动物营养学报 >

2022 , Vol. 34 >Issue 8: 4932 - 4943

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.08.019

研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

饲粮中添加后生元对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率、抗氧化能力及粪便微生物菌群的影响

  • 殷成港 ,
  • 高歌 ,
  • 商谭 ,
  • 李习龙 ,
  • 蒋显仁
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  • 1. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 农业部饲料生物技术重点实验室, 北京 100081;
    2. 赛多美(北京)农业科技有限公司, 北京 100027
殷成港(1997—),男,吉林白城人,硕士研究生,从事猪饲料与营养调控研究。E-mail:ycg.ycg@foxmail.com

收稿日期: 2022-01-29

  网络出版日期: 2022-08-11

基金资助

中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610382021012);国家重点研发计划"政府间国际科技创新合作"重点专项(2018YFE0111800)

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Effects of Dietary Postbiotics on Growth Performance, Diarrhea Incidence, Antioxidant Capacity and Fecal Microbiome of Weaned Piglets

  • YIN Chenggang ,
  • GAO Ge ,
  • SHANG Tan ,
  • LI Xilong ,
  • JIANG Xianren
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  • 1. Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
    2. Cytozyme (Beijing) Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100027, China

Received date: 2022-01-29

  Online published: 2022-08-11

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加后生元对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率、抗氧化能力及粪便微生物菌群的影响。选取75头23日龄"杜×长×大"三元杂交断奶阉公猪,初始体重为(6.18±0.21) kg,随机分为3个组,每组5个重复,每个重复5头猪。阴性对照组(NC组)饲喂不添加抗生素和氧化锌的基础饲粮,阳性对照组(PC组)饲喂基础饲粮+氧化锌(第1~14天添加2 kg/t,第15~42天不添加),后生元组(PB组)饲喂基础饲粮+后生元(第1~14天添加4 kg/t,第15~42天添加2 kg/t)。试验期42 d。结果表明:1) PC组的第28天体重显著低于NC组和PB组(P<0.05),第15~28天平均日增重(ADG)和平均日采食量(ADFI)极显著低于NC组和PB组(P<0.01)。PC组和PB组的第1~14天腹泻率极显著低于NC组(P<0.01)。2)第14天和第42天,PC组和PB组的血浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性极显著高于NC组(P<0.01),PB组的血浆丙二醛(MDA)含量显著或极显著低于NC组(P<0.05或P<0.01),PB组的血浆免疫球蛋白A (IgA)含量极显著高于NC组(P<0.01)。3) PC组和PB组的Shannon指数极显著高于NC组(P<0.01),PC组和PB组的Simpson指数显著低于NC组(P<0.05)。4) NC组和PB组的粪便乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)相对丰度极显著高于PC组(P＜0.01),PC组的粪便狭义梭菌属1(Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1)相对丰度极显著高于NC组和PC组(P＜0.01)。综上所述,饲粮中添加后生元能够降低保育前期断奶仔猪腹泻率,提高抗氧化能力和免疫功能,丰富粪便中微生物菌群多样性,维持有益菌的数量。

关键词： 后生元; 断奶仔猪; 抗氧化能力; 粪便微生物菌群

本文引用格式

殷成港 , 高歌 , 商谭 , 李习龙 , 蒋显仁 . 饲粮中添加后生元对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率、抗氧化能力及粪便微生物菌群的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(8) : 4932 -4943 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.08.019

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary postbiotics on growth performance, diarrhea incidence, antioxidant capacity and fecal microbiome of weaned piglets. Seventy-five 23-day-old "Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire" hybrid weaned castrated barrows with initial body weight of (6.18±0.21) kg were randomly divided into 3 groups with 5 replicates in each group and 5 piglets in each replicate. Piglets in the negative control group (NC group) were fed a basal diet without antibiotics and zinc oxide, piglets in the positive control group (PC group) were fed the basal diet+zinc oxide (supplemented with 2 kg/t during days 1 to 14 and no supplemented during days 15 to 42), piglets in the postbiotics group (PB group) were fed a basal diet+postbiotics (supplemented with 4 kg/t during days 1 to 14 and supplemented with 2 kg/t during days 15 to 42). The experiment period was 42 days. The results showed as follows: 1) the body weight on day 28 of PC group was significantly lower than that of NC group and PB group (P<0.05), and the average daily gain (ADG) and average daily food intake (ADFI) during days 15 to 28 were significantly lower than that of NC group and PB group (P<0.01). The diarrhea incidence during days 1 to 14 of PC group and PB group was significantly lower than that of NC group (P<0.01). 2) On days 14 and days 42, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in plasma of PC group and PB group were significantly higher than those of NC group (P<0.01), the plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) content of PB group was significantly lower than that of NC group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the plasma immunoglobulin A (IgA) content of PB group was significantly higher than that of NC group (P<0.01). 3) The Shannon index of PC group and PB group was significantly higher than that of NC group (P<0.01), and the Simpson index of PC group and PB group was significantly lower than that of NC group (P<0.05). 4) The fecal Lactobacillus relative abundance of NC group and PB group was significantly higher than that of PC group (P<0.01), the fecal Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 relative abundance of PC group was significantly higher than that of NC group and PB group (P<0.01). In conclusion, dietary postbiotics can reduce the diarrhea incidence of weaned piglets in early nursery stage, improve the antioxidant capacity and immune function, enrich fecal microbiome diversity, and maintain the number of beneficial bacteria.

Key words： postbiotics; weaned piglets; antioxidant capacity; fecal microbiome

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