动物营养学报 >

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 6: 3918 - 3929

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.06.051

研究论文 RESEARCHPAPER

饲粮中添加精氨酸对意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫生理机能的影响

  • 孙桂云 ,
  • 胡希怡 ,
  • 于静 ,
  • 王红芳 ,
  • 刘振国 ,
  • 胥保华
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  • 山东农业大学动物科技学院, 泰安 271000
孙桂云(1996—),女,山东安丘人,硕士研究生,从事动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:3350634378@qq.com

收稿日期: 2021-11-04

  网络出版日期: 2022-06-14

基金资助

泰山产业领军人才高效生态农业创新类项目（LJNY202003）；财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-44）

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Effects of Dietary Arginine on Physiological Function of Apis mellifera ligustica Worker Bee Larvae

  • SUN Guiyun ,
  • HU Xiyi ,
  • YU Jing ,
  • WANG Hongfang ,
  • LIU Zhenguo ,
  • XU Baohua
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  • College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China

Received date: 2021-11-04

  Online published: 2022-06-14

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平精氨酸对意大利蜜蜂（Apis mellifera ligustica）工蜂幼虫化蛹率、羽化率、抗氧化能力、免疫力和中肠形态的影响。选取意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫1 200只，随机分成5组，每组5个重复，每个重复48只。5组工蜂幼虫分别饲喂精氨酸添加水平为0（对照组）、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%的试验饲粮，在室内饲养幼虫直至成虫羽化出房，观察幼虫的化蛹率和羽化率；测4、6日龄工蜂幼虫抗氧化、免疫等指标；测6日龄工蜂幼虫中肠形态、血淋巴生化指标。结果显示：1）与对照组相比，饲粮中添加0.6%和0.8%精氨酸显著降低了工蜂幼虫的化蛹率和羽化率（P<0.05）。2）与对照组相比，饲粮中添加0.2%~0.8%精氨酸显著提高了工蜂幼虫血淋巴中尿素含量（P<0.05），添加0.2%精氨酸显著提高了工蜂幼虫血淋巴中白蛋白含量（P<0.05）。3）与对照组相比，饲粮中添加0.2%精氨酸显著提高了4日龄工蜂幼虫鸟氨酸脱羧酶的活性（P<0.05），添加0.6%精氨酸显著提高了6日龄工蜂幼虫精氨酸酶的活性（P<0.05），添加0.2%、0.4%和0.8%精氨酸显著提高了6日龄工蜂幼虫鸟氨酸脱羧酶基因的相对表达量（P<0.05）。4）与对照组相比，饲粮中添加0.4%精氨酸显著提高了4、6日龄工蜂幼虫的过氧化氢酶活性和过氧化氢酶基因相对表达量（P<0.05），添加0.8%精氨酸显著提高了4、6日龄工蜂幼虫的总抗氧化能力（P<0.05）。5）与对照组相比，饲粮中添加0.2%精氨酸显著提高了4日龄工蜂幼虫的溶菌酶基因相对表达量和6日龄工蜂幼虫的溶菌酶活性（P<0.05）。6）精氨酸添加水平为0.8%时对6日龄工蜂幼虫的中肠重建有抑制作用。由此可知，饲粮中添加精氨酸对意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫化蛹率和羽化率、抗氧化能力以及免疫力均有一定的影响，适量添加可以提高意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫的抗氧化能力，而高剂量添加则会降低意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫的化蛹率和羽化率。

关键词： 意大利蜜蜂; 工蜂幼虫; 精氨酸; 抗氧化; 免疫

本文引用格式

孙桂云 , 胡希怡 , 于静 , 王红芳 , 刘振国 , 胥保华 . 饲粮中添加精氨酸对意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫生理机能的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(6) : 3918 -3929 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.06.051

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary arginine supplemental level on pupation rate, emergence rate, antioxidant capacity, immunity and midgut morphology of Apis mellifera ligustica worker bee larvae. A total of 1 200 Apis mellifera ligustica worker bee larvae were randomly divided into 5 groups with 5 replicates per group and 48 larvae per replicate. The larvae in the 5 groups were fed experimental diets supplemented with 0 (control group), 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6% and 0.8% arginine, respectively. The larvae were reared in lab condition until emergence, and the pupation rate and emergence rate of the larvae were measured. The antioxidant and immune indexes of 4- and 6-day-old worker bee larvae in each group were measured; midgut morphology and hemolymph biochemical indexes of 6-day-old worker bee larvae were measured. The results showed as follows:1) dietary supplemented with 0.6% and 0.8% arginine significantly decreased the pupation rate and emergence rate of worker bee larvae compared with the control group (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the control group, dietary supplemented with 0.2% to 0.8% arginine significantly increased the hemolymph urea content of worker bee larvae (P<0.05); meanwhile, dietary supplemented with 0.2% arginine supplementation significantly increased the hemolymph albumin content of worker bee larvae (P<0.05). 3) Compared with the control group, dietary supplemented with 0.2% arginine significantly increased ornithine decarboxylic enzyme activity of 4-day-old worker bee larvae (P<0.05); the arginase activity of 6-day-old worker bee larvae was significantly increased when supplemented with 0.6% arginine (P<0.05); when dietary supplemented with 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.8% arginine, the relative expression level of ornithine decarboxylase gene of 6-day-old worker bee larvae was significantly increased (P<0.05). 4) Compared with the control group, dietary supplemented with 0.4% arginine significantly increased the catalase activity and the relative expression level of catalase gene of 4- and 6-day-old worker bee larvae (P<0.05); dietary supplemented with 0.8% arginine significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity of 4- and 6-day-old worker bee larvae (P<0.05). 5) Compared with the control group, dietary supplemented with 0.2% arginine significantly increased the relative expression level of lysozyme gene of 4-day-old worker bee larvae and the lysozyme activity of 6-day-old worker bee larvae (P<0.05). 6) Supplementation of 0.8% arginine significantly inhibited midgut remodeling in 6-day-old worker bee larvae. Thus, it can be seen that dietary arginine supplementation has certain effects on the pupation rate and emergence rate, antioxidant capacity and immunity of Apis mellifera ligustica worker bee larvae. The antioxidant capacity of Apis mellifera ligustica worker bee larvae can be improved at the appropriate dosage of arginine, but the pupation rate and emergence rate of Apis mellifera ligustica worker bee larvae can be reduced at the high dosage of arginine.

Key words： Apis mellifera ligustica; worker bee larva; arginine; antioxidant; immune

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