研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

麻叶荨麻与尖头叶藜混合干草替代天然牧草干草对蒙古公牛生长性能、体尺指标和养分表观消化率的影响

  • 刘乌云 ,
  • 萨如拉 ,
  • 齐澈力木格 ,
  • 杨景峰 ,
  • 董武 ,
  • DARDINSUREN Gurbazar ,
  • 牛化欣
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  • 1. 内蒙古民族大学, 动物科技学院, 通辽 028000;
    2. 蒙古国国立生命科学大学, 动物科学与生物技术学院, 乌兰巴托 17024;
    3. 内蒙古民族大学, 内蒙古毒物监测及毒理学重点实验室, 通辽 028000
刘乌云(1993—),女,内蒙古通辽人,博士研究生,从事草食动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:18748453950@163.com

收稿日期: 2021-11-02

  网络出版日期: 2022-05-14

基金资助

内蒙古自治区科技计划关键技术攻关项目(2020GG0108,2021GG0035);内蒙古自治区高等学校青年科技英才支持计划资助(NJYT202254)

Effects of Replacing Natural Grass Hay with Mixed Hay of Urtica cannabina L. and Chenopodium acuminata on Growth Performance, Body Size Indexes and Nutrient Apparent Digestibility of Mongolian Bulls

  • LIU Wuyun ,
  • Sarula ,
  • QI Chelimuge ,
  • YANG Jingfeng ,
  • DONG Wu ,
  • DARDINSUREN Gurbazar ,
  • NIU Huaxin
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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China;
    2. Mongolian University of Life Science, School of Animal Science & Biotechnology, Ulaanbaatar 17024;
    3. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China

Received date: 2021-11-02

  Online published: 2022-05-14

摘要

本试验旨在探索麻叶荨麻与尖头叶藜混合干草替代天然牧草干草对蒙古公牛生长性能、体尺指标和养分表观消化率的影响。选取体重[(197±10) kg]相近的健康蒙古公牛30头,随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复2头,分别饲喂以天然牧草干草、混合干草A (麻叶荨麻干草与尖头叶藜干草以3:10混合)和混合干草B (麻叶荨麻干草与尖头叶藜干草以1:1混合)为粗料的全混合日粮(TMR)。预试期10 d,正试期30 d。结果表明:1)混合干草A组和混合干草B组的末重和平均日增重显著高于天然牧草干草组(P<0.05),且平均日增重分别比天然牧草干草组提高了24.53%和20.75%;混合干草A组和混合干草B组的料重比均低于天然牧草干草组(P>0.05),且混合干草A组和混合干草B组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)试验开始时,蒙古公牛各项体尺指标3组间均没有显著差异(P>0.05);试验结束时,混合干草B组蒙古公牛的体斜长和髋骨宽显著高于天然牧草干草组和混合干草A组(P<0.05),其他体尺各组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)混合干草A组和混合干草B组的粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维、钙和磷表观消化率显著高于天然牧草干草组(P<0.05)。综上可知,在本试验条件下,麻叶荨麻干草与尖头叶藜干草以3:10或1:1混合后替代TMR中的天然牧草干草可提高蒙古公牛的养分表观消化率和生长性能,改善其骨骼和肌肉的生长发育。

本文引用格式

刘乌云 , 萨如拉 , 齐澈力木格 , 杨景峰 , 董武 , DARDINSUREN Gurbazar , 牛化欣 . 麻叶荨麻与尖头叶藜混合干草替代天然牧草干草对蒙古公牛生长性能、体尺指标和养分表观消化率的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(5) : 3023 -3031 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.05.031

Abstract

The purpose of this experiment was to explore the effects of replacing natural grass hay with mixed hay of Urtica cannabina L. and Chenopodium acuminata on growth performance, body size indexes and nutrient apparent digestibility of Mongolian bulls. Thirty healthy Mongolian bulls with similar body weight of (197±10) kg were randomly divided into 3 groups with 5 replicates per group and 2 bulls per replicate. Bulls in the 3 groups were fed three total mixed rations with different forage sources——natural grass hay, mixed hay A (Urtica cannabina L.:Chenopodium acuminata=3:10) and mixed hay B (Urtica cannabina L.:Chenopodium acuminata=1:1). The experiment included a 10-day pre-test period and a 30-day trial period. The results showed as follows:1) the final body weight and average daily gain of Mongolian bulls in mixed hay A group and mixed hay B group were significantly higher than those in natural grass hay group (P<0.05), and the average daily gain was increased by 24.53% and 20.75% compared with natural grass hay group, respectively. The feed/gain of Mongolian bulls in mixed hay A group and mixed hay B group was lower than that in natural grass hay group (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between mixed hay A group and mixed hay B group (P>0.05). At the beginning of the experiment, the body size indexes of Mongolian bulls had no significant difference among 3 groups (P>0.05); at the end of the experiment, the body oblique length and hip bone width of Mongolian bulls in mixed hay B group were significantly higher than those in natural grass hay group and mixed hay A group (P<0.05); there were no significant differences in other body size indexes of Mongolian bulls among groups (P>0.05). 3) The apparent digestibility of crude protein, crude fat, neutral detergent fiber, calcium and phosphorus in mixed hay A group and mixed hay B group was significantly higher than that in natural grass hay group (P<0.05). In summary, under the conditions of this experiment, replacing the natural grass hay with mixed hay of Urtica cannabina and Chenopodium acuminata (3:10 or 1:1) in the total mixed ration can improve the nutrient apparent digestibility and growth performance of Mongolian bulls, and improve the growth and development of bone and muscle.

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