动物营养学报 >

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 6: 3799 - 3813

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.06.040

研究论文 RESEARCHPAPER

羔羊断奶应激期饲喂方式对其生长性能和血清生化指标的影响

  • 史晨迪 ,
  • 赵晓雅 ,
  • 田沛知 ,
  • 陈佳欣 ,
  • 段春辉 ,
  • 张英杰 ,
  • 刘月琴 ,
  • 纪守坤 ,
  • 严慧
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  • 河北农业大学动物科技学院, 保定 071000
史晨迪(1996—),女,河北邢台人,硕士研究生,从事反刍动物营养的研究。E-mail:2311842002@qq.com

收稿日期: 2021-11-07

  网络出版日期: 2022-06-14

基金资助

国家肉羊产业技术体系（CARS-38）

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Effects of Feeding Methods on Growth Performance and Serum Biochemical Indices of Lambs during Weaning Stress Period

  • SHI Chendi ,
  • ZHAO Xiaoya ,
  • TIAN Peizhi ,
  • CHEN Jiaxin ,
  • DUAN Chunhui ,
  • ZHANG Yingjie ,
  • LIU Yueqin ,
  • JI Shoukun ,
  • YAN Hui
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  • College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China

Received date: 2021-11-07

  Online published: 2022-06-14

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摘要

本试验旨在研究羔羊断奶应激期内饲喂方式对其生长性能和血清生化指标的影响。选取50日龄健康、体况相近的湖羊羔羊48只（公母各占1/2），羔羊50~60日龄随母哺乳+补饲羔羊料，在59日龄（记为第0天）根据体重[（16.74±2.54） kg]、性别随机分为3组：试验1组（随母哺乳+补饲羔羊料）、试验2组[60日龄断奶，饲喂全混合日粮（TMR）粉料]、试验3组（60日龄断奶，饲喂50% TMR粉料+50%羔羊料），每组16只。所有羔羊在第0、3、9和15天于晨饲前颈静脉采集血液，测定血清生化指标。结果表明：1）在第0和15天，3组羔羊体重差异不显著（P>0.05）。在第0~15天，试验1和3组羔羊平均日增重（ADG）显著高于试验2组（P<0.05）。在第0~15天，试验1和2组羔羊干物质采食量（DMI）显著低于试验3组（P<0.05）。2）在第3天，不同饲喂方式显著影响了羔羊血清中皮质醇（COR）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、D-乳酸、内毒素（ET）含量及肌酸激酶（CK）、谷草转氨酶（AST）、二胺氧化酶（DAO）活性（P<0.05）。在第9天，不同饲喂方式显著影响了血清干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）、D-乳酸、ET、免疫球蛋白A （IgA）和免疫球蛋白M （IgM）含量及DAO活性（P<0.05）。在第15天，不同饲喂方式显著影响了乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、AST、DAO活性及TNF-α、IgA、免疫球蛋白G （IgG）和IgM含量（P<0.05）。3）试验1组，各时间点羔羊血清中COR、促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）、IL-1β、TNF-α、IFN-γ、D-乳酸、ET、IgA和IgG含量及DAO、LDH、CK、ALT、AST活性无显著差异（P>0.05），但血清ALP活性及IgM含量有显著变化（P<0.05）。在试验2组，各时间点间血清中LDH、CK、ALP和ALT活性无显著差异（P>0.05），但血清中COR、ACTH、IL-1β、TNF-α、IFN-γ、D-乳酸、ET、IgA、IgG和IgM含量及DAO、AST活性有显著变化（P<0.05）。在试验3组，各时间点间血清中ACTH、TNF-α、IFN-γ、IgG、IgM含量及LDH、CK、ALT、AST、DAO活性差异不显著（P>0.05），但血清中COR、IL-1β、D-乳酸、ET和IgA含量和ALP活性有显著变化（P>0.05）。综上所述，羔羊在断奶后1周内应激最大，断奶应激期内不同饲喂方式对羔羊影响较大；本试验条件下，羔羊断奶后饲喂50% TMR+50%羔羊料可以缓解断奶应激，更有利于羔羊生长发育。

关键词： 羔羊; 断奶; 饲粮; 时间; 生长性能; 血清生化指标

本文引用格式

史晨迪 , 赵晓雅 , 田沛知 , 陈佳欣 , 段春辉 , 张英杰 , 刘月琴 , 纪守坤 , 严慧 . 羔羊断奶应激期饲喂方式对其生长性能和血清生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(6) : 3799 -3813 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.06.040

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different feeding methods on growth performance and serum biochemical indices of lambs during weaning stress period. Forty-eight, healthy Hu lambs (24 male and 24 female) with similar body condition were selected. Between 50 and 60 days of age, lambs were breast feeding with a starter supplemented. Lambs were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n=16) according to body weight (16.74±2.54) kg and gender at 59 days of age (Day 0) including test group 1 in which lambs were breast feeding with a starter supplemented, test group 2 in which lambs were weaning at 60 days of age and fed the total mixed ration (TMR), and test group 3 in which lambs were weaning at 60 days of age and fed the 50% TMR and 50% lamb diet. Blood was collected on days 0, 3, 9 and 15 to measure serum biochemical indexes. The results showed as follows:1) there was no significant difference in body weight (BW) among the three groups on day 0 and day 15 (P>0.05). During the days 0 to 15, average daily gain (ADG) of lambs in test groups 1 and 3 was significantly higher than that in test group 2 (P<0.05). During the days 0 to 15, the dry matter intake (DMI) of lambs in test groups 1 and 2 was significantly lower than that in test group 3 (P<0.05). 2) On day 3, different feeding methods significantly affected the contents of cortisol (COR), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), D-lactic acid, endotoxin (ET) and activities of creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and diamine oxidase (DAO) in serum of lambs (P<0.05). On day 9, different feeding methods significantly affected the contents of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), D-lactic acid, ET, immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) and DAO activity in serum (P<0.05). On day 15, different feeding methods significantly affected the activies of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), AST, DAO and the contents of TNF-α, IgA, immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM in serum (P<0.05). 3) In test group 1, there was no significant difference in the contents of COR, ACTH, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, D-lactic acid, ET, IgA and IgG and the activities of DAO, LDH, CK, ALT, AST in serum of lambs at different time (P>0.05), but the ALP activity and IgM content in serum were significantly changed (P<0.05). In test group 2, there was no significant difference in the activities of LDH, CK, ALP and ALT in serum at different time (P>0.05), but the contents of COR, ACTH, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, D-lactic acid, ET, IgA, IgG, IgM and the activities of DAO, AST in serum were significantly changed (P<0.05). In test group 3, there was no significant difference in the contents of ACTH, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IgG and IgM and the activities of LDH, CK, ALT, AST in serum at different time (P>0.05), but the contents of COR, IL-1β, D-lactic acid, ET and IgA and ALP activity in serum were significantly changed (P<0.05). In conclusion, the results indicate that lambs are suffer most within 1 week after weaning and different feeding methods has a great impact on lambs during the weaning stress period. In this study, lambs fed 50% TMR and 50% lamb diet after weaning can alleviate weaning stress and promote lamb growth.

Key words： lamb; weaning; diet; time; growth performance; serum biochemical indices

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