研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

噬菌体复合制剂对肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能、肠道形态及肠道菌群的影响

  • 朱树娇 ,
  • 张辉 ,
  • 周艳 ,
  • 董俊 ,
  • 德艳艳 ,
  • 张永柱 ,
  • 仲召鑫 ,
  • 王冉 ,
  • 包红朵
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  • 1. 江苏省食品质量安全重点实验室-省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地, 江苏省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所, 农业部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室(南京), 南京 210014;
    2. 宜兴天石饲料有限公司, 宜兴 214200;
    3. 江苏恒丰强生物技术有限公司, 南通 226100;
    4. 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所, 盐城 224002
朱树娇(1993—),女,安徽滁州人,硕士研究生,从事畜禽产品安全和噬菌体防控研究。E-mail:13815873152@163.com

收稿日期: 2021-09-28

  网络出版日期: 2022-05-14

基金资助

国家重点研发计划项目(2018YEE0101900);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金[cx(20)3012]

Effects of Phage Cocktail Preparation on Growth Performance, Immune Function, Intestinal Morphology and Gut Microbiota of Broilers

  • ZHU Shujiao ,
  • ZHANG Hui ,
  • ZHOU Yan ,
  • DONG Jun ,
  • DE Yanyan ,
  • ZHANG Yongzhu ,
  • ZHONG Zhaoxin ,
  • WANG Ran ,
  • BAO Hongduo
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  • 1. Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Product Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Nanjing 210014, China;
    2. Yixing Tianshi Feed Co., Ltd., Yixing 214200, China;
    3. Jiangsu Hengfengqiang Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Nantong 226100, China;
    4. Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Coastal Area, Yancheng 224002, China

Received date: 2021-09-28

  Online published: 2022-05-14

摘要

本试验旨在研究噬菌体复合制剂对肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能、肠道形态及肠道菌群的影响。选取14 000只体重(850±45) g的37日龄青脚麻鸡,随机分为2组,分别是对照组(基础饲粮)和试验组(基础饲粮+109 PFU/mL的噬菌体复合制剂),每组7个重复,每个重复1 000只,试验期27 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,试验组的料重比下降2.81%(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,43日龄时,试验组肉鸡胸腺指数和脾脏指数分别增加16.80%(P<0.05)和7.14%(P>0.05);52日龄时,肉鸡法氏囊指数和胸腺指数分别增加8.55%(P>0.05)和7.37%(P>0.05);61日龄时,肉鸡法氏囊指数增加39.66%(P>0.05);43、52及61日龄时,试验组肉鸡血清免疫球蛋白G (IgG)含量分别增加15.85%(P>0.05)、29.54%(P>0.05)和1.45%(P>0.05)。3)与对照组相比,43、52及61日龄时,试验组肉鸡十二指肠、空肠、回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著提高(P<0.05)。4)在门水平上,与对照组相比,43日龄时,试验组肉鸡盲肠食糜中厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)相对丰度增加28.13%(P>0.05),并且拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)相对丰度降低9.97%(P>0.05);52日龄时,肉鸡噬菌体盲肠食糜中变形菌门(Proteobacteria)相对丰度下降(P>0.05),并且螺旋菌门(Spirochaetes)相对丰度增加(P>0.05);61日龄时,肉鸡试验组盲肠食糜中Proteobacteria及Firmicutes相对丰度下降(P>0.05),而Bacteroidetes相对丰度增加(P>0.05)。5)在属水平上,与对照组相比,52日龄时,试验组可选择性的促进副拟杆菌属(Parabacteroides)、脱硫弧菌属(Desulfovibrio)和巴内氏菌属(Barnesiella)的相对丰度(P>0.05),降低RFN20菌属(RFN20)相对丰度(P>0.05);61日龄时,试验组增加乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)的相对丰度(P>0.05),降低RFN20相对丰度(P>0.05)。综上所述,噬菌体复合制剂有利于提高肉鸡生长性能和免疫功能,促进肠道发育,改善肠道菌群,保障肉鸡肠道健康。因此,噬菌体复合制剂在肉鸡养殖业中具有潜在的应用价值。

本文引用格式

朱树娇 , 张辉 , 周艳 , 董俊 , 德艳艳 , 张永柱 , 仲召鑫 , 王冉 , 包红朵 . 噬菌体复合制剂对肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能、肠道形态及肠道菌群的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(5) : 2928 -2939 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.05.022

Abstract

The experiment was conducted to explore the effects of phage cocktail preparation on growth performance, immunity function, intestinal morphology, gut microbiota of broilers. A total of 1 400 thirty-seven-day-old Qingjiao Ma broilers with body weight (850±45) g were randomly divided into 2 groups with 7 replicates per group and 1 000 broiler per replicate:the control group (basic diet) and the experimental group (basic diet+109 PFU/mL phage cocktail preparation). The experiment lasted for 27 days. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group, the feed to gain ratio of the experimental group decreased by 2.81% (P>0.05). 2) Compared with the control group, at 43 days of age, the thymus and spleen indexes in the experimental group increased by 16.80% (P<0.05) and 7.14% (P>0.05), respectively; at 52 days of age, the bursa of Fabricius index and thymus indexe in the experimental group increased by 8.55% (P>0.05) and 7.37% (P>0.05), respectively; at 61 days of age, the broiler's bursa of Fabricius index increased by 39.66% (P>0.05); at 43, 52 and 61 days of age, the experimental group increased the secretory immunoglobulin G (IgG) content in serum of broilers by 15.85% (P>0.05), 29.54% (P>0.05) and 1.45% (P>0.05), respectively. 3) Compared with the control group, at 43, 52 and 61 days of age, the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in duodenum, jejunum and ileum of broilers in the experimental group significantly increased (P<0.05). 4) Effects of phage cocktail preparation on the composition and relative abundance of broiler intestinal flora, at the phylum level, compared with the control group, the number of Firmicutes in cecal chyme of 43 days of age broilers in the experimental group increased by 28.13% (P>0.05), and the number of Bacteroidetes decreased by 9.97% (P>0.05); the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in cecal chyme of 52 days of age broilers decreased in the experimental group (P>0.05), and the relative abundance of Spirochaetes increased in the experimental group (P>0.05). The relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes in cecal chyme of 61 days of age broilers decreased in the experimental group (P>0.05), while the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes increased (P>0.05). 5) At the genus level, compared with the control group, the experimental group could selectively promote the relative abundance of Parabacteroides, Desulfovibrio and Barnesiella (P>0.05) and reduce the relative abundance of RFN20 (P>0.05); at 61 days of age, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus increased (P>0.05) and RFN20 decreased (P>0.05). In conclusion, phage cocktail preparation is conducive to the improvement of growth performance and immunity of broilers, and can improve intestinal development. In addition, it can strength gut microbiota and promote intestinal health of broilers. Therefore, phage cocktail has potential value in broiler industry.

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