综述 REVIEW

植物单宁的微生物降解及其调控反刍动物瘤胃发酵的研究进展

  • 申家豪 ,
  • 郑娟善 ,
  • 梁泽毅 ,
  • 丁学智
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  • 1. 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所, 甘肃省牦牛繁育重点实验室, 兰州 730050;
    2. 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所, 农业农村部兽用药物创制重点实验室, 兰州 730050
申家豪(1998—),男,河南新乡人,硕士研究生,研究方向为反刍动物营养。E-mail:sjh18437913123@163.com

收稿日期: 2021-10-12

  网络出版日期: 2022-05-14

基金资助

“十三五”国家重点研发计划课题(2018YED0502303);国家自然基金委国际合作与交流项目(31461143020);中国农业科学院青年英才专项基金

Research Progress on Microbial Degradation of Plant Tannins and Their Regulation of Rumen Fermentation in Ruminants

  • SHEN Jiahao ,
  • ZHENG Juanshan ,
  • LIANG Zeyi ,
  • DING Xuezhi
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  • 1. Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China

Received date: 2021-10-12

  Online published: 2022-05-14

摘要

植物单宁是一类广泛存在于陆生植物中的多酚类聚合物。由于化学结构复杂及其对微生物的广谱拮抗作用,使得植物单宁的微生物降解有一定的困难。然而,依赖于肠道单宁降解菌及单宁降解酶,反刍动物可通过胃肠道微生物相互作用实现对植物单宁的降解,从而减少瘤胃中蛋白质降解、防止瘤胃鼓胀、抑制甲烷生成、增加动物体重、改善产奶量和繁殖性能等。因此,近年来,植物单宁对反刍动物瘤胃发酵的调控受到越来越多的关注。但是,由于结构、种类、添加剂量以及试验动物种类和饲养方式的不同,使得植物单宁调控瘤胃发酵的效应也有所差异。为此,本文在综述微生物降解植物单宁的机制与单宁降解酶的基础上,重点探讨了植物单宁对反刍动物瘤胃发酵的影响,以期为植物单宁作为潜在的绿色添加剂在调控瘤胃发酵及改善反刍动物机体健康等方面提供理论依据。

本文引用格式

申家豪 , 郑娟善 , 梁泽毅 , 丁学智 . 植物单宁的微生物降解及其调控反刍动物瘤胃发酵的研究进展[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(5) : 2798 -2811 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.05.009

Abstract

Plant tannins are a kind of polyphenols which exist widely in terrestrial plants. Due to the complex chemical structure and its antagonistic effect on microorganisms, it is difficult to degrade plant tannins by microorganisms. However, depending on intestinal tannin-degrading bacteria and tannin-degrading enzymes, ruminants can degrade plant tannins through gastrointestinal microbial interactions, thereby reducing rumen protein degradation, preventing rumen swelling, inhibiting methanogenesis, increasing animal body weight, improving milk yield and reproductive performance. Therefore, more and more attention has been paid to the regulation of plant tannins on rumen fermentation in ruminants in recent years. However, the effects of plant tannins on rumen fermentation were also different due to the different tannins structure, species, dosage, species and feeding mode of experimental animals. Therefore, based on the review of the mechanism of microbial degradation of plant tannins and tannin-degrading enzymes, the effects of plant tannins on rumen fermentation of ruminants were mainly discussed in this paper, in order to provide theoretical basis for plant tannins as potential green additives in regulating rumen fermentation and improving the body health of ruminants.

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