研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

精氨酸对杂交鳢生长性能、体组成、血浆生化指标及抗氧化能力的影响

  • 李培佳 ,
  • 陈晓瑛 ,
  • 赵红霞 ,
  • 曹俊明 ,
  • 陈冰 ,
  • 彭凯 ,
  • 黄文 ,
  • 郭慧
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  • 1. 广东海洋大学水产学院, 湛江 524088;
    2. 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所, 农业农村部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室, 广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室, 广州 510640;
    3. 广州飞禧特生物科技有限公司, 广州 510640
李培佳(1998-),男,河南鹤壁人,硕士研究生,从事水产动物营养与饲料的研究。E-mail:2633134605@qq.com

收稿日期: 2021-08-04

  网络出版日期: 2022-03-14

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(31402307,31902388);广东省自然科学基金(2021A1515010850)

Effects of Arginine on Growth Performance, Body Composition, Plasma Biochemical Indexes and Antioxidant Capacity of Hybrid Snakehead(Channa maculata ♀×Channa argus ♂)

  • LI Peijia ,
  • CHEN Xiaoying ,
  • ZHAO Hongxia ,
  • CAO Junming ,
  • CHEN Bing ,
  • PENG Kai ,
  • HUANG Wen ,
  • GUO Hui
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  • 1. College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China;
    2. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China;
    3. Guangzhou Fishtech Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510640, China

Received date: 2021-08-04

  Online published: 2022-03-14

摘要

本试验旨在研究饲料中添加精氨酸对杂交鳢(Channa maculata ♀×Channa argus ♂)幼鱼生长性能、体组成、血浆生化指标以及抗氧化能力的影响。选取初始体重为(22.02±0.02)g的杂交鳢750尾,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复50尾鱼,分别投喂精氨酸水平为2.31%、2.42%、2.72%、2.92%、3.12%的5种试验饲料,分别记作G1、G2、G3、G4、G5,饲喂8周。结果显示:1)随着饲料精氨酸水平升高,杂交鳢的增重率、特定生长率、蛋白质沉积率呈现先上升后下降的趋势,并在G4组达到显著水平(P<0.05);饲料系数呈现下降趋势,并在G4组达到显著水平(P<0.05);精氨酸水平对杂交鳢存活率、肥满度、脏体比无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)杂交鳢全鱼粗蛋白质和粗灰分含量在各组之间存在差异,且均在G4组达到显著水平(P<0.05),全鱼水分、粗脂肪含量各组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。随着饲料精氨酸水平上升,杂交鳢全鱼精氨酸含量呈现先升高后下降趋势,在G4组达到显著水平(P<0.05),亮氨酸、蛋氨酸、缬氨酸、丙氨酸、甘氨酸、天冬氨酸含量在G3组达到显著水平(P<0.05),其他氨基酸含量各组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)饲料精氨酸水平对杂交鳢血浆总蛋白、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、尿素氮、葡萄糖含量及谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶活性均无显著影响(P>0.05)。G3组血浆超氧化物歧化酶活性显著高于G1、G2组(P<0.05),G5组血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著高于G2组(P<0.05);与G1组相比,G5组血浆总抗氧化能力显著升高(P<0.05),丙二醛含量显著下降(P<0.05)。综上所述,杂交鳢饲料中添加适宜水平的精氨酸显著促进氨基酸吸收、增加蛋白质沉积、提高生长性能和增强抗氧化能力。本试验条件下,以杂交鳢特定生长率、增重率、蛋白质沉积率指标为判定依据,通过折线模型,进行综合分析表明,杂交鳢幼鱼饲料精氨酸适宜水平分别为2.91%、2.95%、2.98%(饲料粗蛋白质含量分别为6.63%、6.65%、6.72%)。

本文引用格式

李培佳 , 陈晓瑛 , 赵红霞 , 曹俊明 , 陈冰 , 彭凯 , 黄文 , 郭慧 . 精氨酸对杂交鳢生长性能、体组成、血浆生化指标及抗氧化能力的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(3) : 1820 -1830 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.03.042

Abstract

The experiment was aimed to study the effects of dietary arginine on growth performance, body composition, plasma biochemical indexes and antioxidant capacity of juvenile hybrid snakehead (Channa maculata ♀×Channa argus ♂). A total of 750 hybrid snakeheads with an average initial weight of (22.02±0.02) g were selected and randomly divided into five groups with three replicates in each group and 50 fish in each replicate. Five experimental diets were prepared to contain arginine with 2.31%, 2.42%, 2.72%, 2.92% and 3.12%, respectively, recorded as G1, G2, G3, G4 and G5, respectively. The feeding period was 8 weeks. The results showed as follows:1) with the increase of dietary arginine level, weight gain rate, specific growth rate, protein productive rate of hybrid snakehead increased first and then decreased, and increased significantly in G4 group (P<0.05). Feed coefficient showed a downward trend and significantly decreased in G4 group (P<0.05). The level of arginine had no significant effects on survival rate, fattening degree, viserosomatic index of hybrid snakehead (P>0.05). 2) The contents of crude protein and ash in the whole fish of hybrid snakehead increased significantly in G4 group (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the contents of moisture and crude fat in the whole fish (P>0.05). With the increase of dietary arginine levels, arginine content in the whole fish of hybrid snakehead increased first and then decreased, and significantly increased in G4 group (P<0.05). The contents of leucine, methionine, valine, alanine, glycine, aspartic acid increased significantly in G3 group (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in other amino acid contents (P>0.05). 3) The level of dietary arginine had no significant effect on plasma total protein, triglyceride, total cholesterol, urea nitrogen, glucose contents and glutamic oxalacetic transaminase and alanine transaminase activities (P>0.05). The activity of superoxide dismutase in G3 group was significantly higher than that in G1 and G2 groups (P<0.05), and the activity of glutathione peroxidase in G5 group was significantly higher than that in G2 group (P<0.05). Compared with G1 group, the total antioxidant capacity increased significantly (P<0.05) and the content of malonaldehyde decreased significantly in G5 group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the addition of appropriate level of arginine in the feed of hybrid snakehead significantly promote amino acid absorption, increase protein deposition, improve growth performance and antioxidant capacity. Under the experimental conditions, based on the specific growth rate, weight gain rate, protein productive rate indexes of hybrid snakehead, a comprehensive analysis through a broken line model shows that the optimal levels of arginine for hybrid snakehead juvenile fish are 2.91%, 2.95% and 2.98% (the feed protein contents are 6.63%, 6.65% and 6.72%).

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