动物营养学报 >

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 2: 961 - 970

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.02.028

研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

红棕油对肉鸭生长性能、肠道发育、营养物质表观代谢率及血清生化指标的影响

  • 魏宇超 ,
  • 马银辉 ,
  • 张燕兵 ,
  • 孙磊 ,
  • 陈宝江
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  • 1. 河北农业大学动物科技学院, 保定 071000;
    2. 大马棕榈油技术研发(上海)有限公司, 上海 201108;
    3. 山东中牧饲料科技有限公司, 滨州 256603
魏宇超(1996-),男,河北保定人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学。E-mail:w1205737181@qq.com

收稿日期: 2021-06-30

  网络出版日期: 2022-02-15

基金资助

企业横向委托课题——棕榈仁油基乳化油在肉鸭饲料中的应用

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Effects of Red Palm Oil on Growth Performance, Intestinal Development, Nutrient Apparent Metabolic Rates and Serum Biochemical Indices of Meat Ducks

  • WEI Yuchao ,
  • MA Yinhui ,
  • ZHANG Yanbing ,
  • SUN Lei ,
  • CHEN Baojiang
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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China;
    2. Malaysia Palm Oil Technology Research and Development (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201108, China;
    3. Shandong Zhongmu Feed Technology Co., Ltd., Binzhou 256603, China

Received date: 2021-06-30

  Online published: 2022-02-15

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摘要

本试验旨在研究红棕油对肉鸭生长性能、肠道发育、营养物质表观代谢率及血清生化指标的影响。选取1日龄健康、体重为（50±2） g的樱桃谷肉鸭640羽，随机分为4组，每组10个重复，每个重复16羽（公母各占1/2）。对照组饲喂添加0.45%棕榈油的基础饲粮，试验1组饲喂添加0.15%红棕油+0.30%棕榈油的基础饲粮，试验2组饲喂添加0.30%红棕油+0.15%棕榈油的基础饲粮，试验3组饲喂添加0.45%红棕油的基础饲粮。试验期为42 d。结果表明：1）在1~21日龄，试验2组平均日采食量极显著高于试验3组（P<0.01）。在1~42日龄，试验3组平均日采食量极显著低于其他各组（P<0.01），试验3组平均日增重显著低于其他各组（P<0.05）。对照组肉鸭死亡率极显著高于其他各组（P<0.01）。2）与对照组相比，试验1和2组空肠绒毛高度极显著升高（P<0.01），试验1组空肠隐窝深度极显著升高（P<0.01），试验2组空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著升高（P<0.05）。与对照组相比，试验1和2组回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度极显著升高（P<0.01）。3）与对照组相比，试验2组空肠和回肠胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶活性极显著升高（P<0.01）。4）在21日龄，与对照组相比，试验1、2和3组钙表观代谢率显著升高（P<0.05），试验2和3组总能表观代谢率显著或极显著升高（P<0.05或P<0.01）。在42日龄，与对照组相比，试验2组粗脂肪和粗蛋白质表观代谢率显著或极显著升高（P<0.05或P<0.01），试验2和3组总能表观代谢率极显著升高（P<0.01）。5）在21日龄，与对照组相比，试验1组血清低密度脂蛋白含量显著升高（P<0.05），试验3组血清脂联素含量极显著升高（P<0.01）。在42日龄，与对照组相比，试验1和2组血清高密度脂蛋白含量显著降低（P<0.05）。由此可见，饲粮红棕油添加水平在0.30%时可以提高樱桃谷肉鸭营养物质表观代谢率，促进肠道发育，提高肠道消化酶活性，维持机体脂质代谢水平处于正常范围。

关键词： 红棕油; 肉鸭; 生长性能; 肠道发育; 营养物质表观代谢率; 血清生化指标

本文引用格式

魏宇超 , 马银辉 , 张燕兵 , 孙磊 , 陈宝江 . 红棕油对肉鸭生长性能、肠道发育、营养物质表观代谢率及血清生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(2) : 961 -970 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.02.028

Abstract

The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of red palm oil on growth performance, intestinal development, nutrient apparent metabolic rates and serum biochemical indices of meat ducks. A total of 640 one-day-old healthy Cherry Valley meat ducks with a body weight of (50±2) g were randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 replicates per group and 16 ducks per replicate (half male and half female). Ducks in the control group was fed a basal diet supplemented with 0.45% palm oil, ducks in the test group 1 were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0.15% red palm oil+0.30% palm oil, ducks in the test group 2 were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0.30% red palm oil+0.15% palm oil, and others in test group 3 were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0.45% red palm oil. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The results showed as follows:1) during 1 to 21 days of age, the average daily feed intake in test group 2 was significantly higher than that in test group 3 (P<0.01). During 1 to 42 days of age, the average daily feed intake in test group 3 was significantly lower than that in other groups (P<0.01), and the average daily gain in test group 3 was significantly lower than that in other groups (P<0.05). The mortality rate of meat ducks in the control group was significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.01). 2) Compared with the control group, the jejunal villus height in test groups 1 and 2 was significantly increased (P<0.01), the jejunal crypt depth in test group 1 was significantly decreased (P<0.01), and the jejunal villus height/crypt depth in test group 2 was significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the ileal villus height/crypt depth in test groups 1 and 2 was significantly increased (P<0.01). 3) Compared with the control group, the activities of trypsin and lipase in jejunum and ileum in test group 2 were significantly increased (P<0.01). 4) At 21 days of age, compared with the control group, the calcium apparent metabolic rate in test groups 1, 2 and 3 was significantly increased (P<0.05), the gross energy apparent metabolic rate in test groups 2 and 3 was significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). At 42 days of age, compared with the control group, the apparent metabolic rates of ether extract and crude protein in test group 2 were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the gross energy apparent metabolic rate in test groups 2 and 3 was significantly increased (P<0.01). 5) At 21 days of age, compared with the control group, the serum low density lipoprotein content in test group 1 was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the serum adiponectin content in test group 3 was significantly increased (P<0.01). At 42 days of age, compared with the control group, the serum high density lipoprotein content in test groups 1 and 2 was significantly decreased (P<0.05). In conclusion, the addition level of 0.30% red palm oil in diet can improve the nutrient apparent metabolic rates of Cherry Valley ducks, promote intestinal development, improve intestinal digestive enzyme activities, and maintain the body lipid metabolism level in the normal range.

Key words： red palm oil; meat ducks; growth performance; intestinal development; nutrient apparent metabolic rates; serum biochemical indices

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