研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

不同去势程度对筠连黄牛生长性能、血清指标和瘤胃发酵的影响

  • 李翔 ,
  • ALI Mujtaba Shah ,
  • 王之盛 ,
  • 胡瑞 ,
  • 黎光杨 ,
  • 姚小鹤 ,
  • 王艳阳 ,
  • 梁秀容 ,
  • 张祺琪 ,
  • 邹华围 ,
  • 彭全辉 ,
  • 薛白 ,
  • 王立志
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  • 四川农业大学动物营养研究所, 四川省低碳养殖与安全生产高校重点实验室, 成都 611130
李翔(1995-),男,四川苍溪人,硕士研究生,从事反刍动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:lixiang.27@foxmail.com

收稿日期: 2021-09-11

  网络出版日期: 2022-04-14

基金资助

四川省科技计划资助(2021YFYZ0001)

Effects of Different Castration Degrees on Growth Performance, Serum Indexes and Rumen Fermentation of Junlian Cattle

  • LI Xiang ,
  • ALI Mujtaba Shah ,
  • WANG Zhisheng ,
  • HU Rui ,
  • LI Guangyang ,
  • YAO Xiaohe ,
  • WANG Yanyang ,
  • LIANG Xiurong ,
  • ZHANG Qiqi ,
  • ZOU Huawei ,
  • PENG Quanhui ,
  • XUE Bai ,
  • WANG Lizhi
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  • Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Breeding and Safe Production of Cattle, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China

Received date: 2021-09-11

  Online published: 2022-04-14

摘要

本试验旨在对不同去势程度筠连黄牛的生长性能、血清指标和瘤胃发酵进行探究。选取18头年龄(9月龄)和体重[(184.46±17.37) kg]相近的健康筠连黄牛公牛,随机分为3组(双去势组、半去势组和假手术组),每组6头牛,饲喂相同饲粮,不同程度去势后,进行240 d的饲养试验。结果表明:1)与假手术相比,双去势能够显著降低筠连黄牛的体重和平均日增重(P ≤ 0.05),而半去势对体重和平均日增重无显著影响(P>0.05);去势程度不会影响筠连黄牛的干物质采食量和营养物质摄入量(P>0.05)。2)双去势组筠连黄牛血清睾酮和生长激素浓度显著低于假手术组(P ≤ 0.05),而血清雌二醇、胰岛素和生长抑素浓度则显著高于假手术组(P ≤ 0.05);半去势对血清各激素浓度无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)与假手术相比,双去势导致筠连黄牛血清低密度脂蛋白浓度、谷草转氨酶和碱性磷酸酶活性显著升高(P ≤ 0.05),血清游离脂肪酸、总蛋白和球蛋白浓度显著降低(P ≤ 0.05)。4)与假手术组相比,双去势组筠连黄牛瘤胃液pH显著升高(P ≤ 0.05),但瘤胃液氨态氮、微生物蛋白和挥发性脂肪酸(除丁酸和戊酸)浓度均显著降低(P ≤ 0.05);半去势对筠连黄牛各瘤胃发酵参数均无显著影响(P>0.05)。综上可知,双去势导致筠连黄牛的生长性能降低,同时血清睾酮浓度下降,雌二醇浓度增加,降低瘤胃代谢,但能一定程度促进脂肪的合成;半去势由于睾丸激素的代偿性分泌,能够弥补单侧睾丸缺失所产生的不利影响,使其与假手术组无显著差异。

本文引用格式

李翔 , ALI Mujtaba Shah , 王之盛 , 胡瑞 , 黎光杨 , 姚小鹤 , 王艳阳 , 梁秀容 , 张祺琪 , 邹华围 , 彭全辉 , 薛白 , 王立志 . 不同去势程度对筠连黄牛生长性能、血清指标和瘤胃发酵的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(4) : 2457 -2466 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.04.040

Abstract

The purpose of this experiment was to explore the growth performance, serum indexes and rumen fermentation of Junlian cattle with different degrees of castration. Eighteen Junlian bulls with similar age (9 months old) and body weight[(184.46±17.37) kg] were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups (full-castration group, hemicastration group and sham-operation group) with 6 cattle in each group, they fed the same diet and castrated in different degrees, then the feeding experiment was conducted for 240 days. The results showed as follows:1) compared with sham-operation, full-castration could significantly reduce the body weight and average daily gain of Junlian cattle (P ≤ 0.05), while hemicastration had no significant effects on them (P>0.05), and castration degree had no significant effects on dry matter intake and nutrient intake of Junlian cattle (P>0.05); 2) the serum concentrations of testosterone and growth hormone in full-castration group were significantly lower than those in sham-operation group (P ≤ 0.05), while the serum concentrations of estradiol, insulin and somatostatin were significantly higher than those in sham-operation group (P ≤ 0.05). Hemicastration had no significant effects on serum hormone concentrations (P>0.05). 3) Compared with sham-operation, full-castration significantly increased the serum low density lipoprotein concentrations and the activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase (P ≤ 0.05), while significantly decreased the serum concentrations of free fatty acids, total protein and globulin (P<0.05). 4) Compared with the sham-operation group, rumen fluid pH in full-castration group was significantly increased (P ≤ 0.05), but the rumen fluid concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, microbial protein and volatile fatty acids (except butyric acid and valeric acid) were significantly decreased (P ≤ 0.05). Hemicastration had no significant effects on rumen fermentation parameters (P>0.05). In conclusion, full-castration results in decreased growth performance, decreased serum testosterone concentration, increased estradiol concentration, decreased rumen metabolism, but promoted fat synthesis to a certain extent. Hemicastration due to the compensatory secretion of testosterone can make up for the loss of unilateral testis, making it insignificantly different from the sham-operation group.

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