动物营养学报 >

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 5: 3012 - 3022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.05.030

研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

牛至精油对荷斯坦奶公牛生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响

  • 范凯利 ,
  • 李泽民 ,
  • 孙建祥 ,
  • 张晓 ,
  • 程强 ,
  • 张照 ,
  • 张瑞 ,
  • 贾莉 ,
  • 史金平 ,
  • 王瑛 ,
  • 马越 ,
  • 雷赵民
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  • 1. 甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院, 兰州 730070;
    2. 甘肃旭康食品有限责任公司, 平凉 744300;
    3. 甘肃华瑞农业股份有限公司, 张掖 734000
范凯利(1996—),男,甘肃通渭人,硕士研究生,研究方向为畜牧专业。E-mail:1727059820@qq.com

收稿日期: 2021-11-07

  网络出版日期: 2022-05-14

基金资助

甘肃省高校产业支撑项目（2020C-08）；甘肃省教育厅"双一流"科研重点项目（GSSYLXM-02）；甘肃肉牛品质育肥专项（GSA-XMLZ-2021-01）；甘肃省现代丝路寒旱农业专项（GSSLCSX-2020-1）；甘肃省科技厅项目（17ZD2NC020）；甘肃现代农业（草食畜）产业技术体系项目（GARS-CS-1）

收起

Effects of Dietary Oregano Essential Oil on Growth Performance, Slaughter Performance and Meat Quality of Holstein Dairy Bulls

  • FAN Kaili ,
  • LI Zemin ,
  • SUN Jianxiang ,
  • ZHANG Xiao ,
  • CHENG Qiang ,
  • ZHANG Zhao ,
  • ZHANG Rui ,
  • JIA Li ,
  • SHI Jinping ,
  • WANG Ying ,
  • MA Yue ,
  • LEI Zhaomin
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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
    2. Gansu Xukang Foodstuff Co., Ltd., Pingliang 744300, China;
    3. Gansu Huarui Agriculture Co., Ltd., Zhangye 734000, China

Received date: 2021-11-07

  Online published: 2022-05-14

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摘要

本试验旨在研究牛至精油对荷斯坦奶公牛生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响。选取18头10月龄左右、健康状况良好、体重[（345.19±3.89） kg]相近的健康荷斯坦奶公牛，随机分为2组，每组3个重复，每个重复3头。CON组饲喂基础饲粮，EO组在基础饲粮中添加牛至精油20 g/（头·d）。试验期共300 d，其中预试期为30 d，正试期270 d，每30 d为1个阶段。饲喂结束后所有牛只进行屠宰性能和肉品质的测定。结果显示：1） EO组终末体重（FBW）、平均日增重（ADG）显著高于CON组（P<0.05），较CON组分别提高了15.5%、20.5%。EO组料重比（F/G）显著低于CON组（P<0.05），较CON组降低了17.3%。2） EO组宰前活重、肉重、骨重、高档肉重、优质肉重、胴体重、72 h冷胴体重、胴体后腿宽、胴体后腿长及皮下脂肪覆盖度显著高于CON组（P<0.05），较CON组分别提高了14.7%、15.7%、16.5%、14.5%、11.3%、15.7%、16.0%、10.1%、2.7%及7.5%。3） EO组肌肉红度（a*）值、熟肉率、粗脂肪与粗蛋白质含量显著高于CON组（P<0.05），失水率则显著低于CON组（P<0.05）。4）在整个育肥期，EO组每头牛比CON组多盈利1 833.65元。综上所述，牛至精油可提高荷斯坦奶公牛的生长性能、屠宰性能、胴体性状，改善肉品质，增加经济效益。

关键词： 牛至精油; 荷斯坦奶公牛; 生长性能; 屠宰性能; 肉品质; 经济效益

本文引用格式

范凯利 , 李泽民 , 孙建祥 , 张晓 , 程强 , 张照 , 张瑞 , 贾莉 , 史金平 , 王瑛 , 马越 , 雷赵民 . 牛至精油对荷斯坦奶公牛生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(5) : 3012 -3022 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.05.030

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to assess the effects of oregano essential oil on growth performance, slaughter performance and meat quality of Holstein dairy bulls. Eighteen healthy Holstein dairy bulls approximately ten-month-old having an initial body weight of (345.19±3.89) kg, were randomly assigned to 2 groups with 3 replicates per group and 3 bulls per replicate. The bulls in CON group were fed a basal diet, and those in EO group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 20 g/(d·head) oregano essential oil. The trial lasted 300 d (30 d for pre-trial period, 270 d for trial period, each 30 d was a stage). After feeding, all bulls were slaughtered and measured slaughter performance and meat quality. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the CON group, the final body weight and average daily gain in the EO group were significantly increased (P<0.05), and increased by 15.5% and 20.5%, respectively; while the feed/gain was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and decreased by 17.3%. 2) Compared with the CON group, the slaughter weight, meat weight, bone weight, high-grade meat weight, high-quality meat weight, carcass weight, 72 h cold carcass weight, carcass hind leg width, carcass hind leg length and subcutaneous fat coverage were significantly increased in the EO group (P<0.05), which increased by 14.7%, 15.7%, 16.5%, 14.5%, 11.3%, 15.7%, 16.0%, 10.1%, 2.7% and 7.5%, respectively. 3) Compared with the CON group, the muscle redness value, cooked meat rate, crude fat and crude protein contents in the EO group were significantly increased (P<0.05), while the water loss rate was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 4) During the whole fattening period, the profit per bull in EO group was increased by 1 833.65 RMB compared with the CON group. In summary, oregano essential oil can increase the growth performance, slaughter performance and carcass traits economic benefits, and improve the meat quality of Holstein dairy bulls.

Key words： oregano essential oil; Holstein dairy bulls; growth performance; slaughter performance; meat quality; economic benefits

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