研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

不可溶性纤维对幼龄肉鸡生长性能以及肝脏脂质代谢的影响

  • 丁冉冉 ,
  • 徐彬 ,
  • 孙全友 ,
  • 席燕燕 ,
  • 金瑶瑶 ,
  • 王琳燚 ,
  • 付趁 ,
  • 王丁 ,
  • 马慧慧 ,
  • 王改利 ,
  • 李绍钰
展开
  • 1. 河南农业大学动物科技学院, 郑州 450002;
    2. 河南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 郑州 450002
丁冉冉(1989—),女,河南信阳人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学。E-mail:565011331@qq.com

收稿日期: 2021-09-18

  网络出版日期: 2022-05-14

基金资助

财政部和农业农村部—国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-41)

Effects of Insoluble Fiber on Growth Performance and Liver Lipid Metabolism of Young Broilers

  • DING Ranran ,
  • XU Bin ,
  • SUN Quanyou ,
  • XI Yanyan ,
  • JIN Yaoyao ,
  • WANG Linyi ,
  • FU Chen ,
  • WANG Ding ,
  • MA Huihui ,
  • WANG Gaili ,
  • LI Shaoyu
Expand
  • 1. Collage of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China;
    2. Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhengzhou 450002, China

Received date: 2021-09-18

  Online published: 2022-05-14

摘要

本试验旨在研究不可溶性纤维对幼龄肉鸡生长性能以及肝脏脂质代谢的影响。选取1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡360只,随机分为3个组,每组6个重复,每个重复20只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮;试验Ⅰ组在基础饲粮中添加8 kg/t的不可溶性纤维,并适当调整其他原料用量使其营养水平与对照组基础饲粮保持一致;试验Ⅱ组在基础饲粮的基础上额外添加8 kg/t的不可溶性纤维。试验期14 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组肉鸡1~14日龄末重和平均日增重均显著降低(P<0.05),同时料重比均显著提高(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ组肉鸡平均日采食量显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组肉鸡14日龄血清和肝脏总胆固醇和甘油三酯含量以及腹脂率均显著降低(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ组肉鸡肝脏相对重量显著降低(P<0.05),但与试验Ⅰ组相比无显著性差异(P>0.05)。3)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组肉鸡肝脏中硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶1(SCD1)、苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)和载脂蛋白A (ApoA)的mRNA相对表达量显著降低(P<0.05),肝脏中载脂蛋白B (ApoB)、脂肪甘油三酯脂酶(ATGL)和肉碱棕榈酰转移酶1(CPT1)的mRNA相对表达量均显著提高(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ组肉鸡肝脏中脂蛋白酯酶(LPL)和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ)的mRNA表达量均显著提高(P<0.05)。由此可知,幼龄肉鸡饲粮中添加不可溶性纤维对其生长性能有负面作用,但能通过调控肝脏脂质代谢相关基因的表达来减少幼龄肉鸡肝脏和机体脂肪的沉积。

本文引用格式

丁冉冉 , 徐彬 , 孙全友 , 席燕燕 , 金瑶瑶 , 王琳燚 , 付趁 , 王丁 , 马慧慧 , 王改利 , 李绍钰 . 不可溶性纤维对幼龄肉鸡生长性能以及肝脏脂质代谢的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(5) : 2918 -2927 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.05.021

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of insoluble fiber on growth performance and liver lipid metabolism of young broilers. A total of 360 Arbor Acres (AA) broilers of one-day-old were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 20 broilers per replicate. Broilers in the control group were fed a basal diet; those in trial group Ⅰ were fed the basal diet supplemented with 8 kg/t insoluble fiber, and the nutrient levels were the same as those of the basal diet in the control group by adjusting the other ingredient contents; and those in trial group Ⅱ were fed the basal diet extra supplemented with 8 kg/t insoluble fiber. The experiment lasted for 14 days. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group, the final weight and average daily gain of broilers from 1 to 14 days of age in trial groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the ratio of feed to gain was significantly increased (P<0.05); and the average daily feed intake of broilers in trial group Ⅱ was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the control group, the contents of total cholesterol and triglyceride in serum and liver and abdominal fat percentage of broilers at 14 days of age in trial groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were significantly decreased (P<0.05); the liver relative weight of broilers in trial group Ⅱ was significantly decreased (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference compared with trial group Ⅰ (P>0.05). 3) Compared with the control group, the mRNA relative expression levels of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and apolipoprotein A (ApoA) in liver of broilers in trial groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the mRNA relative expression levels of apolipoprotein B (ApoB), adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and carnitine palmityl transferase 1 (CPT1) in liver were significantly increased (P<0.05); the mRNA expression levels of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) in liver of broilers in trial group Ⅰ were significantly increased (P<0.05). It is concluded that dietary insoluble fiber has a negative effect on growth performance of young broilers, but it can reduce fat deposition in liver and body of young broilers by regulating the expression of genes related to liver lipid metabolism.

