研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

番茄皮渣与高粱秸秆混贮的发酵品质、瘤胃降解率及有氧稳定性

  • 王挺 ,
  • 宋磊 ,
  • 王旭哲 ,
  • 马春晖 ,
  • 杜保军 ,
  • 海拉提 ,
  • 张凡凡
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  • 1. 石河子大学动物科技学院, 石河子 832000;
    2. 天康生物股份有限公司, 乌鲁木齐 830000;
    3. 新疆维吾尔自治区畜牧总站, 乌鲁木齐 830000
王挺(1995-),男,四川广元人,硕士研究生,研究方向为饲草生产与加工。E-mail:1594494077@qq.com

收稿日期: 2021-08-22

  网络出版日期: 2022-03-14

基金资助

财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS);新疆维吾尔自治区优质饲草产业技术体系项目;石河子大学高层次人才科研项目(RCSX2018B12);自治区优质饲草产业技术体系(SCTX-2021-03)

Fermentation Quality, Rumen Degradation Rate and Aerobic Stability of Mixed Storage of Tomato Pomace and Sorghum Stalk

  • WANG Ting ,
  • SONG Lei ,
  • WANG Xuzhe ,
  • MA Chunhui ,
  • DU Baojun ,
  • HAI Lati ,
  • ZHANG Fanfan
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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China;
    2. Tecon Biology Co., Ltd., Urumqi 830000, China;
    3. Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Animal Husbandry General Station, Urumqi 830000, China

Received date: 2021-08-22

  Online published: 2022-03-14

摘要

本试验旨在通过化学分析和瘤胃瘘管绵羊动物模型探究番茄皮渣与高粱秸秆混贮的发酵品质、瘤胃降解率及有氧稳定性,明确最优混贮比例及含水量。试验采用真空袋法调制混合青贮,按照不同的番茄皮渣:高粱秸秆混贮比例(3:7、4:6、5:5、6:4、7:3)分为5个处理(T1、T2、T3、T4、T5)。发酵90 d后开袋进行感官评定,分析发酵品质、有氧稳定性、瘤胃降解率,采用隶属函数分析法评价最优处理。结果表明:1)T1、T2处理感官评定为优等。2)T1处理的干物质(DM)、水溶性碳水化合物(WSC)、粗蛋白质(CP)及乳酸(LA)含量显著高于其他处理(P<0.05),T1、T2处理的氨态氮/总氮(NH3-N/TN),中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、丙酸(PA)、乙酸(AA)及丁酸(BA)含量及pH显著低于其他处理(P<0.05)。3)随着有氧暴露时间的延长,T1、T2处理的乳酸菌(LAB)数量始终显著高于其他处理(P<0.05),pH、酵母菌及霉菌数量始终显著低于其他处理(P<0.05)。4)瘤胃降解24 h时,T1、T2处理的干物质降解率(DMD)、有机物降解率(OMD)显著高于其他处理(P<0.05),T1处理的中性洗涤纤维降解率(NDFD)显著高于其他处理(P<0.05),T2处理的酸性洗涤纤维降解率(ADFD)显著高于其他处理(P<0.05)。番茄皮渣与高粱秸秆混贮发酵结束后,将混贮的18个核心指标进行隶属函数分析得出:当番茄皮渣添加量为30%(番茄皮渣:高粱秸秆=3:7,水分含量67.85%)时,番茄皮渣与高粱秸秆混贮的综合价值最高;当番茄皮渣添加量为30%~40%,含水量为67.85%~70.45%时,番茄皮渣与高粱秸秆混贮有氧稳定性最优。

本文引用格式

王挺 , 宋磊 , 王旭哲 , 马春晖 , 杜保军 , 海拉提 , 张凡凡 . 番茄皮渣与高粱秸秆混贮的发酵品质、瘤胃降解率及有氧稳定性[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(3) : 1809 -1819 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.03.041

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the fermentation quality, rumen degradation rate and aerobic stability of the mixed storage of tomato pomace and sorghum stalk by chemical analysis and rumen cannulated sheep animal model. The optimal mixing ratio and water content had been determined, and a theoretical basis for broadening new feed way and high efficiency of resource utilization will be provided. Vacuum bag were used for this experiment to blend the mixed storage. Five treatments were designed as tomato pomace:sorghum stalk=3:7 (T1), 4:6 (T2), 5:5 (T3), 6:4 (T4), 7:3 (T5). After 90 days of fermentation, the bags were opened, and sensory evaluation, fermentation quality, aerobic stability and rumen degradation rate were analyzed. The membership function analysis was used to evaluate the optimal treatment. The results showed as follows:1) the sensory evaluation of T1 and T2 treatments was excellent. 2) The contents of dry matter (DM), water soluble carbohydrate (WSC), crude protein (CP) and lactic acid (LA) contents in T1 treatment were significantly higher than those in other treatments (P<0.05). The ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen (NH3-N/TN), the contents of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), propionic acid (PA), acetic acid (AA) and butyric acid (BA) and pH in T1 and T2 treatments were significantly lower than those in other treatments (P<0.05). 3) As the aerobic exposure time increased, the number of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in T1 and T2 treatments was always significantly higher than that in other treatments (P<0.05). The pH and the number of yeast and mold in T1 and T2 treatments were always significantly lower than those in other treatments (P<0.05). 4) At the 24 h of rumen degradation, the degradation rate of dry matter (DMD), organic matter (OMD) of T1 and T2 treatments were significantly higher than those in other treatments (P<0.05). The neutral detergent fiber degradation rate (NDFD) in T1 treatment was significantly higher than that in other treatments (P<0.05). The acid detergent fiber degradation rate (ADFD) in T2 treatment was significantly higher than that in other treatments (P<0.05). After fermentation of the mixed storage of tomato pomace and sorghum stalk, according to the comprehensive analysis of 18 core indexes of the mixed storage by the member function:the comprehensive value of the mixed storage of tomato pomace and sorghum stalk is the highest when the addition amount of tomato pomace is 30% (tomato pomace:sorghum stalk=3:7, moisture content is 67.85%). The aerobic stability of the mixed storage of tomato pomace and sorghum stalk is the best when the addition amount of tomato pomace is 30% to 40% and the water content is 67.85% to 70.45%.

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