标的影响

  • 刘辉 ,
  • 季海峰 ,
  • 王四新 ,
  • 张董燕 ,
  • 王晶 ,
  • 张伟 ,
  • 王雅民
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  • 北京市农林科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 北京 100097
刘辉(1978-),男,山东济南人,副研究员,硕士,研究方向为动物营养与饲料。E-mail:liuh1860@sina.com

收稿日期: 2021-06-29

  网络出版日期: 2022-02-15

基金资助

生猪产业技术体系北京市创新团队建设项目(BAIC02);北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX201914);北京市农林科学院畜牧所事业基金(XMSSYJJ202102)

Effects of Compound Lactic Acid Bacteria Fermented Feed on Growth Performance, Fecal Microflora, Serum Immune and Antioxidant Indexes of Growing Pigs

  • LIU Hui ,
  • JI Haifeng ,
  • WANG Sixin ,
  • ZHANG Dongyan ,
  • WANG Jing ,
  • ZHANG Wei ,
  • WANG Yamin
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  • Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China

Received date: 2021-06-29

  Online published: 2022-02-15

摘要

本试验旨在研究复合乳酸菌发酵饲料对生长猪生长性能、粪便菌群、血清免疫和抗氧化指标的影响。选取平均体重(40.69±1.16) kg的健康"长×大"二元生长猪90头,随机分为3个组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加1%和3%复合乳酸菌发酵饲料的试验饲粮,试验期34 d。结果显示:与对照组相比,1)试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组的料重比显著降低(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组的平均日增重显著增加(P<0.05);2)试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组粪便中乳酸菌数量显著增加(P<0.05),大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌数量显著减少(P<0.05);3)试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组粪便中拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)的相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05),狭义梭菌属1(Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1)的相对丰度显著增加(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组粪便中链球菌属(Streptococcus)的相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05);4)试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组血清总蛋白、球蛋白含量显著升高(P<0.05),尿素氮、总胆固醇含量以及谷丙转氨酶活性显著降低(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组血清谷草转氨酶活性显著降低(P<0.05);5)试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组血清免疫球蛋白G、免疫球蛋白M含量以及超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著升高(P<0.05),丙二醛含量显著降低(P<0.05)。综上可知,饲粮中添加1%的复合乳酸菌发酵饲料可提高生长猪的生长性能,改善肠道菌群组成,并可增强机体的免疫功能和抗氧化功能。

本文引用格式

刘辉 , 季海峰 , 王四新 , 张董燕 , 王晶 , 张伟 , 王雅民 . 复合乳酸菌发酵饲料对生长猪生长性能、粪便菌群、血清免疫和抗氧化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(2) : 783 -794 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.02.013

Abstract

To evaluate the effects of compound lactic acid bacteria fermented feed on growth performance, fecal microflora, serum immune and antioxidant indexes of growing pigs, a total of 90 Landrace×Yorkshire crossbred growing pigs with an average body weight of (40.69±1.16) kg were divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates per group and 10 pigs per replicate. Pigs in the control group were fed a basal diet, and the others in experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 1% (experimental group Ⅰ) and 3% (experimental group Ⅱ) compound lactic acid bacteria fermented feed, respectively. The trial lasted for 34 days. The results showed that, compared with control:1) the average daily gain (ADG) was significantly increased in experimental group Ⅰ (P<0.05), while the feed/gain (F/G) was significantly decreased in experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05); 2) the number of fecal lactic acid bacteria was significantly increased (P<0.05), while the numbers of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were significantly decreased in experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05); 3) the relative abundance of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 in experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ was significantly increased (P<0.05), while the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ and Streptococcus in experimental group Ⅱ were significantly decreased (P<0.05); 4) serum total protein (TP) and globulin (GLB) contents were significantly increased (P<0.05), while the contents of urea nitrogen (UN) and total cholesterol (TC), and the alanine transaminase (ALT) activity were significantly decreased in experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05), and the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity was significantly decreased in experimental group Ⅰ (P<0.05); 5) the contents of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM), and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in serum were significantly increased (P<0.05), while the malonaldehyde (MDA) content was significantly decreased in experimental groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05). In summary, dietary 1% compound lactic acid bacteria fermented feed can improve the growth performance and the intestinal microbial composition of growing pigs, and enhance the body's immune function and antioxidant ability.

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