动物营养学报 >

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 4: 2677 - 2688

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.04.061

研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

基于主成分分析和隶属函数分析评价不同添加剂处理的玉米秸秆青贮的发酵品质

  • 张志恒 ,
  • 王玉琴 ,
  • 任国艳 ,
  • 李元晓 ,
  • 赵凌平 ,
  • 吴秋珏 ,
  • 张子军
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  • 1. 河南科技大学动物科技学院, 洛阳 471003;
    2. 河南省肉羊繁育工程技术研究中心, 洛阳 471003;
    3. 安徽农业大学, 合肥 230000
张志恒(1995-),男,河南驻马店人,硕士研究生,从事动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:zhangzhiheng2021@126.com

收稿日期: 2021-08-29

  网络出版日期: 2022-04-14

基金资助

国家“十三五”重点研发子课题（2018YFD0502001）；财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系资助（CARS-38）

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Evaluation of Fermentation Quality of Corn Straw Silage Treated with Different Additives Based on Principal Component Analysis and Membership Function Analysis

  • ZHANG Zhiheng ,
  • WANG Yuqin ,
  • REN Guoyan ,
  • LI Yuanxiao ,
  • ZHAO Lingping ,
  • WU Qiujue ,
  • ZHANG Zijun
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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China;
    2. Engineering Research Center for Mutton Sheep Breeding of Henan Province, Luoyang 471003, China;
    3. Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230000, China

Received date: 2021-08-29

  Online published: 2022-04-14

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摘要

本试验旨在研究不同添加剂对玉米秸秆青贮常规营养成分含量及发酵品质的影响。以收获籽实后的“渝青386”玉米秸秆为试验材料，将产抗菌肽枯草芽孢杆菌（BS）、纤维素酶（CL）分别以0.01%、0.02%、0.03%的剂量添加到粉碎后的玉米秸秆原料中，以无添加剂为空白对照组（CK组），共计7个组，每个组设置3个重复，常温避光保存110 d后进行常规营养成分含量、木质纤维组分及发酵品质的测定与分析。结果表明:1）相比于CK组，0.01%CL组、0.02%CL组和0.01%BS组的水溶性碳水化合物含量均显著降低（P<0.05），0.03%CL组的干物质含量显著升高（P<0.05）；0.01%BS组的粗蛋白质含量显著高于0.03%BS组（P<0.05）。2）相比于CK组，0.01%CL组的中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、纤维素和综纤维素含量均显著降低（P<0.05），0.02%CL组的中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤木质素含量均显著降低（P<0.05），0.01%CL组和0.02%CL组的相对饲喂价值均显著提高（P<0.05）。3）相比于CK组，各BS添加组和0.02%CL组的乳酸含量均显著提高（P<0.05）；各添加剂组的pH与CK组均无显著差异（P>0.05），但0.03%BS组的pH显著低于0.01%BS组和0.01%CL组（P<0.05）；氨态氮/总氮在各组间均无显著差异（P>0.05）。4）主成分分析和隶属函数分析得出各组综合排名为0.02%CL组>0.03%CL组>0.01%BS组>0.03%BS组>0.01%CL组>0.02%BS组>CK组。综上可知，CL和BS对玉米秸秆青贮的常规营养成分含量和发酵品质均有一定程度的提升，其中BS以0.01%的添加剂量效果最好，CL以0.02%的添加剂量效果最好。所有添加剂组中以0.02% CL组的青贮效果最佳。

关键词： 玉米秸秆; 发酵品质; 青贮添加剂; 主成分分析; 隶属函数评价

本文引用格式

张志恒 , 王玉琴 , 任国艳 , 李元晓 , 赵凌平 , 吴秋珏 , 张子军 . 基于主成分分析和隶属函数分析评价不同添加剂处理的玉米秸秆青贮的发酵品质[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(4) : 2677 -2688 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.04.061

Abstract

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of different additives on conventional nutrient contents and fermentation quality of corn straw silage. The 'Yuqing 386' corn straw after seed harvest was used as the experimental material, two additives of antimicrobial peptide-producing Bacillus subtilis (BS) and cellulase (CL) were added to the crushed corn straw at 3 different doses of 0.01%, 0.02% and 0.03%, respectively, and no additive was used as the blank control group (CK group). A total of 7 groups with 3 replicates per group were stored in the dark at room temperature for 110 days, and the conventional nutrient contents, lignocellulosic components and fermentation quality were determined and analyzed. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the CK group, the content of water-soluble carbohydrate in 0.01% CL group, 0.02% CL group and 0.01% BS group decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the content of dry matter in 0.03% CL group increased significantly (P<0.05); the content of crude protein in 0.01% BS group was significantly higher than that in 0.03% BS group (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the CK group, the contents of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, cellulose and holocellulose in 0.01% CL group decreased significantly (P<0.05), the contents of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin in 0.02% CL group decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the relative feeding value in 0.01% CL group and 0.02% CL group increased significantly (P<0.05). 3) Compared with the CK group, the content of lactic acid in all BS added groups and 0.02% CL group increased significantly (P<0.05); there was no significant difference in pH between each additive group and CK group (P>0.05), but the pH in 0.03% BS group was significantly lower than that in 0.01% BS group and 0.01% CL group (P<0.05); there was no significant difference in ammoniacal nitrogen/total nitrogen among all groups (P>0.05). 4) Principal component analysis and membership function analysis showed that the comprehensive ranking of each group was 0.02% CL group>0.03% CL group>0.01% BS group>0.03% BS group>0.01% CL group>0.02% BS group>CK group. In conclusion, both CL and BS can improve the conventional nutrient contents and fermentation quality of corn straw silage at a certain extent, and the optimum doses of CL and BS are 0.02% and 0.01%, respectively. Among all additive groups, 0.02% CL group has the best silage effect.

Key words： corn stalk; fermentation quality; silage additives; principal component analysis; membership function evaluation

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