研究论文 RESEARCH PAPER

花椒粉对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、血浆生化指标和盲肠菌群的影响

  • 郭衍新 ,
  • 汪德华 ,
  • 黄世猛 ,
  • 杨博文 ,
  • 李森 ,
  • 李澜 ,
  • 赵丽红 ,
  • 张建云 ,
  • 计成 ,
  • 马秋刚
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  • 1. 中国农业大学动物科学技术学院, 动物营养学国家重点实验室, 北京 100193;
    2. 河北农业大学动物科学技术学院, 保定 071000
郭衍新(1995—),男,湖北黄石人,硕士研究生,从事动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:gyx18911847192@outlook.com

收稿日期: 2021-12-19

  网络出版日期: 2022-08-11

基金资助

国家蛋鸡产业技术体系(CARS-40-K08)

Effects of Zanthoxylum Powder on Performance, Egg Quality, Plasma Biochemical Indices and Cecal Microflora of Laying Hens

  • GUO Yanxin ,
  • WANG Dehua ,
  • HUANG Shimeng ,
  • YANG Bowen ,
  • LI Sen ,
  • LI Lan ,
  • ZHAO Lihong ,
  • ZHANG Jianyun ,
  • JI Cheng ,
  • MA Qiugang
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  • 1. State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
    2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China

Received date: 2021-12-19

  Online published: 2022-08-11

摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮添加花椒粉对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、血浆生化指标和盲肠菌群的影响。采用单因素试验设计,选取50周龄"京粉1号"蛋鸡30只,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组15个重复,每个重复1只鸡。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,试验组饲喂在基础饲粮基础上添加0.5%花椒粉的饲粮。试验预试期1周,正试期8周。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,试验组蛋鸡料蛋比显著降低(P<0.05),蛋壳颜色有提高趋势(P=0.08),蛋壳强度有降低趋势(P=0.08)。2)与对照组相比,试验组蛋鸡血浆白蛋白含量显著提高(P<0.05),血浆白球比显著提高(P<0.05),血浆免疫球蛋白A和免疫球蛋白M含量有降低趋势(P=0.09)。3)与对照组相比,在门水平上,试验组蛋鸡盲肠菌群中厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)/拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)值升高,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)相对丰度降低;在属水平上,试验组蛋鸡盲肠菌群中未分类拟杆菌目(unclassified_o_Bacteroidales)和Romboutsia相对丰度升高,乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)相对丰度降低;与对照组富集的Hydrogenoanaerobacterium、密螺旋体属(Treponema)、未分类互营单胞菌科(unclassified_f_Syntrophomonadaceae)、Methylobacterium-MethylorubrumElusimicrobium和厌氧螺菌属(Anaerobiospirillum)这些致病菌相比,试验组富集了norank_f_Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group、norank_f_norank_o_Saccharimonadales、norank_f_Christensenellaceae、Family_ⅩⅢ_AD3011_group和Angelakisella这些有益菌群作为主要的差异优势菌群。由此可见,饲粮中添加0.5%花椒粉能够改善蛋鸡盲肠菌群组成的多样性和结构,增强机体利用蛋白质的能力和抗炎能力,提高蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质。

本文引用格式

郭衍新 , 汪德华 , 黄世猛 , 杨博文 , 李森 , 李澜 , 赵丽红 , 张建云 , 计成 , 马秋刚 . 花椒粉对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、血浆生化指标和盲肠菌群的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2022 , 34(8) : 4959 -4968 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2022.08.021

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary zanthoxylum powder on performance, egg quality, plasma biochemical indices and cecum microflora of laying hens. Using a single factor experimental design, thirty Jingfen No.1 laying hens of 50-week-old were randomly divided into the control group and experimental group with 15 replicates per group and 1 chicken per replicate. Hens in the control group were fed a corn-soybean meal type basal diet, and those in the experimental group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.5% zanthoxylum powder. The pre-experiment lasted for 1 week and the formal experiment lasted for 8 weeks. The results showed as follows: 1) compared with the control group, the feed to egg ratio of laying hens in the experimental group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), the eggshell color had a trend of improvement (P=0.08), and the eggshell strength had a trend of decrease (P=0.08). 2) Compared with the control group, the plasma albumin content of laying hens in the experimental group was significantly increased (P<0.05), the plasma albumin to globulin ratio was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the plasma contents of immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin M had a trend of decrease (P=0.09). 3) Compared with the control group, at the phylum level, the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidota in cecal microflora of laying hens in the experimental group was increased, while the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteriota was decreased. At the genus level, the relative abundance of unclassified_o_Bacteroidales and Romboutsia in cecal microflora of laying hens in the experimental group was increased, while the Lactobacillus relative abundance was decreased. Compared with the enriched pathogenic bacterium such as Hydrogenoanaerobacterium, Treponema, unclassified_f_Syntrophomonadaceae, Methylobacterium-Methylorubrum, Elusimicrobium and Anaerobiospirillum in the control group, these beneficial flora which were norank_f_Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group, norank_f_norank_o_Saccharimonadales, norank_f_Christensenellaceae, Family_ⅩⅢ_AD3011_group and Angelakisella were the main differentiating dominant flora. In conclusion, dietary 0.5% zanthoxylum powder can improve the diversity and structure of cecal microflora, enhance the protein utilization and anti-inflammatory ability, and improve the performance and egg quality of laying hens.

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