参考文献

[1] 叶金玲, 王一冰, 苟钟勇, 等.肉鸡体脂沉积营养调控的研究进展[J].动物营养学报, 2020, 32(3):1025-1033. YE J L, WANG Y B, GOU Z Y, et al.Recent advances in nutritional regulation of body fat deposition in broilers[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2020, 32(3):1025-1033.(in Chinese)
[2] 杨凌云, 蔡辉益, 闫海洁, 等.AA肉仔鸡脂肪沉积规律研究与腹脂沉积模型的建立[J].饲料工业, 2015, 36(13):25-29. YANG L Y, CAI H Y, YAN H J, et al.Abdominal fat deposition curve of male AA broilers[J].Feed Industry, 2015, 36(13):25-29.(in Chinese)
[3] HE S J, ZHAO S J, DAI S F, et al.Effects of dietary betaine on growth performance, fat deposition and serum lipids in broilers subjected to chronic heat stress[J].Animal Science Journal, 2015, 86(10):897-903.  
[4] 周桂莲.妊娠母猪纤维营养研究进展[J].猪业科学, 2014(9):80-81. ZHOU G L.Research progress in fiber nutrition of pregnant sows[J].Swine Industry Science, 2014(9):80-81.(in Chinese)
[5] LEESON S.Future considerations in poultry nutrition[J].Poultry Science, 2012, 91(6):1281-1285.  
[6] JIANG S Q, GOU Z Y, LI L, et al.Growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality of yellow-feathered broilers fed graded levels of alfalfa meal with or without wheat[J].Animal Science Journal, 2018, 89(3):561-569.  
[7] SADEGHI A, TOGHYANI M, GHEISARI A.Effect of various fiber types and choice feeding of fiber on performance, gut development, humoral immunity, and fiber preference in broiler chicks[J].Poultry Science, 2015, 94(11):2734-2743.  
[8] JIMÉNEZ-MORENO E, GONZÁLEZ-ALVARADO J M, GONZÁLEZ-SERRANO A, et al.Effect of dietary fiber and fat on performance and digestive traits of broilers from one to twenty-one days of age[J].Poultry Science, 2009, 88(12):2562-2574.  
[9] RÖHE I, METZGER F, VAHJEN W, et al.Effect of feeding different levels of lignocellulose on performance, nutrient digestibility, excreta dry matter, and intestinal microbiota in slow growing broilers[J].Poultry Science, 2020, 99(10):5018-5026.  
[10] MAKIVIC L, GLISIC M, BOSKOVIC M, et al.Performances, ileal and cecal microbial populations and histological characteristics in broilers fed diets supplemented with lignocellulose[J].Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2019, 25(1):83-91.
[11] 熊罗英, 蔡仁贤, 刘艳芬.发酵构树叶对肉仔鸡生长及代谢性能的影响[J].饲料研究, 2012(5):51-54. XIONG L Y, CAI R X, LIU Y F.Effects of fermented Broussonetia papyrifera on growth and metabolic performance of broilers[J].Feed Research, 2012(5):51-54.(in Chinese)
[12] 谈婷.饲粮中添加木质纤维素对肉鸭生长和屠宰性能以及免疫和抗氧化能力的影响[D]. 硕士学位论文.扬州:扬州大学, 2021. TAN T.Effects of dietary lignocellulose on growth and slaughter performances and immune and antioxidative capacities of meat ducks[D].Master's Thesis.Yangzhou:Yangzhou University, 2021.(in Chinese)
[13] 李刚, 雷福红, 欧阳吾乐, 等.苜蓿纤维对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和器官指数的影响[J].饲料研究, 2021, 44(12):41-45. LI G, LEI F H, OUYANG W L, et al.Effect of alfalfa dietary fiber on growth performance, slaughter performance and organ indices of broilers[J].Feed Research, 2021, 44(12):41-45.(in Chinese)
[14] KHERAVII S K, SWICK R A, CHOCT M, et al.Effect of oat hulls as a free choice feeding on broiler performance, short chain fatty acids and microflora under a mild necrotic enteritis challenge[J].Animal Nutrition, 2018, 4(1):65-72.  
[15] SARIKHAN M, SHAHRYAR H A, GHOLIZADEH B, et al.Effects of insoluble fiber on growth performance, carcass traits and ileum morphological parameters on broiler chick males[J].International Journal of Agriculture & Biology, 2010, 12(4):531-536.
[16] MOHITI-ASLI M, SHIVAZAD M, ZAGHARI M, et al.Dietary fibers and crude protein content alleviate hepatic fat deposition and obesity in broiler breeder hens[J].Poultry Science, 2012, 91(12):3107-3114.  
[17] OKRATHOK S, KHEMPAKA S.Modified-dietary fiber from cassava pulp reduces abdominal fat and meat cholesterol contents without affecting growth performance of broiler chickens[J].Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 2020, 29(1):229-239.  
[18] 韩浩月.日粮纤维对肉鸭生产性能、胃肠道生理及肝脏脂肪代谢的影响[D].硕士学位论文.成都:四川农业大学, 2016. HAN H Y.Effect of dietary fiber on growth performance, gastrointestinal physiology and hepatic lipid metabolism in meat duck[D].Master's Thesis.Chengdu:Sichuan Agricultural University, 2016.(in Chinese)
[19] 王赛男, 于寒松, 谷春梅, 等.大豆不溶性膳食纤维对高脂饮食诱导小鼠肥胖的预防作用[J].食品工业科技, 2020, 41(23):295-301, 314. WANG S N, YU H S, GU C M, et al.Preventive effect of soybean insoluble dietary fiber on high fat diet induced obesity in mice[J].Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2020, 41(23):295-301, 314.(in Chinese)
[20] 李彦品.饲粮粗纤维水平对仔鹅生产性能、养分利用率及盲肠微生物区系的影响[D]. 硕士学位论文.扬州:扬州大学, 2017. LI Y P.Effects of dietary fiber levels on production performance, nutrient utilization and cecal microflora in geese[D].Master's Thesis.Yangzhou:Yangzhou University, 2017.(in Chinese)
[21] 刘振春.填饲对鹅肥肝脂肪酸合成酶的表达及脂肪沉积规律的研究[D].博士学位论文.长春:吉林农业大学, 2011. LIU Z C.Research on effects of fore-feeding on FAS expression and law of fat deposition in goose fatty liver[D].Ph.D.Thesis.Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University, 2011.(in Chinese)
[22] ROSEBROUGH R W, POCH S M, RUSSELL B A, et al.Dietary protein regulates in vitro lipogenesis and lipogenic gene expression in broilers[J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A:Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 2002, 132(2):423-431.  
[23] KINNUNEN P K J, VIRTANEN J A, VAINIO P.Lipoprotein lipase and hepatic endothelial lipase:their roles in plasma lipoprotein metabolism[J].Atherosclerosis Reviews, 1983, 11:65-105.
[24] 宋新磊, 王静, 崔焕先, 等.PPARγ对脂类代谢和脂肪细胞分化的调控[J].云南农业大学学报, 2008, 23(6):851-855, 872. SONG X L, WANG J, CUI H X, et al.Regulation of PPARγ on lipid metabolism and adipocyte differentiation[J].Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University, 2008, 23(6):851-855, 872.(in Chinese)
[25] 刘蒙, 宋代军, 齐珂珂, 等.日粮代谢能水平对北京油鸡脂肪沉积和LPL基因表达的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医, 2009, 36(5):9-13. LIU M, SONG D J, QI K K, et al.The effect of dietary metabolism energy levels on adipose deposition and LPL gene expression of Beijing-You chicken[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2009, 36(5):9-13.(in Chinese)
[26] ZIMMERMANN R, STRAUSS J G, HAEMMERLE G, et al.Fat mobilization in adipose tissue is promoted by adipose triglyceride lipase[J].Science, 2004, 306(5700):1383-1386.  
[27] 张月, 靳烨, 郭月英, 等.肉碱棕榈酰转移酶1的生物学功能及其对肉品质影响的研究进展[J].动物营养学报, 2021, 33(8):4315-4322. ZHANG Y, JIN Y, GUO Y Y, et al.Research progress on biological function of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 and its influence on meat quality[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2021, 33(8):4315-4322.(in Chinese)
[28] 吴媛媛, 王宇祥, 李辉.鸡肝脏内脂肪代谢相关因子的研究进展[J].畜牧与兽医, 2013, 45(1):91-95. WU Y Y, WANG Y X, LI H.Research progress on factors related to fat metabolism in chicken liver[J].Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2013, 45(1):91-95.(in Chinese)
[29] SILVER D L, JIANG X C, ARAI T, et al.Receptors and lipid transfer proteins in HDL metabolism[J].Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2000, 902(1):103-112.
[30] HERMANN M, FOISNER R, SCHNEIDER W J, et al.Regulation by estrogen of synthesis and secretion of apolipoprotein A-I in the chicken hepatoma cell line, LMH-2A[J].Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 2003, 1641(1):25-33.  
文章导航

/